Evading the Few TeV Perturbative Limit in 3-3-1 Models

Some versions of the electroweak SU(3)_L\otimesU(1)_X models cannot be treated within perturbation theory at energies of few TeV. An extended version for these models is proposed which is perturbative even at TeV scale posing no threatening inconsistency for test at future colliders. The extension presented here needs the addition of three octets of vector leptons, which leave three new leptonic isotriplets in the SU(2)_L\otimesU(1)_Y subgroup. With this representation content the running of the electroweak mixing angle, $\theta_W (\mu)$, is such that $\sin^2\theta_W(\mu)$ decreases with the increase of the energy scale $\mu$, when only the light states of the Standard Model group are considered. The neutral exotic gauge boson $Z^\prime$ marks then a new symmetry frontier.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, minor correction

Five-Dimensional QED, Muon Pair Production and Correction to the Coulomb Potential

We consider QED in five dimensions in a configuration where matter is localized on a 3-brane while foton propagates in the bulk. The idea is to investigate the effects of the Kaluza-Klein modes of the photon in the relativistic regime, but in low energy, and in the nonrelativistic regime. In the relativistic regime, we calculate the cross section for the reaction $e^+ + e^- \to \mu^+ + \mu^-$. We compare our theoretical result with a precise measurement of this cross section at $\sqrt{s}=57.77$ GeV. As result, we extract a lower bound on the size of the extra dimension. In the nonrelativistic regime, we derive the contribution for the Coulomb potential due to the whole tower of the Kaluza-Klein excited modes of the photon. We use the modified potential to calculate the Rutherford scattering differential cross section.Comment: minor changes, three new refs. added, to appear in IJMP

Singular diffusion and criticality in a confined sandpile

We investigate the behavior of a two-state sandpile model subjected to a confining potential in one and two dimensions. From the microdynamical description of this simple model with its intrinsic exclusion mechanism, it is possible to derive a continuum nonlinear diffusion equation that displays singularities in both the diffusion and drift terms. The stationary-state solutions of this equation, which maximizes the Fermi-Dirac entropy, are in perfect agreement with the spatial profiles of time-averaged occupancy obtained from model numerical simulations in one as well as in two dimensions. Surprisingly, our results also show that, regardless of dimensionality, the presence of a confining potential can lead to the emergence of typical attributes of critical behavior in the two-state sandpile model, namely, a power-law tail in the distribution of avalanche sizes.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Type II Seesaw and a Gauge Model for the Bimaximal Mixing Explanation of Neutrino Puzzles

We present a gauge model for the bimaximal mixing pattern among the neutrinos that explains both the atmospheric and solar neutrino data via large angle vacuum oscillation among the three known neutrinos. The model does not include righthanded neutrinos but additional Higgs triplets which acquire naturally small vev's due to the type II seesaw mechanism. A combination of global $L_e-L_{\mu}-L_{\tau}$ and $S_3$ symmetries constrain the mass matrix for both charged leptons and neutrinos in such a way that the bimaximal pattern emerges naturally at the tree level and needed splittings among neutrinos at the one loop level. This model predicts observable branching ratios for $\tau\to \mu \mu\mu$, which could be used to test it.Comment: Latex file, 8 pages, five figures include

Quimerismo 60,xx/60,xy e freemartismo em bovinos nascidos de partos gemelares heterossexuais.

Foram estudados citogeneticamente 42 bovinos nascidos de partos gemelares heterossexuais, sendo 10 casais, 19 fêmeas e três machos de várias raças, principalmente, Holandesa (17) e Pardo Suíça (11), pertencentes ao Instituto de Zootecnia-APTA, Nova Odessa, SP, e a produtores particulares de outras regiões do Estado. A análise citogenética foi realizada em metáfases obtidas após culturas de linfócitos. Em 90,5% (38) dos animais, foi observado o quimerismo 60,XX/ 60,XY com 1,8 a 90,2% de células femininas. Considerando todos os animais quiméricos, foram analisadas 3806 células, sendo 1268 XX (33,3%) e 2538 XY (66,7%). Em nove casais, as freqüências de células femininas foram 24,8 e 21,5% e as de masculinas de 75,2 e 78,5% para fêmeas e machos, respectivamente. Em um casal, não foi evidenciada troca de células, e a fêmea apresentou somente células de linhagem feminina e o macho, de linhagem masculina. Três das fêmeas avaliadas eram adultas e foram abatidas. Seus aparelhos genitais apresentaram vários graus de masculinização como: aumento do clitóris, subdesenvolvimento da vagina, da cérvix (ausente em uma fêmea), do útero, das tubas uterinas, presença de glândulas vesiculares e gônadas ovotestis, (testículos e pênis rudimentares foram encontrados em uma fêmea). O cariótipo 60,XX foi observado em apenas três fêmeas das 29 analisadas: duas delas apresentaram todas as características de fêmea normal e inclusive pariram com aproximadamente 30 meses de idade; a outra fêmea ainda não atingiu a idade de reprodução, mas parece apresentar função reprodutiva normal. Dos 13 machos analisados, 12 apresentaram quimerismo 60,XX/60,XY e um apresentou cariótipo normal (60,XY). A análise citogenética é um meio eficaz e pouco oneroso de constatar freemartismo em fêmea bovina gêmea com macho, permitindo o diagnóstico precoce e a oportunidade de eliminação do processo reprodutivo os animais portadores de quimerismo, de maneira a baixar os custo com manejo e a diminuir a freqüência desta anomalia nos rebanhos

Neutrino Decay and Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in a 3-3-1 Model

In this work we show that the implementation of spontaneous breaking of the lepton number in the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos gives rise to fast neutrino decay with majoron emission and generates a bunch of new contributions to the neutrinoless double beta decay.Comment: Version accepted for publication in the Phys. Rev.