Previsione delle traiettorie di blocchi mobilizzati da frane di crollo: applicazione e confronto di modelli

Vengono trattati aspetti relativi alla previsione delle traiettorie e distanze di propagazione di blocchi mobilizzati da frane di crollo. Particolare attenzione viene posta all'applicazione e al confronto di modelli previsionali

Application of an ultra-wide band sensor-free wireless network for ground monitoring

Ground displacement monitoring is one of the most important aspects of early warning systems and risk management strategies when addressing phenomena such as landslides or subsidence. Several types of instrumentation already exist, but those able to provide real-time warnings on multiple time series are typically based on expensive technology, highlighting the need to develop a low-cost, easy to install system suitable for emergency monitoring. Therefore, a wireless network based on ultra-wideband impulse radiofrequency technology has been realized. The novelty of this network consists of its ability to measure the distance between nodes using the same signals used for transmission without the need for an actual measurement sensor. The system was tested by monitoring a mudflow in Central Italy and revealed its suitability as an early warning tool. More research on the integration of future low-cost hardware and and eventual industrialization would provide further improvement to this promising technology.Published1-142V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani4V. Processi pre-eruttiviJCR Journa

Salvinia auriculata: chemical profle and biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis.

The aquatic plant Salvinia auriculata has been shown to possess promising properties for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis. The disease afects cattle health and compromises dairy cattle productivity, resulting in reduced milk production and higher mortality rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antibioflm activity, and toxicity of S. auriculata root extracts using bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T); determine the chemical composition of the most active extract; and develop an S. auriculata antiseptic solution for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection. Plants were collected during the four seasons of the year. The most active hexane extract was subjected to bioguided fractionation, which resulted in the isolation of six known compounds, stigmast-22-ene-3,6-dione, stigmasterol, friedelinol, ?-sitosterol, octadecyl alcohol, and octadecanoic acid. The antimicrobial and antibioflm activities of the most active extract and isolated compounds were determined against nine S. aureus strains isolated from cows with mastitis. The efcacy of the S. auriculata teat dip formulation was tested using an excised teat model (ex vivo), and promising results were obtained. The S. auriculata extract formulation proved to be as efective as commercial antimicrobials in reducing log counts in excised teats

Il Paleolitico superiore in Maremma: modalità insediative e paesaggi preistorici fra la Grotta del Sambuco e le coste del Tirreno

Il contributo illustra la distribuzione e le caratteristiche delle evidenze del Paleolitico superiore in Maremma (GR). Il censimento dei siti editi, comprendente sia dati di scavo che raccolte di superficie, è stato effettuato per un transetto di studio al cui centro si trova Grotta del Sambuco (Massa Marittima) e che dalle colline metallifere si estende fino all’attuale arcipelago. Per l’area in esame si propongono ricostruzioni del paesaggio preistorico individuando le tracce di elementi relitti che, nonostante le trasformazioni oloceniche, identificano il paesaggio del Paleolitico. Particolare attenzione è stata dedicata alle trasformazioni della linea di costa. Questa ha raggiunto durante il massimo glaciale la quota batimetrica di - 120 mt dando luogo alla formazione di una sorta di paleo golfo che si estendeva con varie conformazioni durante le diverse fasi, dalla fine del MIS 3 al MIS 2, fino ad includere l’Isola d’Elba e l’Isola di Pianosa. In questo scenario sono state ipotizzate le relazioni fra i siti dell’area interna e quelli costieri per comprendere le diverse strategie insediative del Paleolitico superiore in un’ottica sia sincronica che diacronica.The paper presents the distribution and the characteristics of Upper Palaeolithic evidence in Maremma district (GR). The gathering of data related excavations and surface collections are used to investigate the prehistoric landscape of a transect which includes the inner territory of the Sambuco Cave (Massa Marittima) and it extends till the actual Tuscan archipelago. Beyond the Holocene transformation the study area preserved some relict features of the Palaeolithic landscape. Attention has been paid to costal changes, during the LGM the sea level get down till -120 mt and the coastland included the actual Elba and Pianosa Islands assuming different shapes during MIS 3 and MIS 2. In this scenario the relationship between inland and coastland sites has been investigated in order to explore the Upper Palaeolithic settlement strategies in synchronic and diachronic perspectives