11 research outputs found
Deletion analysis of dengue virus type 4 nonstructural protein NS2B: identification of a domain required for NS2B-NS3 protease activity
Evidence that flavivirus NS1-NS2A cleavage is mediated by a membrane-bound host protease in the endoplasmic reticulum
3C-like protease of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus: identification of cleavage sites in the ORF1 polyprotein and analysis of cleavage specificity
Progress in the Development of Recombinant Vaccines Against Dengue and Other Arthropod-Borne Flaviviruses
Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Replication-Competent Membrane Structures by West Nile Virus Non-Structural Protein 4B
Pain and swelling after periapical surgery related to oral hygiene and smoking
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pain and swelling during the first week after periapical surgery and its relation to patient age, gender, oral hygiene, and smoking. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred two patients (31 men and 71 women) with a mean age of 40.2 years underwent periapical surgery. Age, gender, and oral hygiene and cigarette smoking before and during the postoperative course were noted. Pain and swelling scores were recorded on a descriptive 4-point scale at 2, 6, and 12 hours after surgery, and each day thereafter for 1 week. The data were statistically evaluated for significant differences. RESULTS: The highest intensity of pain occurred during the first 48 hours, and swelling peaked on the second postoperative day. Patient age and gender had no significant effect on postoperative symptoms (P > .05). Patients with poor oral hygiene before surgery presented greater pain and swelling during the first postsurgical hours, and smokers before surgery also suffered more pain. The number of cigarettes smoked in the postoperative period and oral hygiene after surgery had no effect on pain or inflammation (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Periapical surgery caused little pain and moderate swelling during the first 2 days after the intervention; these findings were more distinct in patients with poor oral hygiene before surgery and in smokers