The Effect of Radiative Cooling on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Cluster Counts and Angular Power Spectrum: Analytic Treatment

Recently, the entropy excess detected in the central cores of groups and clusters has been successfully interpreted as being due to radiative cooling of the hot intragroup/intracluster gas. In such a scenario, the entropy floors $S_{\rm floor}$ in groups/clusters at any given redshift are completely determined by the conservation of energy. In combination with the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium and the universal density profile for dark matter, this allows us to derive the remaining gas distribution of groups and clusters after the cooled material is removed. Together with the Press-Schechter mass function we are able to evaluate effectively how radiative cooling can modify the predictions of SZ cluster counts and power spectrum. It appears that our analytic results are in good agreement with those found by hydrodynamical simulations. Namely, cooling leads to a moderate decrease of the predicted SZ cluster counts and power spectrum as compared with standard scenario. However, without taking into account energy feedback from star formation which may greatly suppress cooling efficiency, it is still premature to claim that this modification is significant for the cosmological applications of cluster SZ effect.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, uses aastex.cls. ApJ accepte

Chern dartboard insulator: sub-Brillouin zone topology and skyrmion multipoles

Topology plays a crucial role in many physical systems, leading to interesting states at the surface. The paradigmatic example is the Chern number defined in the Brillouin zone that leads to the robust gapless edge states. Here we introduce the reduced Chern number, defined in subregions of the Brillouin zone (BZ), and construct a family of Chern dartboard insulators (CDIs) with quantized reduced Chern numbers in the sub-BZ (sBZ) but with trivial bulk topology. CDIs are protected by mirror symmetries and exhibit distinct pseudospin textures, including (anti)skyrmions, inside the sBZ. These CDIs host exotic gapless edge states, such as M\"{o}bius fermions and midgap corner states, and can be realized in photonic crystals. Our work opens up new possibilities for exploring sBZ topology and nontrivial surface responses in topological systems

Spindle oscillations are generated in the dorsal thalamus and modulated by the thalamic reticular nucleus

Spindle waves occur during the early stage of slow wave sleep and are thought to arise in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), causing inhibitory postsynaptic potential spindle-like oscillations in the dorsal thalamus that are propagated to the cortex. We have found that thalamocortical neurons exhibit membrane oscillations that have spindle frequencies, consist of excitatory postsynaptic potentials, and co-occur with electroencephalographic spindles. TRN lesioning prolonged oscillations in the medial geniculate body (MGB) and auditory cortex (AC). Injection of GABA~A~ antagonist into the MGB decreased oscillation frequency, while injection of GABA~B~ antagonist increased spindle oscillations in the MGB and cortex. Thus, spindles originate in the dorsal thalamus and TRN inhibitory inputs modulate this process, with fast inhibition facilitating the internal frequency and slow inhibition limiting spindle occurrence

Investigating the topological structure of quenched lattice QCD with overlap fermions by using multi-probing approximation

The topological charge density and topological susceptibility are determined by multi-probing approximation using overlap fermions in quenched SU(3) gauge theory. Then we investigate the topological structure of the quenched QCD vacuum, and compare it with results from the all-scale topological density, the results are consistent. Random permuted topological charge density is used to check whether these structures represent underlying ordered properties. Pseudoscalar glueball mass is extracted from the two-point correlation function of the topological charge density. We study $3$ ensembles of different lattice spacing $a$ with the same lattice volume $16^{3}\times32$, the results are compatible with the results of all-scale topological charge density, and the topological structures revealed by multi-probing are much closer to all-scale topological charge density than that by eigenmode expansion.Comment: 12 pages,34 figure

Investigation of the 1+1 dimensional Thirring model using the method of matrix product states

We present preliminary results of a study on the non-thermal phase structure of the (1+1) dimensional massive Thirring model, employing the method of matrix product states. Through investigating the entanglement entropy, the fermion correlators and the chiral condensate, it is found that this approach enables us to observe numerical evidence of a Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in the model.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures; contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2018 conferenc

Quantum transport through a double Aharonov-Bohm-interferometer in the presence of Andreev reflection

Quantum transport through a double Aharonov-Bohm-interferometer in the presence of Andreev reflection is investigated in terms of the nonequilibrium Green function method with which the reflection current is obtained. Tunable Andreev reflection probabilities depending on the interdot coupling strength and magnetic flux as well are analysised in detail. It is found that the oscillation period of the reflection probability with respect to the magnetic flux for the double interferometer depends linearly on the ratio of two parts magnetic fluxes n, i.e. 2(n+1)pi, while that of a single interferometer is 2pi. The coupling strength not only affects the height and the linewidth of Andreev reflection current peaks vs gate votage but also shifts the peak positions. It is furthermore demonstrated that the Andreev reflection current peaks can be tuned by the magnetic fluxes.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figur

ONLINE AUCTION EFFECTIVENESS: OPTIMAL SELLING STRATEGIES FOR ONLINE AUCTION MARKET

The introduction of internet auction has significantly widened the pool of consumers who participate in auctions and increased the number of companies attempting to sell their products in an auction format. Previous empirical research on auctions has focused almost exclusively on the behavior of professional bidders. In this study, we collect data on a large number of internet auctions to explore the outcome of the auction in a real marketplace. In particular, we focus on the characteristic of seller, auction parameter and the effect of supply and demand, and examine these impacts on auction effectiveness