Fertilisation strategies for sown organic pasture in the mediterranean mountains of North-east Portugal

The leptosols are dominant soils in the North-east of Portugal, and are occupied mainly with forest ,shrubs ,cereals and fallow

Resposta da quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) a diferentes regimes hídricos e níveis de fertilização azotada nas condições agroecológica de Trás-os-Montes

A quinoa é considerada como uma cultura resistente a vários fatores bióticos e abióticos limitantes para produção agrícola, incluindo a seca, geada e salinidade. Sendo uma cultura de origem tropical, o cultivo em regiões de clima temperado e em particular de clima mediterrânico deve ser avaliado em diferentes condições agroecológicas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do regime hídrico e da fertilizaçao azotada no crescimento e desenvolvimento da quinoa em Bragança, nordeste de Portugal. Para o efeito, a cultura foi instalada numa parcela da Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (latitude: 41° 47' 52" N; longitude: 6° 45' 58" W e altitude: 693m) num delineamento experimental com quatro níveis de azoto (0, 67, 133 e 200 kg/ha1) e três regimes hídricos: sequeiro (RO); regadio, com dotação correspondente a 50% das necessidades de rega (RI); e 100% das necessidades de rega (R2). Durante a estação de crescimento avaliou-se o estado hídrico do solo e da planta nos diferentes regimes hídricos. Determinou-se o tempo térmico para as diferentes fases de desenvolvimento, e o índice de área foliar, através da medição da radiação intercetada pelo coberto. A ocorrência de temperaturas elevadas e dias longos (fotoperíodo) durante a condução do ensaio influenciaram o desenvolvimento da cultura com paragem desenvolvimento na fase de floração. O regime hídrico influenciou significativamente o estado hídrico das plantas. No tratamento sem rega, durante a floração, as plantas apresentavam uma condição de stresse hídrico muito severo com valores de potencial hídrico foliar de -2,3 MPa. Nos tratamentos com rega deficitária (50% ETc), mantiveram-se com valores de potencial hídrico próximos de -1,7 MPa revelando uma condição de stresse hídrico menos severo que as plantas não regadas. Os resultados do balanço hídrico mostraram que para o cenário sem rega o teor de água no solo esteve abaixo do limiar de rendibilidade ótima desde o 11° dia após a sementeira. Nas parcelas irrigadas com 50% da ETc, o teor de água no solo manteve-se acima do limiar de rendibilidade ótima até aos 40 dias após a sementeira. Nas parcelas irrigadas com 100% ETc o teor de água no solo manteve-se acima do limiar durante o ciclo da cultura. O regime hídrico influenciou deforma significativa a produção de biomassa. A maior produção verifícou-se em R2 (19, 51 Mg ha'), sem diferenças significativas para RI (17, 12 Mg hal), e ambos os regimes com produção significativamente superior a RO (4,3 Mg hal). A fertilização azotada afetou significativamente a biomassa produzida sendo que foi em N2 que se registou o valor médio mais elevado (16, 75 Mg ha') e em NO o menor (7,34 Mg ha'). A produtividade da água foi influenciada significativamente pelo regime hídrico com o tratamento de rega deficitária (RI) e nível de azoto N3 a apresentar o maior valor de produtividade da água (7,44 Kg/m').info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Crops use-efficiency of nitrogen from a manure allowed for organic-farming

During the last decade, Europe bus witnessed a fast development in the organic agriculture segment. This lead to the emergence of new markets for fertilisers allowed for organic farming. Taking into account the relatively high prices of some of these products it is essential to look into their fertilizing value. In this work, the agronomic behavior, of an organic amendement allowed for organic farming was compared to that of a conventional N fertiliser. We lay out results of crops N nutritional indices, N uptake and aboveground dry matter yields from a double-cropping system, which includes a mixture of small grains as winter cover crop and silage maize as summer crop

Co‐existing monophasic teratoma and uterine adenocarcinoma in a female dog

Ovarian teratomas are occasionally reported in dogs; the rarest type is the monophasic teratoma,composed of tissues originating from only one germ layer. Canine endometrial adenocarcinomas are also rare in dogs and mainly affect geriatric females. This report describes case of co-existing ovarian teratoma and uterine adenocarcinoma in a 10-year old nulliparous female Boxer presented with lethargy, anorexia and purulent vaginal discharge. Abdominal ultrasonography evidenced pyometra and a mass in the left ovary. This was composed of a uniform whitish tissue with multiple cystic structures. The histology revealed an atrophy of the ovarian parenchyma, compressed by a proliferation of well-differentiated nervous tissue staining positively to vimentin, S100 and neuronal specific enolase (NSE), and negatively to keratin and inhibin. The left uterine horn, whose diameter was markedly increased, showed foci of endometrial cellular atypia, evident nucleoli and mitoses, at light microscopy. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of a coexisting ovarian monophasic teratoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma, two rare reproductive neoplasia in dogs

Mycobacterium avium Complex in domestic and wild animals

Mycobacteria from the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) cause a variety of diseases including tuberculosis-like disease in humans and birds, disseminated infections in AIDS patients and otherwise immunocompromised patients, lymphadenitis in humans and mammals and paratuberculosis in ruminants. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is the etiologic agent of Johne´s disease in cattle and it has been identified in human patients with Crohn’s disease. The MAC comprises slow growing mycobacteria that are ubiquitous in the environment (soil and water), and have a wide source range, causing disease in various domestic and wild mammals and birds [1]. The aim of this study was to discuss the classification and biology, epidemiology, clinical signs, pathology, diagnostic techniques, and public health concerns in Mycobacterium avium complex in domestic and wild animals

Farming systems in mountain regions of NE Portugal: conversion from conventional production to organic production

The energy efficiency of a mountain mixed-farming system in NE Portugal was analysed for the period 2002-2003. The energy calculation included the energy of all inputs (fertilizers, fuels, concentrates for cattle) on farm production and the energy of outputs (bovine meat). The energy values were calculated by multiplying the quantities of inputs, indoor system production and outputs by their energy content. The efficiency of the farm (output/input) was 0.12. The results showed a low efficiency of the farm. However, these results were not due to the high inputs required by the farm (as in intensive systems) but it was due to the low use of available feed

Lymphocyte population in the granulomatous lesions of wild-boars (Sus scrofa) suspected of tuberculosis

Só está disponível o resumoLymphocyte population in the granulomatous lesions of wild-boars (Sus scrofa) suspected of tuberculosis

Laser-excited Fluorescence And Electron-spin Resonance Of Er3+ In Polycrystalline Alcl3

The green fluorescence transitions among the levels corresponding to the 4S3/2 and 4I15/2 configurations of Er3+ diluted in AlCl3 have been measured using laser excitation. The data allow us to determine the crystalline-field splittings of these levels and, in turn, the spin-Hamiltonian parameters. The electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectrum observed at low temperatures is in good agreement with that expected from these parameters. © 1990 The American Physical Society.42190991

The effect of soil microtopographic gradients on dry matter yields and species richness in two Mediterranean pastures

The Sown Biodiverse Permanent Pastures Rich in Legumes (SBPPRL) mix a large number of species and cultivars of improved annual pasture species adapted to Mediterranean climate. with a predominance of Trifolium subterraneum. On a commercial mixed farm were explored the effects of soil microtopographic gradients on dry matter (OM) yields and species richness in two intensively grazed nearby pastures - a stabilized SBPPRL and an old seminatural annual pasture (SNP) - established in the same soil calena, with a high PZ05 and KzO availability. As expected the SBPPRL had higher DM yields than the SNP, more stable along the slope system, and with a larger legume fraction. The indigenous genotypes of the SNP seemed unable to translate into biomass soil fertility improvement. SBPPRL improved pasture species depressed significantly pasture species diversity and species spatial turnover. In the SBPPRL legumes mainly substituted many short living low productivity autochthonous species common in the SNP. The buffering of soil ecological gradients is probably important in the explanation of the superior agronomic performance of SBPPRL. SOM accumulation is certainly involved in this process

The effects of climate fluctuations and soil heterogeneity on the floristic composition of sown Mediterranean annual pastures

Sown Biodiverse Permanent Pastures Rich in Legumes (SBPPRL) is a pasture system for Mediterranean climatic areas mixing a large number of pastures species and cultivars, with a predominance of Trifolium subterraneum. Since the nineties, it rapidly expanded in Portugal due to its high dry matter yields (DM) and C sequestration rates in soil organic matter. Although without clear experimental evidence, it is currently admitted that SBPPRL are able to adjust soil spatial heterogeneity and to reflect interannual climate fluctuations. The study was realised on a SBPPRL sown in 2001on a mixed farm located in “Serra da Estrela”, the main agricultural mountain system of Portugal. The effects of two explanatory variables – “Year-climate” (moderately dry in 2007-2008 and humid in 2009-2010) and “Slope” (three positions: hill shoulder, backslope and footslope) – on the floristic composition were explored. Three botanical levels of analysis were used: all species, sown species and T. subterraneum cultivar levels. The statistical significance and the influence of the two explanatory variables on the plant composition varied between these three levels. The distribution of T. subterraneum cultivars along the microtopographical gradient was congruent with their life cycle duration: short-cycle cultivars had higher relative cover in uphill plots while longer cycle cultivars tended to dominate down the slope. Diversifying the sown species/cultivar colonists’ pool in seed pasture mixtures appears to favour microtopographic gradients and interannual climatic fluctuation tracking. Sown species diversity and T. subterraneum cultivar diversity are complementary in this process; they promote, respectively, interannual climatic and microtopographic gradients fluctuation tracking