Características ruminais e eficiência de síntese microbiana em novilhos alimentados com cama de frango e suplemento à base de microbiota ruminal

O experimento foi realizado para avaliar o efeito de dois níveis de cama de frango (15,0 e 30,0%), associada ou não a um suplemento à base de microbiota ruminal liofilizada de bovinos adultos (0 e 10 g/anim.dia), na alimentação de novilhos Holandês/Zebu. Quatro novilhos fistulados no rúmen e abomaso foram distribuídos em quadrado latino 4 x 4 em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 (nível de cama de frango x com ou sem micobiota ruminal), alimentados à vontade e individualmente. Composição microbiana, eficiência de síntese microbiana, pH e concentração de nitrogênio amoniacal no rúmen foram avaliados. O nível de 30,0% de cama de frango nas dietas de novilhos não influenciou a composição dos microrganismos ruminais, a eficiência de síntese microbiana e o pH ruminal. Maiores concentrações médias de N-NH3 ruminal foram observadas em animais submetidos a dietas com 30% de cama de frango. A ingestão diária de 10 g do suplemento à base de microbiota ruminal por animal não influiu na composição dos microrganismos ruminais, na eficiência de síntese, no pH ruminal e na concentração de amônia no rúmen.The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different levels of broiler litter (15 and 30%), associated or not to a supplement based on bovine lyophilized ruminal microbiota (0 and 10 g/anim.day), in Holstein/Zebu steers feeding. Four steers fistulated in the rumen and abomasum were allotted to a 4 x 4 latin square in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (level of broiler litter x with or without ruminal microbiota), full fed individually. The ruminal microorganisms composition, efficiency of microbial synthesis, ruminal pH and N-NH3 ruminal concentration were evaluated. The level of 30.0% of broiler litter in the steers diets did not affect the composition of ruminal microorganisms, the efficiency of microbial synthesis and ruminal pH. Higher concentration means of ruminal N-NH 3 were observed in animals fed diets with 30.0% of broiler litter. The daily intake of 10 g of the supplement based on ruminal microbiota by the animals did not affect the composition of ruminal microorganisms, efficiency of microbial synthesis, ruminal pH and N-NH3

Características ruminais e eficiência de síntese microbiana em novilhos alimentados com cama de frango e suplemento à base de microbiota ruminal liofilizada

O experimento foi realizado para avaliar o efeito de dois níveis de cama de frango (15,0 e 30,0%), associada ou não a um suplemento à base de microbiota ruminal liofilizada de bovinos adultos (0 e 10 g/anim.dia), na alimentação de novilhos Holandês/Zebu. Quatro novilhos fistulados no rúmen e abomaso foram distribuídos em quadrado latino 4 x 4 em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 (nível de cama de frango x com ou sem micobiota ruminal), alimentados à vontade e individualmente. Composição microbiana, eficiência de síntese microbiana, pH e concentração de nitrogênio amoniacal no rúmen foram avaliados. O nível de 30,0% de cama de frango nas dietas de novilhos não influenciou a composição dos microrganismos ruminais, a eficiência de síntese microbiana e o pH ruminal. Maiores concentrações médias de N-NH3 ruminal foram observadas em animais submetidos a dietas com 30% de cama de frango. A ingestão diária de 10 g do suplemento à base de microbiota ruminal por animal não influiu na composição dos microrganismos ruminais, na eficiência de síntese, no pH ruminal e na concentração de amônia no rúmen.The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different levels of broiler litter (15 and 30%), associated or not to a supplement based on bovine lyophilized ruminal microbiota (0 and 10 g/anim.day), in Holstein/Zebu steers feeding. Four steers fistulated in the rumen and abomasum were allotted to a 4 x 4 latin square in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (level of broiler litter x with or without ruminal microbiota), full fed individually. The ruminal microorganisms composition, efficiency of microbial synthesis, ruminal pH and N-NH3 ruminal concentration were evaluated. The level of 30.0% of broiler litter in the steers diets did not affect the composition of ruminal microorganisms, the efficiency of microbial synthesis and ruminal pH. Higher concentration means of ruminal N-NH 3 were observed in animals fed diets with 30.0% of broiler litter. The daily intake of 10 g of the supplement based on ruminal microbiota by the animals did not affect the composition of ruminal microorganisms, efficiency of microbial synthesis, ruminal pH and N-NH3

ESTRUTURA DA VEGETAÇÃO E FITOSSOCIOLOGIA DA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL - APA SERRA DO GIGANTE DE ITAPURANGA, GOIÁS, BRASIL

The Cerrado is a vegetational complex formed by a mosaic composed of woody and herbaceous plants, with diverse physiognomy in response to its high environmental heterogeneity and edaphic characteristic. Based on this understanding, this study aims to show the forest inventory in order to understand the physiognomies and floristic composition that occur in the APA Serra do Gigante (Itapuranga-GO), as well as to analyze the soil as to its physical and chemical characteristics. For these actions a trail was delimited, about 7 km long, and entering its banks randomly, 11 plots were allocated with an extension of 10x10m, and vegetation data were collected. We sampled all woody individuals with Diameter (DB) ≥ 5 cm at 30 cm from the ground in savanna formations and with Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) at 1.30 m in forest formations. We sampled 162 individuals distributed in 55 species, 45 genera and 25 botanical families, being the families Vochysiaceae and Fabaceae the most abundant, with 31 and 25 individuals each, representing 44.58% of the total sample.  The greatest richness was found in the Savanna formation, which had 41 species with a density of 1,477.77 ind.ha-1 while the Forest formation had a richness of 20 species with an estimated density of 1,450 ind.ha-1. Regarding the average diameter and height, it was observed that the Forest formation had an average of 11.11 cm in diameter and 4.95 m in height, while for the Savanna formation the average values were 8.51 cm in diameter and 2.62 m in height. The similarity analysis showed a pattern of floristic homogeneity, especially with regard to the Savannah formation where most of the plots were very close to each other. It is also possible to observe a greater distance between the plots of the forest formation (FE11 and FE5), which are closer to the savannah plots than to each other, raising the need to expand the study area to better understand and conserve this formation. For the soils, two large distinct groups were formed, showing in general the occurrence of heterogeneous soils with textural variation among the groups formed in the similarity analysis.O Cerrado é um mosaico vegetacional composto por plantas lenhosas e herbáceas, com diversificada fisionomia em resposta a sua alta heterogeneidade ambiental. Partindo desta compreensão, este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar o inventário florístico visando compreender as fisionomias e composição florística que ocorrem na APA Serra do Gigante (Itapuranga-GO). Foram alocadas 11 parcelas com extensão de 10x10m, sendo amostrados todos os indivíduos lenhosos com diâmetro (Db) ≥ 5 cm, a 30 cm do solo em formações savânicas e com diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) a 1,30m nas formações florestais. Foram amostrados 162 indivíduos distribuídos em 55 espécies, 45 gêneros e 25 famílias botânicas, sendo as famílias Vochysiaceae e Fabaceae as mais abundantes, com 31 e 25 indivíduos cada, representando 44,58% da amostra total. A formação Savânica apresentou 41 espécies e 1.477,77 ind.ha-1 enquanto que a formação Florestal apresentou 20 espécies e 1.450 ind.ha-1. Quanto às médias de diâmetro e altura observou-se que a formação florestal apresentou 11,11 cm de diâmetro e 4,95m de altura, enquanto para a formação Savânica os valores médios foram de 8,51cm de diâmetro e 2,62m de altura. A similaridade demostrou um padrão de homogeneidade florística, principalmente na formação savânica, demonstrando que, a vegetação responde as alterações do solo. Palavras-chave: ecologia florestal; Cerrado; fisionomias; unidade de conservação.   Vegetation structure and phytosociology of the Environmental Protection Area - APA Serra do Gigante de Itapuranga, Goiás, Brazil   ABSTRACT: The Cerrado is a mosaic of vegetation made up of woody and herbaceous plants, with a diverse physiognomy in response to its high environmental heterogeneity. Based on this understanding, this study aims to present the floristic inventory in order to understand the physiognomies and floristic composition that occur in the Serra do Gigante APA (Itapuranga-GO). Eleven 10x10m plots were allocated, sampling all woody individuals with a diameter (Db) ≥ 5 cm, at 30 cm from the ground in savannah formations and with a diameter at breast height (DAP) at 1.30m in forest formations. 162 individuals were sampled, distributed among 55 species, 45 genera and 25 botanical families, with the Vochysiaceae and Fabaceae families being the most abundant, with 31 and 25 individuals each, representing 44.58% of the total sample. The Savannah formation had 41 species and 1,477.77 ind ha-1 while the Forest formation had 20 species and 1,450 ind ha-1. In terms of average diameter and height, it was observed that the forest formation had a diameter of 11.11 cm and a height of 4.95 m, while for the savannah formation, the average values were 8.51 cm in diameter and 2.62 m in height. The similarity showed a pattern of floristic homogeneity, especially in the savannic formation, demonstrating that the vegetation responds to changes in the soil. Keywords: forest ecology; Cerrado; physiognomies; conservation unit

A Evasão Escolar no Ensino Superior: Um Estudo de Caso do Curso de Ciência da Computação da UFERSA / School Evasion in Higher Education: A Case Study of the Computer Science Course at UFERSA

A evasão acadêmica é um problema importante e complexo enfrentado por muitas instituições de ensino superior. Nesse contexto, este estudo desvenda suas causas no curso de Ciência da Computação em UFERSA. Em especial, utilizamos uma técnica de agrupamento sobre um banco de dados extraído do Sistema de Gestão Integrado de Atividades Acadêmicas. São dois clusters: um para representar as características dos alunos evadidos e outro dos alunos que concluíram o curso. As principais características do segundo grupo são: residir em moradia acadêmica, ter experiência anterior na área antes do início do curso, ser branco e outras privilégios (pais não divorciados, ensino médio particular, renda mensal elevada)

Anti-Hypertensive Drugs Have Different Effects on Ventricular Hypertrophy Regression

OBJECTIVES: There is a direct relationship between the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and a decreased risk of mortality. This investigation aimed to describe the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on cardiac hypertrophy through a meta-analysis of the literature. METHODS: The Medline (via PubMed), Lilacs and Scielo databases were searched using the subject keywords cardiac hypertrophy, antihypertensive and mortality. We aimed to analyze the effect of anti-hypertensive drugs on ventricle hypertrophy. RESULTS: The main drugs we described were enalapril, verapamil, nifedipine, indapamina, losartan, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and atenolol. These drugs are usually used in follow up programs, however, the studies we investigated used different protocols. Enalapril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) and verapamil (Ca++ channel blocker) caused hypertrophy to regress in LVH rats. The effects of enalapril and nifedipine (Ca++ channel blocker) were similar. Indapamina (diuretic) had a stronger effect than enalapril, and losartan (angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist) produced better results than atenolol (selective β1 receptor antagonist) with respect to LVH regression. CONCLUSION: The anti-hypertensive drugs induced various degrees of hypertrophic regression

Spatial Factors Play a Major Role as Determinants of Endemic Ground Beetle Beta Diversity of Madeira Island Laurisilva

The development in recent years of new beta diversity analytical approaches highlighted valuable information on the different processes structuring ecological communities. A crucial development for the understanding of beta diversity patterns was also its differentiation in two components: species turnover and richness differences. In this study, we evaluate beta diversity patterns of ground beetles from 26 sites in Madeira Island distributed throughout Laurisilva – a relict forest restricted to the Macaronesian archipelagos. We assess how the two components of ground beetle beta diversity (βrepl – species turnover and βrich - species richness differences) relate with differences in climate, geography, landscape composition matrix, woody plant species richness and soil characteristics and the relative importance of the effects of these variables at different spatial scales. We sampled 1025 specimens from 31 species, most of which are endemic to Madeira Island. A spatially explicit analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of pure environmental, pure spatial and environmental spatially structured effects on variation in ground beetle species richness and composition. Variation partitioning showed that 31.9% of species turnover (βrepl) and 40.7% of species richness variation (βrich) could be explained by the environmental and spatial variables. However, different environmental variables controlled the two types of beta diversity: βrepl was influenced by climate, disturbance and soil organic matter content whilst βrich was controlled by altitude and slope. Furthermore, spatial variables, represented through Moran’s eigenvector maps, played a significant role in explaining both βrepl and βrich, suggesting that both dispersal ability and Madeira Island complex orography are crucial for the understanding of beta diversity patterns in this group of beetles.Peer reviewe

Modelos de aprendizagem de máquina para a gestão estratégica de bicicletas compartilhadas / Machine learning models for shared bicycle strategic management

Os Sistemas de Bicicletas Compartilhadas são cada vez mais comuns nas cidades, evidenciando a relevância de abordagens que auxiliem na tomada de decisão e gestão estratégica das empresas responsáveis por esses sistemas. Neste trabalho, é apresentado uma versão estendida de um estudo de caso no sistema Capital BikeShare (Washington, D.C.) com o objetivo de realizar uma análise estatística para identificar a relação entre o clima e o serviço de aluguel de bicicletas, além de aplicar algoritmos de aprendizagem de máquina para classificar a quantidade de aluguéis. Como adicional desta versão, apresenta-se uma abordagem de agrupamentos das estações de aluguéis, que resultou em uma acurácia de 94,7%, maior do que a obtida anteriormente. Os resultados apresentados evidenciam que o agrupamento das estações, além de aumentar a acurácia dos modelos preditivos, também facilitam a aplicação desses modelos preditivos na prática. Dessa forma, os modelos preditivos apresentados são mecanismos eficientes que permitem gerenciar esses sistemas, adotando estratégias de negócios baseadas na previsão do tempo e nas estações do ano. 

The Genome of Anopheles darlingi, the main neotropical Malaria vector

Anopheles darlingi is the principal neotropical malaria vector, responsible for more than a million cases of malaria per year on the American continent. Anopheles darlingi diverged from the African and Asian malaria vectors ∼100 million years ago (mya) and successfully adapted to the New World environment. Here we present an annotated reference A. darlingi genome, sequenced from a wild population of males and females collected in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 10 481 predicted protein-coding genes were annotated, 72% of which have their closest counterpart in Anopheles gambiae and 21% have highest similarity with other mosquito species. In spite of a long period of divergent evolution, conserved gene synteny was observed between A. darlingi and A. gambiae. More than 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels with potential use as genetic markers were identified. Transposable elements correspond to 2.3% of the A. darlingi genome. Genes associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vector–human and vector–parasite interactions, were identified and discussed. This study represents the first effort to sequence the genome of a neotropical malaria vector, and opens a new window through which we can contemplate the evolutionary history of anopheline mosquitoes. It also provides valuable information that may lead to novel strategies to reduce malaria transmission on the South American continent. The A. darlingi genome is accessible a

Thrombus aspiration in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: results of a national registry of interventional cardiology

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the impact of thrombus aspiration (TA) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (P-PCI) in 'real-world' settings. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study, using data from the National Registry of Interventional Cardiology (RNCI 2006-2012, Portugal) with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with P-PCI. The primary outcome, in-hospital mortality, was analysed through adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: We assessed data for 9458 STEMI patients that undergone P-PCI (35% treated with TA). The risk of in-hospital mortality with TA (aOR 0.93, 95%CI:0.54-1.60) was not significantly decreased. After matching patients through the propensity score, TA reduced significantly the risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 0.58, 95%CI:0.35-0.98; 3500 patients). CONCLUSIONS: The whole cohort data does not support the routine use of TA in P-PCI, but the results of the propensity-score matched cohort suggests that the use of selective TA may improve the short-term risks of STEMI..info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio