435 research outputs found
Mass Hierarchy Determination via future Atmospheric Neutrino Detectors
We study the problem of determination of the sign of Delta m^2_{31}, or the
neutrino mass hierarchy, through observations of atmospheric neutrinos in
future detectors. We consider two proposed detector types :
(a) Megaton sized water Cerenkov detectors, which can measure the survival
rates of nu_\mu + \bar{\nu}_\mu and nu_e + \bar{\nu}_e and (b) 100 kton sized
magnetized iron detectors, which can measure the survival rates of \nu_\mu and
\bar{\nu}_\mu. For energies and path-lengths relevant to atmospheric neutrinos,
these rates obtain significant matter contributions from P_{\mu e}, P_{\mu \mu}
and P_{ee}, leading to an appreciable sensitivity to the hierarchy. We do a
binned \chi^2 analysis of simulated data in these two types of detectors which
includes the effect of smearing in neutrino energy and direction and
incorporates detector efficiencies and relevant statistical, theoretical and
systematic errors. We also marginalize the \chi^2 over the allowed ranges of
neutrino parameters in order to accurately account for their uncertainties.
Finally, we compare the performance of both types of detectors vis a vis the
hierarchy determination.Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures, revised version accepted in Physical Review
Determinants of Overweight and Obesity among School Children in Mehsana district, India
WHO refers obesity as a global epidemic because of rapid increase in the number of overweight and obese individuals in last 20 years. The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of overweight and obesity and determine their associated factors among school children aged 10-12 years in Mehsana district in India. A single centric epidemiological study was conducted among 200 school children selected at random in Mehsana district school in the period from July 2011 to September 2011. Overweight and obesity were assessed using height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference of each student in the class. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to interview the students to elicit the information on family characteristics like number of family members, education and occupation of parents, their usual physical activity, habit of watching TV and time spent with computer and for sleeping as well as the pattern of dietary intake. Significant difference in BMI for boys (p<0.0010) as well as girls (p<0.0123) was observed in all the three underweight, overweight and obese groups as compared to normal group. Significant difference in hip and waist circumference was observed only in the underweight group as compared to normal. Risk of overweight and obesity was significantly higher in children who spent time in television viewing and/or with computer. The present study highlights childhood obesity is an emerging health problem which need to be confirmed by large scale studies and effective preventive strategies should be developed to halt this epidemic at its beginning
Effect of Ni ion irradiation on microstructure and corrosion properties of Zr59Nb3Cu20Al10Ni8 amorphous alloy
The amorphous Zr59Nb3Cu20Al10Ni8 alloy has been irradiated by 100 MeV Ni+7 ion beam at the fluence rates of 1×1013 and 1×1014 ions/cm2 at room and elevated temperature. The effect of irradiation on structure sensitive properties of Zr-based amorphous alloys has been investigated in this study using XRD and FESEM and potentiodynamic polarization study. The results reveals that there are no significant changes in the microstructure at lower fluence rate but the formation of nanocrystalline structures have been observed at the higher fluence rates and the results have been corroborated using corrosion studies
Synthesis of AgInS2 nanoparticles Directly in Poly (3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) Matrix: Photoluminescence quenching studies
Inorganic semiconductor AgInS, nanoparticles and P3HT/AgInS2 composite was synthesized by decomposition of silver indium xanthate. The synthesized nanoparticles and composite were characterized by XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. PL quenching of the composite demonstrate that the electron transfer from polymer to inorganic NPs through ex-situ solution blending is less efficient in PL quenching as compared to in-situ synthesis
Maternal mortality in a tertiary hospital of North India- analysis of causes and risk factors
Background: Approximately 529,000 women die from pregnancy-related causes annually and almost 99% of these occur in developing nations. Even with decline, India still is one of the major contributors to maternal deaths in the world. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the causes, sociodemographic factors and level of delay influencing maternal mortality.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study based on all maternal deaths within 2.5 years from June 2020 to December 2022 in tertiary care center New Delhi was included. All deaths were assessed for sociodemographic risk factor and processed using descriptive statistics for various variables.
Results: During the study 77 deaths were identified. 48 deaths were direct and 29 were indirect maternal deaths. Sepsis and infectious diseases were the leading cause of direct and indirect maternal death respectively. 47% women died at more than 34 weeks’ gestation.12 women died undelivered. 65 women who died in the postpartum period, caesarean section was performed in 32%. Of total deaths 53 women were unbooked and level 1 delay in 78% cases.
Conclusions: Education and awareness of importance of antenatal care, diagnosis and management of anemia to be given prime importance. Institutional deliveries to be encouraged. Optimization of comorbid conditions in the preoperative period is quintessential
Study of protein calorie malnutrition amongst under six children In a slum area of kanpur
Rresearch Problem: What is the prevalence of PCM amongst under six children in slum area of Kanpur? Objectives: 1) To study the prevalence of PCM.2) To apply health educational interventions. Study Design: Cross - sectional study. Setting: All the households in the study area having under six children. Participants: Under - six children showing signs of PCM. Sample Size: 1260 children in the age group ofO - 6 years. Study Variables: Age - group, sex, education of mother, occupation of father, social class, type of family. Outcome Variables: Children with signs of PCM. Statistical Analysis: By chi - square test. Result: The occurrence of PCM was the highest in the 0 - 1 year age group. Boys suffered from overall PCM and grade I PCM more than the girls in whom grade III PCM was more common. Overall as well as grade I and II PCM was seen more in children of illiterate mothers and unemployed fathers. Majority of the children belonged to social class IV and were from unitary families. Conclusion: Mother's education plays an important role in the health and nutrition of children
Role of time-varying magnetic field on QGP equation of state
The phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and its associated
thermodynamic properties of quark gluon plasma (QGP) are studied in the
presence of time dependent magnetic field. The study plays a pivotal role in
the field of cosmology, astrophysics, and heavy ion collisions. In order to
explore the structure of quark gluon plasma to deal with the dynamics of quarks
and gluons, we investigate the equation of state (EoS) not only in the
environment of static magnetic field but also in the presence of time-varying
magnetic fields. So, for determining the equation of state of QGP at non zero
magnetic fields, we revisited our earlier model where the effect of time
varying magnetic field was not taken into consideration. Using the
phenomenological model, some appealing features are noticed depending upon the
three different scales; effective mass of quark, temperature, and time
independent as well as time-dependent magnetic field. Earlier the effective
mass of quark was incorporated in our calculations and in the current work, it
is modified for static and time-varying magnetic fields. Thermodynamic
observables including pressure, energy density, entropy, etc. are calculated
for a wide range of temperature and time-dependent as well as time-independent
magnetic fields. Finally, we claim that the EoS are highly affected in the
presence of a magnetic field. Our results are notable compared to other
approaches and found to be advantageous for the measurement of QGP equation of
state. These crucial findings with and without time-varying magnetic field
could have phenomenological implications in various sectors of high energy
physics.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, accepted in Advances in High Energy Physic
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