Quantum cryptography: a practical information security perspective

Quantum Key Exchange (QKE, also known as Quantum Key Distribution or QKD) allows communicating parties to securely establish cryptographic keys. It is a well-established fact that all QKE protocols require that the parties have access to an authentic channel. Without this authenticated link, QKE is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. Overlooking this fact results in exaggerated claims and/or false expectations about the potential impact of QKE. In this paper we present a systematic comparison of QKE with traditional key establishment protocols in realistic secure communication systems.Comment: 5 pages, new title, published version, minor changes onl

Likelihood Estimation for Block Cipher Keys

In this paper, we give a general framework for the analysis of block ciphers using the statistical technique of likelihood estimation. We show how various recent successful cryptanalyses of block ciphers can be regarded in this framework. By analysing the SAFER block cipher in this framework we expose a cryptographic weakness of that cipher

Standardization of sample collection, isolation and analysis methods in extracellular vesicle research

The emergence of publications on extracellular RNA (exRNA) and extracellular vesicles (EV) has highlighted the potential of these molecules and vehicles as biomarkers of disease and therapeutic targets. These findings have created a paradigm shift, most prominently in the field of oncology, prompting expanded interest in the field and dedication of funds for EV research. At the same time, understanding of EV subtypes, biogenesis, cargo and mechanisms of shuttling remains incomplete. The techniques that can be harnessed to address the many gaps in our current knowledge were the subject of a special workshop of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) in New York City in October 2012. As part of the “ISEV Research Seminar: Analysis and Function of RNA in Extracellular Vesicles (evRNA)”, 6 round-table discussions were held to provide an evidence-based framework for isolation and analysis of EV, purification and analysis of associated RNA molecules, and molecular engineering of EV for therapeutic intervention. This article arises from the discussion of EV isolation and analysis at that meeting. The conclusions of the round table are supplemented with a review of published materials and our experience. Controversies and outstanding questions are identified that may inform future research and funding priorities. While we emphasize the need for standardization of specimen handling, appropriate normative controls, and isolation and analysis techniques to facilitate comparison of results, we also recognize that continual development and evaluation of techniques will be necessary as new knowledge is amassed. On many points, consensus has not yet been achieved and must be built through the reporting of well-controlled experiments

The medical student

The Medical Student was published from 1888-1921 by the students of Boston University School of Medicine

Old English macian, Its Origin and Dissemination

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66612/2/10.1177_007542428601900105.pd

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In large secure networks where each node needs to have the capability to communicate securely with every other node, the key storage requirement can become a significant problem. Various authors have suggested methods for using combinatorial and algebraic techniques to ease this storage problem. However, the use of such schemes can result in an unacceptable reduction of security. Therefore in this paper we list some formal requirements for a key distribution scheme and show that one of the proposed schemes fails to satisfy them