The chromatic spectrum of 3-uniform bi-hypergraphs

Let $S=\{n_1,n_2,...,n_t\}$ be a finite set of positive integers with $\min(S)\geq 3$ and $t\geq 2$. For any positive integers $s_1,s_2,...,s_t$, we construct a family of 3-uniform bi-hypergraphs ${\cal H}$ with the feasible set $S$ and $r_{n_i}=s_i, i=1,2,...,t$, where each $r_{n_i}$ is the $n_i$th component of the chromatic spectrum of ${\cal H}$. As a result, we solve one open problem for 3-uniform bi-hypergraphs proposed by Bujt\'{a}s and Tuza in 2008. Moreover, we find a family of sub-hypergraphs with the same feasible set and the same chromatic spectrum as it's own. In particular, we obtain a small upper bound on the minimum number of vertices in 3-uniform bi-hypergraphs with any given feasible set

A note on the least number of edges of 3-uniform hypergraphs with upper chromatic number 2

AbstractThe upper chromatic number χ¯(H) of a hypergraph H=(X,E) is the maximum number k for which there exists a partition of X into non-empty subsets X=X1∪X2∪⋯∪Xk such that for each edge at least two vertices lie in one of the partite sets. We prove that for every n⩾3 there exists a 3-uniform hypergraph with n vertices, upper chromatic number 2 and ⌈n(n-2)/3⌉ edges which implies that a corresponding bound proved in [K. Diao, P. Zhao, H. Zhou, About the upper chromatic number of a co-hypergraph, Discrete Math. 220 (2000) 67–73] is best-possible

The effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein combined with adriamycin on the proliferation of Eca-109 cell line

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to identify the affect on the proliferation Eca-109 cells treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) combined with adriamycin (ADM).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eca-109 cell were cultured in the presence of oxLDL/ADM, and cell proliferation tested by MTT and cell apoptosis was monitored by the proportion of apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytomester. We simultaneously evaluated the level of associated- apoptosis Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 gene mRNA and protein.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>OxLDL were cytotoxic and activate apoptosis. OxLDL combined with ADM significant enhanced the proportion rate of apoptosis on a time and dose dependency. The expressions of the inhibiting apoptosis Bcl-2 gene mRNA and protein were down regulated, whereas, the expressions of the promoting apoptosis Bax, and Caspase-3 genes mRNA and protein were up regulation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results suggested that oxLDL have cytotoxicity and activate apoptosis on the Eca-109 cells. OxLDL combined with ADM have a synergistic effect on the apoptosis induced Eca-109 cells. Furthermore, oxLDL may contribute to the improvement of clinical chemotherapy of cancer need to make further investigation.</p

Thermal analysis models of deep borehole heat exchangers

With the advantages of much less land demand and higher temperature available, the deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) gets down to a depth of 1000-3000 m below the ground surface, and provides a new variance of ground-coupled heat pump systems especially for applications in cold-climate regions. Coaxial tubes, instead of U-tubes, are usually used in DBHEs. Two models are presented for DBHE thermal analysis in this paper. One follows the traditional approach based on analytical solutions and the concept of the effective borehole thermal resistance for the boreholes with coaxial tubes. The other is a numerical simulation scheme based on the FDM which takes the geothermal gradient into account. The latter features much higher efficiency in computation than most commercially-available software toolkits based on FEM. The performance of DBHEs is then assessed with parameter analyses

Efficacy and Affecting Factors of 131I Thyroid Remnant Ablation After Surgical Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Purpose: Radioiodine (131I) thyroid remnant ablation is an important treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and various factors affecting its efficacy have been reported but not well defined. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and the affecting factors of 131I ablation after total or near-total thyroidectomy in a relative large DTC cohort.Methods: 261 DTC patients with negative thyroglobulin antibody received 100–200 mCi 131I for thyroid remnant ablation after total or near-total thyroidectomy between January 2012 and October 2015 in our hospital. The efficacy and affecting factors of 131I ablation therapy were retrospectively investigated.Results: The success rate of the first 131I thyroid remnant ablation was 65.90%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that larger tumor size, higher level of pre-ablation stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg), intermediate to high risk stratification for recurrence, and lymph node and distant metastases were associated with a lower success rate of the first 131I ablation (all p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size, pre-ablation sTg, and lymph node and distant metastases were independent factors affecting the efficacy of the first 131I ablation. Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for sTg, sTg/TSH ratio, and tumor size to predict unsuccessful ablation were 0.831, 0.824, and 0.648, respectively. The threshold values were 4.595 ng/ml, 0.046 mg/IU, and 1.350 cm, respectively. The sensitivities were 95.51, 96.63, and 73.03% and the specificities were 64.54, 61.63, and 49.41%, respectively. The excellent response (ER) ratio of the successful group was significantly higher than that of the unsuccessful group.Conclusions: The efficacy of the first 131I thyroid remnant ablation after surgical treatment of DTC is well demonstrated, and tumor size, pre-ablation sTg, lymph node, and distant metastases are independent factors affecting its efficacy