Volumetric Blood Flow in Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Revision Using 3‐Dimensional Doppler Sonography

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135560/1/jum2015342257.pd

Three‐Dimensional Sonographic Measurement of Blood Volume Flow in the Umbilical Cord

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135361/1/jum201231121927.pd

Equalization of Multiuser Wireless CDMA Downlink Considering Transmitter Nonlinearity Using Walsh Codes

Transmitter nonlinearity has been a major issue in many scenarios: cellular wireless systems have high power RF amplifier (HPA) nonlinearity at the base station; satellite downlinks have nonlinear TWT amplifiers in the satellite transponder and multipath conditions in the ground station; and radio-over-fiber (ROF) systems consist of a nonlinear optical link followed by a wireless channel. In many cases, the nonlinearity is simply ignored if there is no out-of-band emission. This results in poor BER performance. In this paper we propose a new technique to estimate the linear part of the wireless downlink in the presence of a nonlinearity using Walsh codes; Walsh codes are commonly used in CDMA downlinks. Furthermore, we show that equalizer performance is significantly improved by taking into account the presence of the nonlinearity during channel estimation. This is shown by using a regular decision feedback equalizer (DFE) with both wireless and RF amplifier noise. We perform estimation in a multiuser CDMA communication system where all users transmit their signal simultaneously. Correlation analysis is applied to identify the channel impulse response (CIR) and the derivation of key correlation relationships is shown. A difficulty with using Walsh codes in terms of their correlations (compared to PN sequences) is then presented, as well as a discussion on how to overcome it. Numerical evaluations show a good estimation of the linear system with 54 users in the downlink and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 25 dB. Bit error rate (BER) simulations of the proposed identification and equalization algorithms show a BER of achieved at an SNR of dB.</p

Equalization of Multiuser Wireless CDMA Downlink Considering Transmitter Nonlinearity Using Walsh Codes

Transmitter nonlinearity has been a major issue in many scenarios: cellular wireless systems have high power RF amplifier (HPA) nonlinearity at the base station; satellite downlinks have nonlinear TWT amplifiers in the satellite transponder and multipath conditions in the ground station; and radio-over-fiber (ROF) systems consist of a nonlinear optical link followed by a wireless channel. In many cases, the nonlinearity is simply ignored if there is no out-of-band emission. This results in poor BER performance. In this paper we propose a new technique to estimate the linear part of the wireless downlink in the presence of a nonlinearity using Walsh codes; Walsh codes are commonly used in CDMA downlinks. Furthermore, we show that equalizer performance is significantly improved by taking into account the presence of the nonlinearity during channel estimation. This is shown by using a regular decision feedback equalizer (DFE) with both wireless and RF amplifier noise. We perform estimation in a multiuser CDMA communication system where all users transmit their signal simultaneously. Correlation analysis is applied to identify the channel impulse response (CIR) and the derivation of key correlation relationships is shown. A difficulty with using Walsh codes in terms of their correlations (compared to PN sequences) is then presented, as well as a discussion on how to overcome it. Numerical evaluations show a good estimation of the linear system with 54 users in the downlink and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 25 dB. Bit error rate (BER) simulations of the proposed identification and equalization algorithms show a BER of 10−6 achieved at an SNR of ∼25 dB

Umbilical Vein Pulse Wave Spectral Analysis: A Possible Method for Placental Assessment Through Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal Flow Components

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174939/1/jum15927_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174939/2/jum15927.pd

Evaluation of Umbilical Vein Blood Volume Flow in Preeclampsia by Angle‐Independent 3D Sonography

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145254/1/jum14507_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145254/2/jum14507.pd

Comparison of Variations Between Spectral Doppler and Gaussian Surface Integration Methods for Umbilical Vein Blood Volume Flow

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166232/1/jum15411_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166232/2/jum15411.pd

Comparison of Variations Between Spectral Doppler and Gaussian Surface Integration Methods for Umbilical Vein Blood Volume Flow

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166232/1/jum15411_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166232/2/jum15411.pd