Emergency condition of the operation of a non-symmetric tundish

The aim of the research was to analyze the influence of the flow behavior of liquid steel in a three-strand, asymmetric tundish when not all outlet openings are working. This problem was solved through physical modeling. The tests were carried out with the use of the water model of the continuous casting (CC) machine equipped with an asymmetrical, three-strand tundish model, made on a reducing scale. Modelling research concerned casting 110 x 110 mm square ingots. The obtained results of visualization tests and resistance time distribution (RTD) characteristics (F type) allowed to determine the method of mixing the steel (changes in mixing intensity were estimated) for the analyzed experimental variants

Influence of casting rate on the mixing process of steel in non-symmetric tundish

The article presents the results of research aimed at determining the nature of changes in the mixing of liquid steel in asymmetrical tundish due to the increase in casting speed and the possibility of limiting the use of Flow Control Devices (FCD). The tests were carried out on the water model of the Continuous Steel Casting (CSC) device equipped with the tundish model. Four variants of casting speed were analyzed. The analysis of the obtained results was divided into two stages: qualitative analysis of flow and mixing (visualization process) and quantitative analysis of flow and mixing (by analysis of mixing curves - Residence Time Distribution (RTD) type F)

The process of dissolving solid lump carbonaceous fuel (SLCF) in the oxygen converter - physical modeling

The article presents the results of modeling research of hydrodynamic phenomena occurring in the oxygen converter during the addition of SLCF while blowing the liquid bath. The water physical model of the oxygen converter was used for the research. The oxygen lance of the model was equipped with a head with five nozzles at an angle to the lance axis. The research was aimed at determining the most favorable process parameters for the use of lump fuel in the oxygen converter

Modified froude criterion in modeling two-phase flows in a steel ladle

The dominant dynamic similarity criterion in the modelling of two-phase flows in steel metallurgy is the modified Froude (Fr) criterion. Modifications of this criterion, depending on the purpose of the research, may take various forms. The article presents the results of experiments carried out with the application of the steel ladle water model, with the use of various modifications of Froude criterion. The results obtained allow for the classification of the tested modifications from the perspective of the research objectives

Influence of casting rate on the mixing process of steel in non-symmetric tundish

The article presents the results of research aimed at determining the nature of changes in the mixing of liquid steel in asymmetrical tundish due to the increase in casting speed and the possibility of limiting the use of Flow Control Devices (FCD). The tests were carried out on the water model of the Continuous Steel Casting (CSC) device equipped with the tundish model. Four variants of casting speed were analyzed. The analysis of the obtained results was divided into two stages: qualitative analysis of flow and mixing (visualization process) and quantitative analysis of flow and mixing (by analysis of mixing curves - Residence Time Distribution (RTD) type F)

Modified froude criterion in modeling two-phase flows in a steel ladle

The dominant dynamic similarity criterion in the modelling of two-phase flows in steel metallurgy is the modified Froude (Fr) criterion. Modifications of this criterion, depending on the purpose of the research, may take various forms. The article presents the results of experiments carried out with the application of the steel ladle water model, with the use of various modifications of Froude criterion. The results obtained allow for the classification of the tested modifications from the perspective of the research objectives

Physical modelling of the process of mixing liquid metal in a tundish blown by gas

The article presents results of physical modelling of phenomena occurring during the process of blowing steel by inert gases. The aim of the research was to determine the optimal ceramic material for the porous plugs. Three different materials varying in porosity were tested. Water model of industrial tundish with nominal capacity 320 Mg was used in research. This model was made at 1:10 geometrical scale. Results of the research were presented graphically in the form of Resistance Time Distribution (RTD) curves and graphs of mixing efficiency for particular ceramic materials

Modelling of hydrodynamic phenomena occurring in refining ladles for high-carbon Fe-Si alloys

This paper presents the results of research conducted with the use of water physical model of refining ladle for production of high-carbon FeSi alloys. The purpose of the research was to determine the possibilities to enhance the efficiency of the production process by using combined gas injection into the bath. The research involved analysis of four variants of the experiment. Those variants varied in terms of the location of a purging plug fitted in the model bottom and the application of immersion lance to support the process. The research involved the analysis of changes in the hydrodynamic effects in the ladle model occurring as a result of the gas injection. The tests consisted in a qualitative analysis (process visualisation) in order to identify the movement of the modelling liquid and the mechanism of gas bubbles behaviour in the liquid

Analysis of residence time distribution (RTD) curves for t-type tundish equipped in flow control devices: physical modelling

The article presents results of physical modelling of the steel continuous casting process in the tundish. Technological parameters of casting and constructive parameters of tundish were under study. Three different kinds of flow control devices were considered as well as their influence on the kinetics of steel flow and mixing in tundish. Created physical model enabled to conduct simultaneously visualization research and determine the RTD curves. According to the theory of flow in reactors the proper characteristics for estimating the flow are RTD curves E- and F-type, and they were obtained and discussed

Numeričko modeliranje protjecanja metala u međuloncu sa šest žila pomoću različitih uređaja za kontrolu protjecanja

Numerical modelling have been extensively used to study the fluid flow phenomena taking place in continuous casting tundish. The paper presents the results of steel flow researches done on tundishs with a capacity of 22 Mg, with different flow control devices. The tundish is a “trough”-type designed for the continuous casting of slabs intended for small cross-section rolled products. In effect of mathematical calculations liquid steel velocity, turbulence intensity, turbulent kinetic energy and temperature distributions have been obtained. Calculations were passed by commercial computer program FLUENT.Numeričko modeliranje široko se primjenjuje za proučavanje fenomena protjecanja fluida koji se odvija u međuloncu uređaja za kontinuirano lijevanje. U članku su prezentirani rezultati istraživanja protjecanja čelika u međuloncima kapaciteta 22 Mg, s različitim uređajima za kontrolu protjecanja. Međulonac je "koritastog" tipa, a namijenjen je za kontinuirano lijevanje slabova za valjane proizvode malog poprečnog presjeka. Matematičkim proračunima dobije se brzina tekućeg čelika, intenzitet turbulencije, turbulentna kinetička energija i temperaturna raspodjela. Proračuni su provedeni na komercijalnom računalnom programu FLUENT