40 research outputs found
Biological control networks suggest the use of biomimetic sets for combinatorial therapies
Cells are regulated by networks of controllers having many targets, and
targets affected by many controllers, but these "many-to-many" combinatorial
control systems are poorly understood. Here we analyze distinct cellular
networks (transcription factors, microRNAs, and protein kinases) and a
drug-target network. Certain network properties seem universal across systems
and species, suggesting the existence of common control strategies in biology.
The number of controllers is ~8% of targets and the density of links is 2.5%
\pm 1.2%. Links per node are predominantly exponentially distributed, implying
conservation of the average, which we explain using a mathematical model of
robustness in control networks. These findings suggest that optimal
pharmacological strategies may benefit from a similar, many-to-many
combinatorial structure, and molecular tools are available to test this
approach.Comment: 33 page
Unlocking the SingleāDomain Epitaxy of Halide Perovskites
The growth of epitaxial semiconductors and oxides has long since revolutionized the electronics and optics fields, and continues to be exploited to uncover new physics stemming from quantum interactions. While the recent emergence of halide perovskites offers exciting new opportunities for a range of thināfilm electronics, the principles of epitaxy have yet to be applied to this new class of materials and the full potential of these materials is still not yet known. In this work, singleādomain inorganic halide perovskite epitaxy is demonstrated. This is enabled by reactive vapor phase deposition onto single crystal metal halide substrates with congruent ionic interactions. For the archetypical halide perovskite, cesium tin bromide, two epitaxial phases, a cubic phase and tetragonal phase, are uncovered which emerge via stoichiometry control that are both stabilized with vastly differing lattice constants and accommodated via epitaxial rotation. This epitaxial growth is exploited to demonstrate multilayer 2D quantum wells of a halideāperovskite system. This work ultimately unlocks new routes to push halide perovskites to their full potential.Singleādomain halide perovskite heteroepitaxy is demonstrated and multiple epitaxial phases of archetypical halide perovskite are uncovered via stiochiometry control. The epitaxial growth is further exploited to demonstrate multilayer 2D quantum wells of a halideāperovskite system and can ultimately enable their full potential in many emerging applications.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140019/1/admi201701003-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140019/2/admi201701003_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140019/3/admi201701003.pd
Comparison of Connectivity and Rigidity Percolation
Connectivity percolation has devotees in mathematics, in physics and in... In this paper, we discuss (Section 2) ideas which apply to connectivity and rigidity percolation on diluted lattices. In Section 3, we discuss and compare the specific case of connectivity and rigidity percolation on trees. In Section 4 we summarize the matching algorithms which may be used to find the percolating cluster in both connectivity and rigidity cases. The behavior in the connectivity and rigidity cases on site diluted triangular lattices is then compared. Section 5 contains a summary and discussion of the similarities and differences between connectivity and rigidity percolation in more general terms