4D, N = 1 Supersymmetry Genomics (I)

Presented in this paper the nature of the supersymmetrical representation theory behind 4D, N = 1 theories, as described by component fields, is investigated using the tools of Adinkras and Garden Algebras. A survey of familiar matter multiplets using these techniques reveals they are described by two fundamental valise Adinkras that are given the names of the cis-Valise (c-V) and the trans-Valise (t-V). A conjecture is made that all off-shell 4D, N = 1 component descriptions of supermultiplets are associated with two integers - the numbers of c-V and t-V Adinkras that occur in the representation.Comment: 53 pages, 19 figures, Report-II of SSTPRS 2008 Added another chapter for clarificatio

Grey Turner\u27s Sign Unveiling a Rare Case of Neuroendocrine Tumor in the Tail of the Pancreas: A Reminder to Expand the Differential in Young Patients with Chronic Back Pain

Background: Pancreatic cancer is often difficult to diagnose due to its asymptomatic nature, silent progression or symptoms overlapping with more common benign conditions. We present a case of a 30-year-old male with chronic worsening back pain, weight loss, and Grey Turner\u27s sign, ultimately leading to the diagnosis of a neuroendocrine tumor in the tail of the pancreas. The rarity of this diagnosis in a young patient with atypical symptoms emphasizes the importance of considering uncommon diagnoses and expanding differentials, even when presented with seemingly typical symptoms, to enable early detection and intervention. Case Presentation: 30-year-old male past medical history of hypertension, morbid obesity, and chronic back pain that started in 2017 after a motor vehicle collision. However, the pain worsened in January 2023, requiring consistent NSAID for attenuation, multiple visits to the emergency department, and follow-up visits with his PCP and chiropractor. On a routine follow up with his PCP and posterior to MRI, he was found to have a herniated disc; however, his back pain continued to intensify, and NSAID requirement increased. Additionally, the patient had a weight loss of around 100 pounds in less than a year. In April 2023, he went to the emergency department due to excruciating back pain, jaundice, abdominal distention, bloating, flank pain, and a hematoma over his left lower abdomen. He also presented with bilateral leg edema and dyspnea on exertion of 24 hours of evolution. Blood work revealed cytopenia (anemia and thrombocytopenia). CT of the abdomen revealed a pancreatic tail mass with multiple diffuse liver nodules concerning metastatic disease and hepatosplenomegaly. The liver biopsy was consistent with metastatic carcinoma of pancreatic origin, categorized as neuroendocrine neoplasm. Posterior to stabilization in the hospital the patient decided to pursue palliative chemotherapy. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the importance of considering rare diagnoses in young patients with chronic back pain and associated symptoms. Despite the typical late-stage diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, this unique presentation underscores the significance of diligently exploring alternative causes when common symptoms fail to respond to treatment. Physicians must remain vigilant and expand their differentials when encountering atypical presentations to ensure timely and accurate diagnoses

Dyakonov--Tamm wave at the planar interface of a chiral sculptured thin film and an isotropic dielectric material

Surface waves, named here as Dyakonov--Tamm waves, can exist at the planar interface of an isotropic dielectric material and a chiral sculptured thin film (STF). Due to the periodic nonhomogeneity of a chiral STF, the range of the refractive index of the isotropic material is smaller but the range of the propagation direction in the interface plane is much larger, in comparison to those for the existence of Dyakonov waves at the planar interface of an isotropic dielectric material and a columnar thin film

A unified framework for dataset shift diagnostics

Supervised learning techniques typically assume training data originates from the target population. Yet, in reality, dataset shift frequently arises, which, if not adequately taken into account, may decrease the performance of their predictors. In this work, we propose a novel and flexible framework called DetectShift that quantifies and tests for multiple dataset shifts, encompassing shifts in the distributions of $(X, Y)$, $X$, $Y$, $X|Y$, and $Y|X$. DetectShift equips practitioners with insights into data shifts, facilitating the adaptation or retraining of predictors using both source and target data. This proves extremely valuable when labeled samples in the target domain are limited. The framework utilizes test statistics with the same nature to quantify the magnitude of the various shifts, making results more interpretable. It is versatile, suitable for regression and classification tasks, and accommodates diverse data forms - tabular, text, or image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of DetectShift in detecting dataset shifts even in higher dimensions