ASPECTS RELATED TO THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION OF THE RETIRED PERSONS IN ROMANIA

Pension’s level in Romania has been a matter of passionate debates inside the political class since 1990 until today. The alarming increase in the number of pensioners, which exceeded the number of employees in the economy, linked to the economic and social development of our country, has made impossible to create a social system for older people, system able to provide a decent level for their income. Research and evaluation have displayed regular concerns in relation to the social and economic situation of the older persons and they have demonstrated that they are social category that is being subjected to the highest injustices in the market economy

Roman to Islamic Beads and Pendants from Matmar and Mostagedda, Middle Egypt

Between 1927 and 1931, British archaeologists Guy Brunton and his wife Winifred recorded over 150 graves assumed to date from Late Dynastic to early Islamic times in the cemeteries of Matmar and Mostagedda, Middle Egypt. Sixty-four bead objects found in funerary context are now located in six museum collections. Recent studies of material found in these tombs and the radiocarbon dating of textile samples allowed for a revision of Brunton’s initial chronology and an overview of the typology of the bead corpus based on the revised chronological framework. The analysis of the Matmar and Mostagedda corpus also opens the avenue for a study of the timeline, typology, use, and provenience of beads at sites in the Middle Egyptian Nile Valley during the Roman to early Islamic period

Low mineral fertilization on grassland after 6 years

Nowadays, all over the world, the tendency is to maintain biodiversity and prevent the loss of it by replacing intensive management systems with sustainable and beneficial ones. The traditional management degradation due on one hand to depopulation of mountain villages and on the other hand due to mechanization leads into vegetation succession that is unpredictable. Finding alternative and combined solutions to preserve the landscape and reducing depopulation of the mountain area are necessary. This is the reason why our experience is combined and includes a study during 6 years in a low-input system from Apuseni Mountains, Romania. The experimental treatments are designed to follow the effect of low mineral inputs on floristic composition of grasslands. The results show a decline in species richness under the influence of mineral inputs. Changes in abandon phytocenosis should be taken with reserve because time is too short. Although have been applied different amounts of mineral fertilizer it has not changed the type of grassland during 6 years

ČIMBENICI UDRUŽENI S USTRAJNOM GENITALNOM INFEKCIJOM HUMANIM PAPILOMAVIRUSOM U MANJOJ SKUPINI RUMUNJSKIH ŽENA

The aim of the study was to assess the role of behavioral factors in persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genital infection. Out of a cohort of 605 women included in a study of HPV infection prevalence, 142 HPV positive women (aged 18-57) were retested after a 12-month interval. None of the patients underwent surgical treatment during that period. Selected patients were asked for a second smear for cytologic analysis and HPV genotyping. A questionnaire that included information regarding reproductive health, sexual activity and smoking status was filled-in. After 12 months, 46 of 142 (32.39%) women had persistent HPV infection, with genotypes 16 and 18 found in 27 cases. On the other hand, 17 of 142 (11.97%) women had acquired new infections replacing the baseline genotypes. In our study, smoking (OR=2.320, p=0.0330) and sexual behavior (OR=5.333, p=0.0180 for more than three sexual partners; OR=2.427, p=0.0238 for cases where the partner was involved in another sexual relationship) were associated with viral persistence, while long-term contraception did not yield statistically significant results.Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je procijeniti ulogu čimbenika ponašanja na ustrajnost genitalne infekcije humanim papilomavirusom (HPV). Od 605 žena uključenih u ispitivanje učestalosti infekcije HPV-om 142 žene pozitivne na HPV (u dobi od 18 do 57 godina) ponovno su testirane nakon 12 mjeseci. Tijekom tog razdoblja nijedna od tih bolesnica nije bila podvrgnuta kirurškom liječenju. Od odabranih bolesnica zatražen je drugi obrisak za citološku analizu i genotipiziranje HPV-a. Ispunjen je upitnik s podacima o reprodukcijskom zdravlju, seksualnim aktivnostima i pušenju. Nakon 12 mjeseci 46/142 (32,39%) žena imalo je ustrajnu infekciju HPV-om; u 27 slučajeva utvrđeni su genotipovi 16 i 18. S druge strane, 17/142 (11,97%) žena imalo je novo stečene infekcije koje su zamijenile prvobitne genotipove. U našem istraživanju je pušenje (OR=2,320, p=0,0330) i spolno ponašanje (OR=5,333, p=0,0180 za više od tri seksualna partnera; OR=2,427, p=0,0238 u slučajevima kad je partner imao i drugi seksualni odnos) bilo udruženo s ustrajnošću virusa, dok dugotrajna kontracepcija nije pokazala statistički značajne rezultate

ECONOMIC STANDARD – QUANTITATIVE COMPONENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE

In the present social/economic conditions of our country, the problem of objective analysis and research of the population’s everyday social life, of its wellbeing, of final consumption and possibilities of satisfying vital necessities, of the living standard and lifestyle, of the quality of life as a whole, becomes more and more present and significant. In the present period, the concept of quality of life was not only used by specialist, it actually became “exchange currency” in public debates. Considering the political and economic context and the integration of Romania in the European Union, the assurance of life quality is a vital objective in order to rapidly reach a living standard at acceptable level of civilization, defined in a European context

QUALITY OF LIFE FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF TWO BASIC COMPONENTS: THE ECONOMIC STANDARD AND SATISFACTION

In the present social/economic conditions of our country, the problem of objective analysis and research of the population’s everyday social life, of its wellbeing, of final consumption and possibilities of satisfying vital necessities, of the living standard and lifestyle, of the quality of life as a whole, becomes more and more present and significant. The notion of "quality of life" aims, on the one hand, the objective conditions in living individuals, and on the other hand, what they think about the individuals. In fact, in its essence, the quality of life implies a qualitative approach to social and human life, as assessed by experts and how it is experienced by the subjects

SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND VULNERABLE POPULATIONS

In the last half of the century, significant technological, economic, demographic, political, and ideological changes took place; advanced democracies went to a process of deep economic restructurings. While universal social policies still provide for protection against predictable risks of a life cycle, individual carrier models and welfare standardization can no longer be assumed. There are more and more people suffering from insecurity, or lacking protection of any kind. Excluded populations are therefore more affected than any other categories of social actors and their poverty is more obvious; in a certain sense, it is less “natural” than it has ever been

Aspects Related To The Socio-Economic Situation Of The Retired Persons In Romania

Pension’s level in Romania has been a matter of passionate debates inside the political class since 1990 until today. The alarming increase in the number of pensioners, which exceeded the number of employees in the economy, linked to the economic and social development of our country, has made impossible to create a social system for older people, system able to provide a decent level for their income. Research and evaluation have displayed regular concerns in relation to the social and economic situation of the older persons and they have demonstrated that they are social category that is being subjected to the highest injustices in the market economy.revenue and expenditure of pensioners, living standard, pension scheme, social assistance and protection