Immediate load implants: systematic review of the major technical and patient comfort approaches

Introduction: The first implant follow-up studies constituted the scientific foundation of modern implantology. Early loading was identified as a critical factor and, therefore, several waiting times were tried until the establishment of a period of at least three months for the mandible and five to six months for the maxilla. Therefore, implant with immediate load (ILI) was defined as “installation of a prosthetic element over an implant, without OI having occurred”. Objective: To demonstrate, through a systematic review, the clinical success rates of the immediate loading technique, present the indication criteria, and the follow-up of the procedures. Methods: This study followed the PRISMA model. Clinical studies were selected, involving retrospective, prospective and randomized studies. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. The bibliographic search was performed using online databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results and Conclusion: A total of 135 articles were found involving immediate loading implants. A total of 78 articles were evaluated in full and 35 were included and evaluated in the present study. The analysis of the literature obtained showed that the success rates with the ILI technique are compatible with those of the late loading, as long as certain guidelines are followed, which were divided into factors related to the patient, surgical technique, implant, prosthesis, and to aesthetics. The high success rate is a consequence of correct surgical and prosthetic planning, harmony between the implant system, patient, and dentist