5,365 research outputs found
Structural Change, Specialization and Growth in EU 25
Based on the OECD's classification of goods, we take a closer look at EU 15 countries and EU accession countries in terms of the dynamics of sectoral output growth - with due emphasis on the distinction between labor-intensive and science-intensive products. Sectoral output dynamics are explained by the (modified) revealed comparative advantage (RCA), specialization in terms of input intensity, the growth rate of RCA, past sectoral output dynamics and per capita output. In addition, we consider the development of nominal sectoral output development. Considerable differences between EU 15 and EU 10 countries were found, which point to different production regimes in leading EU countries and the Eastern European accession countries, respectively. This panel-based bottom-up approach to output growth suggests that structural change will affect the responsiveness of the supply side considerably.RCA, Output Growth, Sektoral Output Analysis
Global Economic Sustainability Indicator: Analysis and Policy Options for the Copenhagen Process
Summary: The traditional discussion about CO2 emissions and greenhouse gases as a source of global warming has been rather static, namely in the sense that innovation dynamics have not been considered much. Given the global nature of the climate problem, it is natural to develop a more dynamic Schumpeterian perspective and to emphasize a broader international analysis, which takes innovation dynamics and green international competitiveness into account: We discuss key issues of developing a consistent global sustainability indicator, which should cover the crucial dimensions of sustainability in a simple and straightforward way. The basic elements presented here concern genuine savings rates – covering not only depreciations on capital, but on the natural capital as well -, the international competitiveness of the respective country in the field of environmental ("green") goods and the share of renewable energy generation. International benchmarking can thus be encouraged and opportunities emphasized - an approach developed here. This new EIIW-vita Global Sustainability Indicator is consistent with the recent OECD requirements on composite indicators and thus, we suggest new options for policymakers. The US and Indonesia have suffered from a decline in their performance in the period 2000-07; Germany has improved its performance as judged by the new composite indicator whose weights are determined from factor analysis. The countries covered stand for roughly 91% of world GDP, 94% of global exports, 82% of global CO2 emissions and 68% of the population.CO2 Emission, Global worming, Sustainability, International country competitiveness
THE THABINA IRRIGATION SCHEME IN A CONTEXT OF REHABILITATION AND MANAGEMENT TRANSFER: PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND LOCAL EMPOWERMENT
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
Super-Rough Glassy Phase of the Random Field XY Model in Two Dimensions
We study both analytically, using the renormalization group (RG) to two loop
order, and numerically, using an exact polynomial algorithm, the
disorder-induced glass phase of the two-dimensional XY model with quenched
random symmetry-breaking fields and without vortices. In the super-rough glassy
phase, i.e. below the critical temperature , the disorder and thermally
averaged correlation function of the phase field , behaves, for , as where and is a microscopic length scale. We
derive the RG equations up to cubic order in and predict
the universal amplitude . The
universality of results from nontrivial cancellations between
nonuniversal constants of RG equations. Using an exact polynomial algorithm on
an equivalent dimer version of the model we compute numerically and
obtain a remarkable agreement with our analytical prediction, up to .Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Hydro-institutional mapping in the Steelpoort River Basin, South Africa
River basins / Institutions / Organizations / Private sector / Public sector / Local government / Mapping / Water resource management / Water policy / Legislation / Rural women / Constraints / Groundwater / Surface water / Water quality / Water use / Water users / Dams / Reservoirs / Large-scale systems / Irrigation management / Industrialization / Case studies / Operations / Maintenance / Canals / Conflict / Farmer-agency interactions / Policy / Water supply / Rural development
Superconductivity and charge carrier localization in ultrathin bilayers
/ (LSCO15/LCO) bilayers
with a precisely controlled thickness of N unit cells (UCs) of the former and M
UCs of the latter ([LSCO15\_N/LCO\_M]) were grown on (001)-oriented {\slao}
(SLAO) substrates with pulsed laser deposition (PLD). X-ray diffraction and
reciprocal space map (RSM) studies confirmed the epitaxial growth of the
bilayers and showed that a [LSCO15\_2/LCO\_2] bilayer is fully strained,
whereas a [LSCO15\_2/LCO\_7] bilayer is already partially relaxed. The
\textit{in situ} monitoring of the growth with reflection high energy electron
diffraction (RHEED) revealed that the gas environment during deposition has a
surprisingly strong effect on the growth mode and thus on the amount of
disorder in the first UC of LSCO15 (or the first two monolayers of LSCO15
containing one plane each). For samples grown in pure
gas (growth type-B), the first LSCO15 UC next to the SLAO
substrate is strongly disordered. This disorder is strongly reduced if the
growth is performed in a mixture of and gas
(growth type-A). Electric transport measurements confirmed that the first UC of
LSCO15 next to the SLAO substrate is highly resistive and shows no sign of
superconductivity for growth type-B, whereas it is superconducting for growth
type-A. Furthermore, we found, rather surprisingly, that the conductivity of
the LSCO15 UC next to the LCO capping layer strongly depends on the thickness
of the latter. A LCO capping layer with 7~UCs leads to a strong localization of
the charge carriers in the adjacent LSCO15 UC and suppresses superconductivity.
The magneto-transport data suggest a similarity with the case of weakly hole
doped LSCO single crystals that are in a so-called {"{cluster-spin-glass
state}"
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