Efectos hormonales sobre la viabilidad y el metabolismo de los cardiomiocitos : hormona de crecimiento y adiponectina

La relevancia de los cardiomiocitos como tipo celular radica en su organización estructural. Esta organización les va a permitir desarrollar su función principal, la contracción, capaz de mantener el ritmo cardíaco. En este hecho es determinante el papel del citoesqueleto. El citoesqueleto se refiere al conjunto de proteínas fibrosas que están en el citoplasma celular proporcionando a la célula firmeza y rigidez, y controlando el movimiento que se produce dentro de las mismas (Roberts R. 2000). El citoesqueleto del cardiomiocito proporciona el soporte necesario para la colocación ordenada de las sarcómeras, tanto en el músculo cardíaco estriado como en el esquelético

Analysis of a Real-World Cohort of Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Shows Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters (CTC-clusters) as Predictors of Patient Outcomes

Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration has emerged as a powerful biomarker for the assessment of prognosis and the response to treatment in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Moreover, clinical evidences show that CTC-cluster counts add prognostic information to CTC enumeration, however, their significance is not well understood, and more clinical evidences are needed. We aim to evaluate the prognostic value of longitudinally collected single CTCs and CTC-clusters in a heterogeneous real-world cohort of 54 MBC patients. Blood samples were longitudinally collected at baseline and follow up. CTC and CTC-cluster enumeration was performed using the CellSearch® system. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards modelling. Elevated CTC counts and CTC-clusters at baseline were significantly associated with a shorter survival time. In joint analysis, patients with high CTC counts and CTC-cluster at baseline were at a higher risk of progression and death, and longitudinal analysis showed that patients with CTC-clusters had significantly shorter survival compared to patients without clusters. Moreover, patients with CTC-cluster of a larger size were at a higher risk of death. A longitudinal analysis of a real-world cohort of MBC patients indicates that CTC-clusters analysis provides additional prognostic value to single CTC enumeration, and that CTC-cluster size correlates with patient outcomeThis research was supported by Roche-Chus Joint Unit (IN853B 2018/03), funded by Axencia Galega de Innovación (GAIN), Consellería de Economía, Emprego e Industria and by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and FEDER (PI13/01388). L.M.-R. is supported by Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC). I.M.-P. is funded by the Training Program for Academic Staff fellowship (FPU16/01018), from the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, Spanish GovernmentS

Una revisión sistemática de las recomendaciones diagnósticas y terapéuticas del panel de expertos en cáncer de origen desconocido

Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is a metastatic cancer with confirmed histology of which the primary origin is unknown after to work up initial evaluation through a pathological clinical study, the analytical and imaging study. The diagnostic process includes the early obtaining of quality biopsy material. It includes its histological and immunohistochemical analysis: a study to determine the tumor line, an analysis of cytokeratins and a large battery of antibodies to confirm the specific origin of each possible tumor type. The development of molecular platforms has allowed improving the diagnosis of CUP, increasing the number of patients who can benefit from treatment with specific therapy, significantly increasing the survival and reducing the toxicity. However, the updated guidelines (NICE, ESMO, NCCN) emphasize that the impact on the clinical benefit of the specific treatment according to the results of the molecular platforms is still controversial.El Cáncer de Origen Desconocido (COD) es un cáncer metastásico con histología confirmada del cual se desconoce el origen primario después de realizar un estudio diagnóstico inicial mediante el estudio clínico patológico, el estudio analítico y de imagen. El estudio diagnóstico incluye la obtención precoz de material de biopsia de calidad. Incluye su análisis histológico e inmunohistoquímico: un estudio para determinar la estirpe tumoral, análisis de citoqueratinas y una batería amplia de anticuerpos para confirmar el origen específico. El desarrollo de plataformas moleculares ha mejorado su diagnóstico, incrementando el número de pacientes que se benefician del tratamiento con terapia específica, aumentando su supervivencia y reduciendo la toxicidad. Sin embargo, las guías actualizadas (NICE, ESMO, NCCN) destacan que el impacto en el beneficio clínico del tratamiento específico según los resultados de las plataformas moleculares es todavía controvertido