2,805 research outputs found
Quantum Field Theory with Null-Fronted Metrics
There is a large class of classical null-fronted metrics in which a free
scalar field has an infinite number of conservation laws. In particular, if the
scalar field is quantized, the number of particles is conserved. However, with
more general null-fronted metrics, field quantization cannot be interpreted in
terms of particle creation and annihilation operators, and the physical meaning
of the theory becomes obscure.Comment: 11 page
Quantum mechanics explained
The physical motivation for the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics
is made clear and compelling by starting from an obvious fact - essentially,
the stability of matter - and inquiring into its preconditions: what does it
take to make this fact possible?Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures. v2: revised in response to referee comment
Non-linear operations in quantum information theory
Quantum information theory is used to analize various non-linear operations
on quantum states. The universal disentanglement machine is shown to be
impossible, and partial (negative) results are obtained in the state-dependent
case. The efficiency of the transformation of non-orthogonal states into
orthogonal ones is discussed.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures on separate page
Pseudoparticle Description of the 1D Hubbard Model Electronic Transport Properties
We extend the pseudoparticle transport description of the Hubbard chain to
all energy scales. In particular we compute the mean value of the electric
current transported by any Bethe-ansatz state and the transport masses of the
charge carriers. We present numerical results for the optical conductivity of
the model at half-filling for values of U/t=3 and 4. We show that these are in
good agreement with the pseudoparticle description of the finite-energy
transitions involving new pseudoparticle energy bands.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, one figure (can be obtained upon request from
[email protected]). To apper in the Proceedings of the Euroconference on
"Correlations in Unconventional Quantum Liquids" in Zeitschrift f\"ur Physik
B- Condensed Matter (Dedicated to the memory of Sir Rudolph Peierls
Wigner's little group and Berry's phase for massless particles
The ``little group'' for massless particles (namely, the Lorentz
transformations that leave a null vector invariant) is isomorphic to
the Euclidean group E2: translations and rotations in a plane. We show how to
obtain explicitly the rotation angle of E2 as a function of and we
relate that angle to Berry's topological phase. Some particles admit both signs
of helicity, and it is then possible to define a reduced density matrix for
their polarization. However, that density matrix is physically meaningless,
because it has no transformation law under the Lorentz group, even under
ordinary rotations.Comment: 4 pages revte
Multiconfiguration Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock Treatment of Electronic and Nuclear Dynamics in Diatomic Molecules
The multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree-Fock (MCTDHF) method is
formulated for treating the coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics of diatomic
molecules without the Born- Oppenheimer approximation. The method treats the
full dimensionality of the electronic motion, uses no model interactions, and
is in principle capable of an exact nonrelativistic description of diatomics in
electromagnetic fields. An expansion of the wave function in terms of
configurations of orbitals whose dependence on internuclear distance is only
that provided by the underlying prolate spheroidal coordinate system is
demonstrated to provide the key simplifications of the working equations that
allow their practical solution. Photoionization cross sections are also
computed from the MCTDHF wave function in calculations using short pulses.Comment: Submitted to Phys Rev
Generic Bell inequalities for multipartite arbitrary dimensional systems
We present generic Bell inequalities for multipartite multi-dimensional
systems. The inequalities that any local realistic theories must obey are
violated by quantum mechanics for even-dimensional multipartite systems. A
large set of variants are shown to naturally emerge from the generic Bell
inequalities. We discuss particular variants of Bell inequalities, that are
violated for all the systems including odd-dimensional systems.Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev. Let
Classical interventions in quantum systems. I. The measuring process
The measuring process is an external intervention in the dynamics of a
quantum system. It involves a unitary interaction of that system with a
measuring apparatus, a further interaction of both with an unknown environment
causing decoherence, and then the deletion of a subsystem. This description of
the measuring process is a substantial generalization of current models in
quantum measurement theory. In particular, no ancilla is needed. The final
result is represented by a completely positive map of the quantum state
(possibly with a change of the dimensions of ). A continuous limit of the
above process leads to Lindblad's equation for the quantum dynamical semigroup.Comment: Final version, 14 pages LaTe
Multipartite bound entangled states that violate Bell's inequality
We study the relation between distillability of multipartite states and
violation of Bell's inequality. We prove that there exist multipartite bound
entangled states (i.e. non-separable, non-distillable states) that violate a
multipartite Bell inequality. This implies that (i) violation of Bell's
inequality is not a sufficient condition for distillability and (ii) some bound
entangled states cannot be described by a local hidden variable model.Comment: 4 pages, no figure
Experimental Demonstration of Optimal Unambiguous State Discrimination
We present the first full demonstration of unambiguous state discrimination
between non-orthogonal quantum states. Using a novel free space interferometer
we have realised the optimum quantum measurement scheme for two non-orthogonal
states of light, known as the Ivanovic-Dieks-Peres (IDP) measurement. We have
for the first time gained access to all three possible outcomes of this
measurement. All aspects of this generalised measurement scheme, including its
superiority over a standard von Neumann measurement, have been demonstrated
within 1.5% of the IDP predictions
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