Development of Experimental Protocol for Visual Cognitive Function Evaluation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

The article aims to present experimental protocol for investigation of visual cognitive function in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Description of experimental design is introduced by theoretical review of visual attention, perception and visual-motor control development in children with idiopathic autism and those with Fragile X mental retardation syndrome. Research method presented in the article is based on recent studies of visual cognitive function development under normal and pathological condition. The protocol includes three experimental paradigms: “antisaccade test”, “big/ figures”, and “photos test” performed by making use of eye tracking recording. This work was supported by grant RFBR 14-06-3128

A complex approach in the diagnostics of children with ASD. FMR1 gene mutation clinical case

The importance of developing a model of initial support for a child with suspicion of an autism spectrum disorder is underlined. The main principles of the diagnostic examination, which are based on the interaction between specialists of various profiles, are listed. The primary importance of strict compliance with the diagnostic protocol, which allows fully describe the disease pattern is substantiated. The model is illustrated by a critical analysis of the clinical case in which the principles of the child’s examination were not followed

Problems and Perspectives in the Evidence-Based Approach Implementation in the ASD Support Regional Resource Centers

The article presents the analysis of support services provided in RRCs (Regional Resource Centers for Supporting Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders). The authors provide 4 main principles of supporting services organization for individuals for autism spectrum disorders (ASD): integrative and multi-disciplinary approach, the use of the evidence- based practices, early start of interventions, continuity of assistance throughout life. Based on the monitoring results, the problem of the availability of standardized diagnostic methods, designed both to identify ASD and to provide the develop- mental assessment, was revealed. The use of the evidence-based interventions was reported in the majority of RRCs (75%), but their diversity is limited (in most cases, applied behavioral analysis interventions, sensory integration and alternative communication are used). In addition, well-established interventions are often used, however, they do not have sufficient scientific data to evaluate their efficiency. Individuals of different age groups have unequal access to interventions provided by RRCs: most RRCs work with children of preschool and primary school age. According to our results, psychological an

On the mechanisms of the occurrence of autism spectrum disorders: a family case report

Currently, more than 1000 genes described in which mutations are observed in autism spectrum disorders. Neurobiological predictors have been found to presume these abnormalities in early postnatal ontogenesis. However, the mechanisms of the occurrence of these genetic abnormalities remain unclear. This is connected to the particular interest in the description of family cases in which ASD in combination with various genome features are observed. The data of a five-year comprehensive psychological and neurophysiological study of three siblings with various developmental features and genetic disorders inherited from the father are presented. The results revealed that all children showed an increase in altered chromosome regions inherited from their father. However, only in the case of an increase in repeats in chromosome 8, autism spectrum disorder was diagnosed in a child. Changes in the Y chromosome, apparently, are not associated with detected developmental disorders in two other children

Modern Foreign Approaches to the Assessment of Different Linguistic Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

The article presents an overview of studies on the problem of speech evaluation in childhood. We analyzed the material based on the model that describes 4 levels of language: phonetics and phonology, morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics. The article contains the analysis of studies describing each level of language as well as existing approaches to its assessment, and reviews studies on language impairments in children with autism spectrum disorders. Additionally, the article contains a detailed analysis of existing foreign and Russian standardized methods for assessing speech development, showing which level of language organization (among each of the mentioned above methods) allows us to assess. It also describes the assessment procedures and evaluation. The review systematizes the available data on the approaches to atypical speech development in children with autism spectrum disorders.</p

Factors Influencing the Success Of Autism Spectrum Disorders Overcoming

No more than 10—20% of children with autism, as becoming adults can adapt to a relatively independent life. Despite many publications dedicated to autism, relatively little work has examined the output characteristics and pathomorphosis of psychic and cognitive disorders in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Only few longitudinal studies allow us to represent what happens in later life with people who have ASD. For conducting effective correctional interventions overcomingwith children with ASD there is need to identify predictors of successful overcome of disorders. The basis for the study, conducted by a team of psychologists and neuroscientists, was the assumption that the information about the features of violations of basic neurobiological mechanisms in people with autism spectrum disorders should determine the tactics of assistance. Genetic, neurophysiological and psychological factors, causing more successful overcoming of these disorders in children are revealed