Spreading Academic Pay over Nine or Twelve Months: Economists Are Supposed to Know Better, but Do They Act Better?

Our paper empirically considers two general hypotheses related to the literature of behavioral economics. First, we test the null hypothesis that individuals behave, on average, in a manner more consistent with the rational expectations hypothesis than with the idea of self-control in the face of hyperbolic discounting in their saving decisions. Second, along a variety of dimensions, we examine whether individuals exhibit Herbert Simon’s notion that the goal formation of individuals will differ depending upon their relative levels of experience and knowledge. Perhaps there are significant differences among groups in their saving decisions that depend upon their apparent levels of intelligence, education, and knowledge. Finally, using a variety of individual-specific control variables, we test for robustness of the results.Consumer Economics, Empirical Analysis, Life Cycle Models and Saving

Spreading Academic Pay over Nine or Twelve Months: Economists Are Supposed to Know Better, but Do They Act Better?

Our paper empirically considers two general hypotheses related to the literature of behavioral economics. First, we test the null hypothesis that individuals behave, on average, in a manner more consistent with the rational expectations hypothesis than with the idea of self-control in the face of hyperbolic discounting in their saving decisions. Second, along a variety of dimensions, we examine whether individuals exhibit Herbert Simon’s notion that the goal formation of individuals will differ depending upon their relative levels of experience and knowledge. Perhaps there are significant differences among groups in their saving decisions that depend upon their apparent levels of intelligence, education, and knowledge. Finally, using a variety of individual-specific control variables, we test for robustness of the results.Consumer Economics, Empirical Analysis, Life Cycle Models and Saving

A translation of certain extracts from: "Les genres des poissons d'eau douce de l'Afrique" (The genera of freshwater fish from Africa) by M. Poll. (1957) Ann. Mus. Roy. Congo Belge. Ser. 8, Zool. 54: 1-191.

The object of this paper is to facilitate the identification of the families and genera of African freshwater fish known to date from the vast zoogeographical Ethiopian region south of the Sahara. This Ethiopian region really stretches ever the whole of Africa with the exception of North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) whose fauna has mainly European affinities. (Only the endemic Cichlid genera from Lake Nyasa cannot be determined from this work. The key for the identification of these fish can be found in the excellent monograph by Trewavas, 1935: "The Cichlid Fishes of Lake Nyasa" Ann. Mag.Nat.Hist. (10) 16: 65-118). The keys are convenient and are designed to simplify the identification as far as possible. Certain of these. keys are original, while others have been constructed from the works of several other ichthyologists: Boulenger, Pellegrin, Regan, Trewavas, Myers, Daget, Greenwood, as well as my own earlier publications