179 research outputs found

    Le centre hospitalier universitaire québécois face aux changements technologiques : mieux planifier par l'évaluation

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    Peu de recherches se sont penchĂ©es sur la planification architecturale des centres hospitaliers universitaires (CHU) face aux changements dans les technologies et modes d'intervention en santĂ©. Au-delĂ  de ce constat, aucune Ă©tude quĂ©bĂ©coise traitant de ce sujet n'a encore Ă©tĂ© recensĂ©e. La prĂ©sente recherche s'intĂ©resse aux impacts immobiliers de l'introduction de quatre nouvelles technologies dans trois CHU quĂ©bĂ©cois. Le but est de proposer des pistes pour mieux planifier les environnements pouvant accommoder les changements technologiques dans le temps Ă  partir des connaissances issues de diffĂ©rents modes d'Ă©valuation. Cette recherche procĂšde par Ă©tude de cas analysant quatre situations d'installation de nouvelles technologies : des appareils d'imagerie mĂ©dicale (IRM et camĂ©ra TÉP/TDM), de nouvelles chirurgies valvulaires minimalement invasives et des nouvelles technologies d'information et de communication. Les situations Ă©tudiĂ©es relĂšvent de L'HĂŽtel-Dieu de QuĂ©bec, de l'Institut de cardiologie de MontrĂ©al et de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuĂ©bec. Les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vĂšlent que les difficultĂ©s d'installation des nouvelles technologies dans les CHU sont multiples : retards dans la livraison des projets, coupures de services, dĂ©suĂ©tude fonctionnelle et technologique progressive, multiples changements de programmes en cours de chantier, dĂ©passements budgĂ©taires, problĂšmes de financement et autres contraintes. Cela dit, les pistes d'amĂ©lioration sont bien tangibles. Entre autres, la prĂ©sente recherche propose l'inclusion des facteurs immobiliers dans l'Ă©valuation des nouvelles technologies et des modes d'intervention en santĂ©, cette approche scientifique interdisciplinaire Ă©tant dĂ©jĂ  implantĂ©e dans plusieurs paliers du rĂ©seau de la santĂ©. Elle suggĂšre d'enrichir cette approche en introduisant une pratique evaluative dĂ©veloppĂ©e par les architectes, l'Ă©valuation post-occupation. Elle propose Ă©galement d'utiliser les rĂ©sultats d'Ă©valuation des nouvelles technologies pour alimenter le processus de planification stratĂ©gique du CHU et d'appliquer diffĂ©rentes stratĂ©gies d'adaptabilitĂ© aux secteurs susceptibles de connaĂźtre de multiples changements. À terme, les rĂ©sultats d'Ă©valuation doivent alimenter un cadre normatif et ĂȘtre diffusĂ©s sur une plate-forme commune pour amĂ©liorer la planification des projets de rĂ©novation et de construction d'hĂŽpitaux

    Introduction

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    Le slogan fĂ©ministe des annĂ©es 1970 « Un enfant quand je veux, si je veux » rĂ©sonne encore aujourd’hui. Il pose la question de la libertĂ© de choix dans l’espacement des naissances, dans la dĂ©cision des femmes d’ĂȘtre mĂšre. Il interroge peu le choix de ne pas ĂȘtre mĂšre. Pourtant, elles sont nombreuses Ă  avoir fait le choix d’une vie sans enfant. Face Ă  « l’évidence du naturel », devant l’injonction moderne au dĂ©sir d’enfant, ces femmes sont souvent qualifiĂ©es de dĂ©viantes, d’anormales, d’égoĂŻstes.Ce numĂ©ro de Sextant interroge ces mouvements et ces dĂ©bats autour de la non-maternitĂ©, en dĂ©finit les contours et interroge le passĂ© afin de mieux cerner les questionnements actuels. Que signifie ne pas ĂȘtre mĂšre aujourd’hui ? Quels jalons et Ă©vĂ©nĂ©ments ont rendu ce choix possible dans la sociĂ©tĂ© d’aujourd’hui ?The feminist slogan of the 1970s “A child when I want, if I want” still resonates today. It raises the question of freedom of choice in the spacing of births, in women’s decision to be mothers. But it hardly touches on the choice not to be a mother. Yet many women have chosen a life without children. Faced with the 'evidence of nature’ and the modern injunction to want children, these women are often described as deviant, abnormal, or selfish.This issue of Sextant looks at the movements and debates around non-motherhood, defining its contours, and examining the past in order to gain a better understanding of present-day issues. What does it mean not to be a mother today? What milestones and events have made this choice possible in today’s society

    Long term aging effect on the creep strength of the T92 steel

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    International audienceCreep strength loss of T92 steel after long-term creep exposure at 600°C and 650°C is partially due to a thermal aging of the steel during the first part of the test. In order to quantify the effect of long-term aging on the creep strength loss, creep tests were conducted at 600 and 650°C on T92 steel thermally aged for 10,000h at the same temperature and on as-received T92 steel. Laves phases precipitates were found after thermal aging at 600°C and 650°C with an average equivalent diameter of about 200nm and of about 350nm, respectively. No significant change in hardness and in the matrix substructure as revealed by electron backscatter diffraction occurred during aging. For stresses higher than 170MPa at 600°C and higher than 110MPa at 650°C the time to rupture is four times lower in the aged steels compared to the as-received steel, this is correlated to a secondary creep rate four times higher for the aged specimens compared to that of the as-received steel. Creep tests conducted at 650°C under lower stresses revealed a creep lifetime only twice lower after aging

    Calibration Uncertainty of Non-Catching Precipitation Gauges

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    Precipitation is among the most important meteorological variables for, e.g., meteorological, hydrological, water management and climate studies. In recent years, non-catching precipitation gauges are increasingly adopted in meteorological networks. Despite such growing diffusion, calibration procedures and associated uncertainty budget are not yet standardized or prescribed in best practice documents and standards. This paper reports a metrological study aimed at proposing calibration procedures and completing the uncertainty budgets, to make non-catching precipitation gauge measurements traceable to primary standards. The study is based on the preliminary characterization of different rain drop generators, specifically developed for the investigation. Characterization of different models of non-catching rain gauges is also included

    Le partenariat au service de l’évaluation des projets d’éducation relative Ă  l’environnement

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    Évaluer des projets d’éducation relative Ă  l’environnement (ErE) avec tous les acteurs concernĂ©s et impliquĂ©s dans le projet, est-ce seulement une utopie de chercheurs ? À travers l’analyse de deux expĂ©riences, cet article cherche Ă  dĂ©montrer la cohĂ©rence d’un partenariat dans l’évaluation de projets avec les objectifs poursuivis par l’ErE. Il prĂ©cise le terme « partenariat », analyse les avantages vĂ©cus et prĂ©cise les problĂšmes rencontrĂ©s lors d’évaluations menĂ©es Ă  plusieurs selon les types de projets d’ErE et selon les moments de l’action. Un ensemble de questions est proposĂ©, questions que tout praticien pourra se poser avant de se lancer dans une telle dĂ©marche aussi riche que complexe.Is it a researchers’ utopia to evaluate environmental education (EE) projects with all concerned and involved actors ? This paper, through the analysis of two experiences, aims to demonstrate the coherence of partnership in the evaluation of projects, with the pursuit of EE objectives. This paper also defines the term “partnership”, analyses the advantages experienced and details the problems encountered in evaluations conducted in a collaborative process, according to the types of EE projects and the moments of action. A series of questions is proposed which questions all practitioners may ask themselves before getting involved in such a rich and complex process

    Quality of life of long-term childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors:Comparison with healthy controls

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    peer reviewed[en] OBJECTIVE: Improved treatment landscape has led to better outcomes for paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors. As the number of survivors increase, we need to elucidate the long-term quality of life (QoL) and domains of complaints in these patients. Furthermore, the main priorities of these patients need to be clarified. We assessed long-term QoL outcomes of survivors of childhood ALL compared to matched population controls. METHODS: QoL data were collected from survivors recruited in France and Belgium between 2012 and 2017, including the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and the Quality of Life Systemic Inventory (QLSI). The Wilcoxon test was used to compare SF-12 scale scores between survivors and matched population controls. For the QLSI, comparisons were mainly descriptive. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-six survivors (mean age: 27.6 years; range: 18.1-52.8) at follow-up completed QoL measures, amongst whom 180 were matched to controls. Overall, survivors had higher QoL on all SF12 scale scores, indicating that they had better functioning compared to controls. Statistically significant differences on the SF12 were observed for Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Limitations due to Emotional Problems and Mental Health scales. QLSI outcomes suggested that survivors were happier than controls with Couple and Social Relations. Controls were unhappiest compared to survivors with Money, Love life, Self-esteem, Nutrition and Paid Work. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that survivors of childhood ALL have better QoL outcomes on some domains compared to the general population, specifically around social and emotional functioning, and that they tend to prioritize their relationships more. Interventions for improving QoL outcomes, might build on existing positive experiences with family, friends and partners
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