Trans-ethnic high-density genotyping narrows the association signal at the HDL-C locus <i>PPP1R3B</i>.

<p>Association in Europeans (A), East Asians (B), African Americans (C) and in a combined trans-ethnic meta-analysis (D). Index SNP rs6601299 colored in purple is the variant showing strongest evidence of association in the combined trans-ethnic meta-analysis.</p

Trans-ethnic fine-mapping narrowed the association signals.

a<p><i>P</i> meta: <i>P</i> values from meta-analysis combining samples of African American, East Asian and European ancestries.</p>b<p>Direction: effect direction of each individual studies in the order of ARIC, MEC, WHI batch1, WHI batch2, HyperGEN, CLHNS, TAICHI, Finnish T2D, Finnish unaffected, Norwegian T2D and Norwegian unaffected.</p>c<p><i>P</i> het: <i>P</i> values for heterogeneity, indicating whether observed effect sizes are homogeneous across ancestry samples.</p>d<p><i>I</i>²: index of the degree of heterogeneity.</p

Reported functional variants exhibited the strongest association at a signal (<i>P</i><10⁻⁴).

*<p>AA, African American; EUR, European; ASN, East Asian.</p

Lipid loci with multiple signals in East Asians.

a<p>LD (<i>r</i>²/D′) with SNP showing the strongest evidence of association at each locus.</p>b<p>β: effect size from an additive model and corresponding to the effect allele, in the unit of mmol/L for HDL-C, LDL-C and natural log transformed TG.</p>c<p><i>P</i> values of sequential conditional analyses, in which we added the SNP with the strongest evidence of association into the regression model as a covariate and tested for the next strongest SNP until the strongest SNP showed a conditional <i>P</i> value>10⁻⁴ and had no annotation suggesting potential function.</p>d<p>Variance explained by SNPs at each locus was estimated based on CLHNS samples (n = 1,716).</p>e<p><i>P</i> values of initial association in African Americans and Europeans.</p

Lipid loci with multiple signals in Europeans.

a<p>LD (<i>r</i>²/D′) with SNP showing the strongest evidence of association at each locus.</p>b<p>β: effect size from an additive model and corresponding to the effect allele, in the unit of mmol/L for HDL-C, LDL-C and natural log transformed TG.</p>c<p><i>P</i> values of sequential conditional analyses, in which we added the SNP with the strongest evidence of association into the regression model as a covariate and tested for the next strongest SNP until the strongest SNP showed a conditional <i>P</i> value>10⁻⁴ and had no annotation suggesting potential function.</p>d<p>Variance explained by SNPs at each locus was estimated based on European samples.</p>e<p><i>P</i> values of initial association in African Americans and East Asians.</p

LDL-C locus <i>PCSK9</i> exhibited seven signals in African Americans.

<p>Initial association in the main analysis (A). Residual association in sequential conditional analysis by sequentially adding the lead SNPs into the regression model (B–G). Each SNP was colored according to its LD (<i>r²</i>) in the PAGE consortium, with the strongest SNP colored in purple and symbols designating genomic annotation defined in the ‘annotation key’. Genomic coordinates refer to build 36 (hg18).</p

Novel SNVs/Genes associated with BP traits from correlated meta-analysis in European ancestry in Stage 1.

<p>Novel SNVs/Genes associated with BP traits from correlated meta-analysis in European ancestry in Stage 1.</p

Identification of four independent LD blocks in the 8p23.1 region <i>(~3</i>.<i>3 MBs</i>).

<p>Identification of four independent LD blocks in the 8p23.1 region <i>(~3</i>.<i>3 MBs</i>).</p

Novel SNVs/Genes associated with BP traits in Multi-ancestry meta-analysis in combined Stage 1 and Stage 2.

<p>Novel SNVs/Genes associated with BP traits in Multi-ancestry meta-analysis in combined Stage 1 and Stage 2.</p