22 research outputs found
The usage of hypoallergenic cosmetics in patients with atopic dermatitis
The aim of this study was to investigate how many patients with atopic dermatitis applied hypoallergenic cosmetics compared with topical corticosteroids. The study included 41 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) who were treated from June 1 to July 1, 2017 at the Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Clinical Hospital Mostar. According to the data analyzed, 46.34% of patients used hypoallergenic cosmetics while 24.39% used them periodically. 32.7% patients used topical corticosteroids and 17.07 % used them periodically. 19.51 % of the patients with atopic dermatitis used alternative products, while 17.07% used them periodically. Out of the total number of patients, most of the patients used neutral products. 78.05% used neutral cosmetic products, and 19.51 % used them periodically. 65.85 % patients used sunscreens and 24.40 % used them periodically. The majority of patients used neutral cosmetic products and sunscreens. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of the use hypoallergenic cosmetics compared with topical corticosteroids (Ļ2 = 1.802; df = 2; P=0.405). Women used sunscreens more often (Ļ2 = 16,02; df = 1; p = <0,05).Ā </p
Ageing Affects Thymopoiesis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Development in a Strain-Dependent Manner
INTRODUCTION: Considering significance of mechanisms of central tolerance for development of autoimmune diseases, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and suppressive influence of circulating proinflammatory cytokines and alterations in brain-thymus communication, characteristic for the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases, on thymopoiesis, the study interogated putative strain-based thymus-related specificities relevant for the opposite effects of ageing on susceptibility of Dark Agouti (DA) and Albino Oxford (AO) rats to EAE. METHODS: Quantitative and qualitative changes in thymopoiesis including underlying mechanisms were examined using flow cytometry and RT-qPCR quantification of mRNAs for molecules relevant for integrity of stroma and T-cell development, respectively. RESULTS: With ageing, differently from DA rats, in AO rats the surface density of CD90, a negative regulator of selection threshold, on thymocytes undergoing lineage commitment was upregulated (consistent with TGF-Ī² expression downregulation), whereas the generation of natural CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (nTregs) was impaired reflecting differences in thymic expression of cytokines supporting their development. Additionally, specifically in old AO rats, in whom EAE development depends on IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells, their thymic differentiation was augmented, reflecting augmented thymic IL-4 expression. In turn, differently from old DA rats developing self-limiting EAE, in age-matched AO rats developing EAE of prolonged duration, EAE development led to impaired generation of nTregs and accumulation of proinflammatory, cytotoxic CD28-CD4+ T cells in the periphery. DISCUSSION: The study indicates that strain differences in age-related changes in the efficacy of central tolerance, in addition to enhanced thymic generation of CD8+ T cells prone to differentiate into IL-17-producing cells, could partly explain the opposite effect of ageing on DA and AO rat susceptibility to EAE induction. Additionally, it suggested that EAE development leading to a less efficient thymic output of CD4+ cells and nTregs in old AO rats than their DA counterparts could contribute to prolonged EAE duration in AO compared with DA rats. CONCLUSION: The study warns to caution when designing therapeutic interventions to enhance thymic activity in genetically diverse populations, e.g., humans, and interpreting their outcomes. Furthermore, it indicates that CNS autoimmune pathology may additionally worsen thymic involution and age-related immune changes
Thymic changes as a contributing factor in the increased susceptibility of old Albino Oxford rats to EAE development
The study was aimed to examine putative contribution of thymic involution to ageing-associated increase in susceptibility of Albino Oxford (AO) rats to the development of clinical EAE, and vice versa influence of the disease on the progression of thymic involution. To this end we examined (i) the parameters of thymocyte negative selection efficacy, the thymic generation of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) and thymic capacity to instruct/predetermine IL-17-producing T-cell differentiation, and thymopietic efficacy-associated accumulation of āinflammescentā cytotoxic CD28- T cells in the periphery, and (ii) the key underlying mechanisms in young and old non-immunised AO rats and their counterparts immunised for EAE (on the 16th day post-immunisation when the disease in old rats reached the plateau) using flow cytometry analysis and/or RT-qPCR. It was found that thymic involution impairs: (i) the efficacy of negative selection (by affecting thymocyte expression of CD90, negative regulator of selection threshold and the expression of thymic stromal cell integrity factors) and (ii) Treg generation (by diminishing expression of cytokines supporting their differentiation/maturation). Additionally, the results suggest that thymic involution facilitates CD8+ T-cell differentiation into IL-17-producing cells (previously linked to the development of clinical EAE in old AO rats). Furthermore, they confirmed that ageing-related decrease in thymic T-cell output (as indicated by diminished frequency of recent thymic emigrants in peripheral blood) resulted in the accumulation of CD28- T cells in peripheral blood and, upon immunisation, in the target organ. On the other hand, the development of EAE (most likely by increasing circulatory levels of proinflammatory cytokines) contributed to the decline in thymic output of T cells, including Tregs, and thereby to the progression/maintenance of clinical EAE. Thus, in AO rats thymic involution via multi-layered mechanisms may favour the development of clinically manifested autoimmunity, which, in turn, precipitates the thymus atrophy
THE ROLE OF SITUATIONAL FACTORS IN A PURCHASE DECISION MAKING PROCES OF CONSUMERS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Prema podacima Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (WHO) iz 2021. godine u svijetu postoje najmanje 2,2 milijarde osoba s oÅ”teÄenjima vida, a oko 40 milijuna osoba je slijepo. Podaci Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo iz 2021. godine ukazuju da na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske živi oko 19.000 osoba s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. S obzirom na rast ove populacije važno je prouÄiti kako isti kupuju proizvode ili usluge, odnosno kako razliÄiti Äimbenici djeluju na njihovu kupovnu odluku. Upravo iz tog razloga predmet ovog rada je uloga specifiÄnih Äimbenika ponaÅ”anja potroÅ”aÄa koji se nazivaju situacijski Äimbenici u kupovnoj odluci slijepih i slabovidnih osoba kao specifiÄne skupine potroÅ”aÄa. Cilj rada je istražiti ulogu situacijskih Äimbenika u donoÅ”enju kupovne odluke kod potroÅ”aÄa s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. U svrhu ispunjena postavljenog cilja diplomskog rada provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje putem tri fokus grupe s ukupno 22 ispitanika s oÅ”teÄenjem vida koji žive i kupuju na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako situacijski Äimbenici poput lokacija i ureÄenja prodavaonice, glazbe, boje i gužve, drugih kupaca, odnosno zaposlenika i pratnje kupca s oÅ”teÄenjem vida, ali i vremena te cilja povezanog s ponaÅ”anjem potroÅ”aÄa kao i uvjeta kupnje poput gladi i umora imaju važnu ulogu kod odluke o kupnji potroÅ”aÄa s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. Drugim rijeÄima, rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su veÄinu rezultata do sada provedenih istraživanja, uz zakljuÄak kako je potroÅ”aÄima s oÅ”teÄenjem vida potrebno viÅ”e vremena za nabavu proizvoda te kako su isti ovisni o drugim osobama bez oÅ”teÄenja vida prilikom kupnje. Nedostatkom osjeta vida razvijenija su druga osjetila poput sluha i njuha te opipa Å”to kupci s oÅ”teÄenjima vida koriste u procesu kupnje. Zbog nedostatka vida odreÄeni situacijski Äimbenici poput boja i ureÄenja prodavaonice nemaju utjecaj kao na potroÅ”aÄe bez oÅ”teÄenja vida. Odnosno ovi Äimbenici istraživanu skupinu potroÅ”aÄa neÄe potaknuti da odaberu odreÄenu prodavaonicu ili neki proizvod. No, interijer, toÄnije raspored namjeÅ”taja u prodavaonicama utjeÄe na lakoÄu kretanje Å”to otežava kupnju baÅ” kao i preglasna glazba, dok ih neugodni mirisi potiÄu da Å”to prije zavrÅ”e svoju kupnju. Drugi kupci, kao i pratnja bez oÅ”teÄenja vida te zaposlenici prodavaonica su kljuÄni za ovu skupinu potroÅ”aÄa prilikom kretanja i odabira proizvoda, a lokacija prodavaonice kod veÄine ispitanika nije presudna, ali ipak kupnju obavljaju u prodavaonicama u blizini mjesta stanovanja.There are at least 2,2 billion people in the world with vision impairments and about 40 million people are blind according to WHO data from 2021. In 2021, the data from the Croatian Public Health Institution suggested that about 19.000 people with vision impairment live in Croatia. In view of the growth of this population, it is important to study how they purchase products or services and how different factors affect their purchasing decision. This paper examines the role of specific consumer behavior factors called situational factors. The aim of this work is to explore the role of different situational factors on the purchasing decision of consumers with visual impairments. A qualitative study was carried out in the form of a focus group for the purpose of fulfilling the objective of this thesis. Three focus groups have been carried out with a total of 22 respondents living and purchasing on the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Research findings have shown that situational factors such as the location and interior of shops, music, colors, crowd, other customers, assistants, and employees, time and goal linked to consumer behavior as well as terms of purchase such as hunger and tiredness affect the purchasing decision of consumers with visual impairment. The results of the research confirmed most of the results from previous research. The conclusion is that consumers with visual impairments need more time to purchase and that they are dependent on persons without visual impairments. The lack of vision is replaced with more developed senses like hearing, smell, and touch which consumers with visual impairment use in the purchasing process while selecting products. Due to lack of vision, certain situational factors such as color, and interior design have no impact on consumers with visual impairment. These factors will not encourage consumers with visual impairment to choose a particular shop or specific product. On the other hand, the interior or specifically the layout of furniture in the store, affects the ease of movement which makes it difficult to buy just as the loud music does. Furthermore, unpleasant smells urges them to finish their buying process as soon as possible. Other customers, assistants, and employees are essential for this group of consumers in the movement and selection of products. The location of the store in the majority is not decisive, but they buy in shops the place of residence
Depressioninchildhoodandadolescence
Cilj ovog rada bio je kroz pregled literature istražiti pojavu depresivnosti kod djece i
adolescenata. Kroz rad su navedeni glavni simptomi depresije u djece i
adolescenata,kao manje ozbiljni oblici problema s kojima se susreÄu svi ljudi u
nekom periodu života, ali i znakovi ozbiljnijeg depresivnog sindroma i u konaÄnici
depresivnog poremeÄaja. TakoÄer, istraženi su glavnizaÅ”titni i riziÄni Äimbenici, od
osobnih, preko obiteljskih, do Ŕire druŔtvene okoline, koji mogu utjecati na pojavu
depresivnosti kod djece i adolescenata. Na kraju je naveden znaÄaj prevencije u
zaŔtiti djece i adolesceata od pojave i ponavljanja depresije.
Kroz rad je utvrÄeno kako se simptomi depresije razlikuju s obzirom na spol djeteta i
adolescenta, te ih je zbog toga ponekad teÅ”ko prepoznati. TakoÄer, utvrÄeno je kako
ranije javljanje velikih depresivnih epizoda u mlaÄoj dobi ima veliki rizik od
nastavka depresije u kasnijem životu. Nadalje, pronaÄeni su brojni riziÄni i zaÅ”titni
Äimbenici na osobnoj, obiteljskoj i razini Å”kole i Å”ireg okruženja, Äiji je utjecaj
potrebno pažljivo opažati zbog neposrednog utjecaja na razvoj depresije.Theaimofthisstudywas to reviewthe literature to
investigatetheoccurrenceofdepressioninchildrenandadolescents. Throughthe work
are listedthemainsymptomsofdepressioninchildrenandadolescents,
likelesssevereformsoftheproblemsfacedby all people at some pointintheirlives, but
alsosignsofseriousdepressivesyndromeand,ultimately,depressivedisorder.
Alsoweexploredthemainprotectiveandriskfactors, fromthe personal to
thefamily,overthewidersocialenvironment, whichmay influence
theoccurrenceofdepressioninchildrenandadolescents. At theendis
shownimportanceofpreventioninchildhoodandadolescencefromappearanceandrepetit
ionofdepresion.
Throughthe work hasestablishedthatthesymptomsofdepressionare differentregard to
thesexofthechildand adolescent, andit is thereforesometimesdifficult to
recognizethem. Also, is fortified, that,earlydetectedmajor depressiveepisodes at a
young age has a highriskofcontinuingdepressioninlaterlife. Furthermore, there are
numerousriskandprotectivefactors at the personal,
familyandschoollevelandwiderenvironmentwhoseimpactshouldbecarefullyobservebec
auseofthedirectimpact on thedevelopmentofdepression
FAMILY FACTORS AND INTERNALIZED PROBLEMS AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE
Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati povezanost kvalitete razliÄitih oblika obiteljskih interakcija s pojavom depresivnosti i anksioznosti kod mladih. TakoÄer, istražene su i razlike u internaliziranim problemima s obzirom na spol, vrstu Å”kole i odreÄena sociodemografska obilježja. Rezultatima istraživanja utvrÄena je povezanost varijabli depresivnosti i anksioznosti s gotovo svim varijablama obiteljskog funkcioniranja. S druge strane, nisu utvrÄene razlike po spolu, dok su dobivene manje razlike s obzirom na vrstu Å”kole i sociodemografska obilježa. Iz rezultata istraživanja možemo zakljuÄiti kako je kod uoÄenih internaliziranih problema kod mladih, osim na ublažavanju ili otklanjanju njihovih posljedica potrebno raditi i na uzroku problema, koji, prema dobivenim rezultatima, može ležati u obiteljskom okruženju. Stoga je potrebno obratiti pažnju na funkcioniranje obitelji u viÅ”e razliÄitih podruÄja kako bi se mogla postiÄi kvalitetna promjena u djelovanju svakog pojedinog Älana obitelji, ali i obitelji kao cjeline. Na taj naÄin obitelj postaje zdrava osnova za rast i razvoj svakog pojedinca koji joj pripada.The aim purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the quality of various forms of family interaction with the occurrence of depression and anxiety in young people. Differences in internalized problems were also investigated with regard to gender, type of school and certain sociodemographic features. The results of the study identified the correlation between depression and anxiety variables with almost all variables of family functioning. On the other hand, gender differences were not found, while minor differences were obtained with regard to the type of school and socio-demographic characteristics. We can conclude from the results of the research that, in the case of the internalized problems faced by young people, apart from reduce or eliminating their consequences, it is necessary to work on the cause of the problem, which, according to the obtained results, can lie in the family environment. It is therefore necessary to pay attention to the functioning of the family in many different areas in order to achieve a qualitative change in the work of each member of the family, but also of the family as a whole. In this way, the family becomes a healthy base for the growth and development of each individual that belongs to it
THE ROLE OF SITUATIONAL FACTORS IN A PURCHASE DECISION MAKING PROCES OF CONSUMERS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Prema podacima Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (WHO) iz 2021. godine u svijetu postoje najmanje 2,2 milijarde osoba s oÅ”teÄenjima vida, a oko 40 milijuna osoba je slijepo. Podaci Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo iz 2021. godine ukazuju da na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske živi oko 19.000 osoba s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. S obzirom na rast ove populacije važno je prouÄiti kako isti kupuju proizvode ili usluge, odnosno kako razliÄiti Äimbenici djeluju na njihovu kupovnu odluku. Upravo iz tog razloga predmet ovog rada je uloga specifiÄnih Äimbenika ponaÅ”anja potroÅ”aÄa koji se nazivaju situacijski Äimbenici u kupovnoj odluci slijepih i slabovidnih osoba kao specifiÄne skupine potroÅ”aÄa. Cilj rada je istražiti ulogu situacijskih Äimbenika u donoÅ”enju kupovne odluke kod potroÅ”aÄa s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. U svrhu ispunjena postavljenog cilja diplomskog rada provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje putem tri fokus grupe s ukupno 22 ispitanika s oÅ”teÄenjem vida koji žive i kupuju na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako situacijski Äimbenici poput lokacija i ureÄenja prodavaonice, glazbe, boje i gužve, drugih kupaca, odnosno zaposlenika i pratnje kupca s oÅ”teÄenjem vida, ali i vremena te cilja povezanog s ponaÅ”anjem potroÅ”aÄa kao i uvjeta kupnje poput gladi i umora imaju važnu ulogu kod odluke o kupnji potroÅ”aÄa s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. Drugim rijeÄima, rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su veÄinu rezultata do sada provedenih istraživanja, uz zakljuÄak kako je potroÅ”aÄima s oÅ”teÄenjem vida potrebno viÅ”e vremena za nabavu proizvoda te kako su isti ovisni o drugim osobama bez oÅ”teÄenja vida prilikom kupnje. Nedostatkom osjeta vida razvijenija su druga osjetila poput sluha i njuha te opipa Å”to kupci s oÅ”teÄenjima vida koriste u procesu kupnje. Zbog nedostatka vida odreÄeni situacijski Äimbenici poput boja i ureÄenja prodavaonice nemaju utjecaj kao na potroÅ”aÄe bez oÅ”teÄenja vida. Odnosno ovi Äimbenici istraživanu skupinu potroÅ”aÄa neÄe potaknuti da odaberu odreÄenu prodavaonicu ili neki proizvod. No, interijer, toÄnije raspored namjeÅ”taja u prodavaonicama utjeÄe na lakoÄu kretanje Å”to otežava kupnju baÅ” kao i preglasna glazba, dok ih neugodni mirisi potiÄu da Å”to prije zavrÅ”e svoju kupnju. Drugi kupci, kao i pratnja bez oÅ”teÄenja vida te zaposlenici prodavaonica su kljuÄni za ovu skupinu potroÅ”aÄa prilikom kretanja i odabira proizvoda, a lokacija prodavaonice kod veÄine ispitanika nije presudna, ali ipak kupnju obavljaju u prodavaonicama u blizini mjesta stanovanja.There are at least 2,2 billion people in the world with vision impairments and about 40 million people are blind according to WHO data from 2021. In 2021, the data from the Croatian Public Health Institution suggested that about 19.000 people with vision impairment live in Croatia. In view of the growth of this population, it is important to study how they purchase products or services and how different factors affect their purchasing decision. This paper examines the role of specific consumer behavior factors called situational factors. The aim of this work is to explore the role of different situational factors on the purchasing decision of consumers with visual impairments. A qualitative study was carried out in the form of a focus group for the purpose of fulfilling the objective of this thesis. Three focus groups have been carried out with a total of 22 respondents living and purchasing on the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Research findings have shown that situational factors such as the location and interior of shops, music, colors, crowd, other customers, assistants, and employees, time and goal linked to consumer behavior as well as terms of purchase such as hunger and tiredness affect the purchasing decision of consumers with visual impairment. The results of the research confirmed most of the results from previous research. The conclusion is that consumers with visual impairments need more time to purchase and that they are dependent on persons without visual impairments. The lack of vision is replaced with more developed senses like hearing, smell, and touch which consumers with visual impairment use in the purchasing process while selecting products. Due to lack of vision, certain situational factors such as color, and interior design have no impact on consumers with visual impairment. These factors will not encourage consumers with visual impairment to choose a particular shop or specific product. On the other hand, the interior or specifically the layout of furniture in the store, affects the ease of movement which makes it difficult to buy just as the loud music does. Furthermore, unpleasant smells urges them to finish their buying process as soon as possible. Other customers, assistants, and employees are essential for this group of consumers in the movement and selection of products. The location of the store in the majority is not decisive, but they buy in shops the place of residence
THE ROLE OF SITUATIONAL FACTORS IN A PURCHASE DECISION MAKING PROCES OF CONSUMERS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Prema podacima Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (WHO) iz 2021. godine u svijetu postoje najmanje 2,2 milijarde osoba s oÅ”teÄenjima vida, a oko 40 milijuna osoba je slijepo. Podaci Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo iz 2021. godine ukazuju da na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske živi oko 19.000 osoba s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. S obzirom na rast ove populacije važno je prouÄiti kako isti kupuju proizvode ili usluge, odnosno kako razliÄiti Äimbenici djeluju na njihovu kupovnu odluku. Upravo iz tog razloga predmet ovog rada je uloga specifiÄnih Äimbenika ponaÅ”anja potroÅ”aÄa koji se nazivaju situacijski Äimbenici u kupovnoj odluci slijepih i slabovidnih osoba kao specifiÄne skupine potroÅ”aÄa. Cilj rada je istražiti ulogu situacijskih Äimbenika u donoÅ”enju kupovne odluke kod potroÅ”aÄa s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. U svrhu ispunjena postavljenog cilja diplomskog rada provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje putem tri fokus grupe s ukupno 22 ispitanika s oÅ”teÄenjem vida koji žive i kupuju na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako situacijski Äimbenici poput lokacija i ureÄenja prodavaonice, glazbe, boje i gužve, drugih kupaca, odnosno zaposlenika i pratnje kupca s oÅ”teÄenjem vida, ali i vremena te cilja povezanog s ponaÅ”anjem potroÅ”aÄa kao i uvjeta kupnje poput gladi i umora imaju važnu ulogu kod odluke o kupnji potroÅ”aÄa s oÅ”teÄenjima vida. Drugim rijeÄima, rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su veÄinu rezultata do sada provedenih istraživanja, uz zakljuÄak kako je potroÅ”aÄima s oÅ”teÄenjem vida potrebno viÅ”e vremena za nabavu proizvoda te kako su isti ovisni o drugim osobama bez oÅ”teÄenja vida prilikom kupnje. Nedostatkom osjeta vida razvijenija su druga osjetila poput sluha i njuha te opipa Å”to kupci s oÅ”teÄenjima vida koriste u procesu kupnje. Zbog nedostatka vida odreÄeni situacijski Äimbenici poput boja i ureÄenja prodavaonice nemaju utjecaj kao na potroÅ”aÄe bez oÅ”teÄenja vida. Odnosno ovi Äimbenici istraživanu skupinu potroÅ”aÄa neÄe potaknuti da odaberu odreÄenu prodavaonicu ili neki proizvod. No, interijer, toÄnije raspored namjeÅ”taja u prodavaonicama utjeÄe na lakoÄu kretanje Å”to otežava kupnju baÅ” kao i preglasna glazba, dok ih neugodni mirisi potiÄu da Å”to prije zavrÅ”e svoju kupnju. Drugi kupci, kao i pratnja bez oÅ”teÄenja vida te zaposlenici prodavaonica su kljuÄni za ovu skupinu potroÅ”aÄa prilikom kretanja i odabira proizvoda, a lokacija prodavaonice kod veÄine ispitanika nije presudna, ali ipak kupnju obavljaju u prodavaonicama u blizini mjesta stanovanja.There are at least 2,2 billion people in the world with vision impairments and about 40 million people are blind according to WHO data from 2021. In 2021, the data from the Croatian Public Health Institution suggested that about 19.000 people with vision impairment live in Croatia. In view of the growth of this population, it is important to study how they purchase products or services and how different factors affect their purchasing decision. This paper examines the role of specific consumer behavior factors called situational factors. The aim of this work is to explore the role of different situational factors on the purchasing decision of consumers with visual impairments. A qualitative study was carried out in the form of a focus group for the purpose of fulfilling the objective of this thesis. Three focus groups have been carried out with a total of 22 respondents living and purchasing on the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Research findings have shown that situational factors such as the location and interior of shops, music, colors, crowd, other customers, assistants, and employees, time and goal linked to consumer behavior as well as terms of purchase such as hunger and tiredness affect the purchasing decision of consumers with visual impairment. The results of the research confirmed most of the results from previous research. The conclusion is that consumers with visual impairments need more time to purchase and that they are dependent on persons without visual impairments. The lack of vision is replaced with more developed senses like hearing, smell, and touch which consumers with visual impairment use in the purchasing process while selecting products. Due to lack of vision, certain situational factors such as color, and interior design have no impact on consumers with visual impairment. These factors will not encourage consumers with visual impairment to choose a particular shop or specific product. On the other hand, the interior or specifically the layout of furniture in the store, affects the ease of movement which makes it difficult to buy just as the loud music does. Furthermore, unpleasant smells urges them to finish their buying process as soon as possible. Other customers, assistants, and employees are essential for this group of consumers in the movement and selection of products. The location of the store in the majority is not decisive, but they buy in shops the place of residence
FAMILY FACTORS AND INTERNALIZED PROBLEMS AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE
Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati povezanost kvalitete razliÄitih oblika obiteljskih interakcija s pojavom depresivnosti i anksioznosti kod mladih. TakoÄer, istražene su i razlike u internaliziranim problemima s obzirom na spol, vrstu Å”kole i odreÄena sociodemografska obilježja. Rezultatima istraživanja utvrÄena je povezanost varijabli depresivnosti i anksioznosti s gotovo svim varijablama obiteljskog funkcioniranja. S druge strane, nisu utvrÄene razlike po spolu, dok su dobivene manje razlike s obzirom na vrstu Å”kole i sociodemografska obilježa. Iz rezultata istraživanja možemo zakljuÄiti kako je kod uoÄenih internaliziranih problema kod mladih, osim na ublažavanju ili otklanjanju njihovih posljedica potrebno raditi i na uzroku problema, koji, prema dobivenim rezultatima, može ležati u obiteljskom okruženju. Stoga je potrebno obratiti pažnju na funkcioniranje obitelji u viÅ”e razliÄitih podruÄja kako bi se mogla postiÄi kvalitetna promjena u djelovanju svakog pojedinog Älana obitelji, ali i obitelji kao cjeline. Na taj naÄin obitelj postaje zdrava osnova za rast i razvoj svakog pojedinca koji joj pripada.The aim purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the quality of various forms of family interaction with the occurrence of depression and anxiety in young people. Differences in internalized problems were also investigated with regard to gender, type of school and certain sociodemographic features. The results of the study identified the correlation between depression and anxiety variables with almost all variables of family functioning. On the other hand, gender differences were not found, while minor differences were obtained with regard to the type of school and socio-demographic characteristics. We can conclude from the results of the research that, in the case of the internalized problems faced by young people, apart from reduce or eliminating their consequences, it is necessary to work on the cause of the problem, which, according to the obtained results, can lie in the family environment. It is therefore necessary to pay attention to the functioning of the family in many different areas in order to achieve a qualitative change in the work of each member of the family, but also of the family as a whole. In this way, the family becomes a healthy base for the growth and development of each individual that belongs to it