Abdominal circumference measurement by ultrasound does not enhance estimating the association of visceral fat with cardiovascular risk

Objectives: To evaluate the association between visceral fat and cardiovascular risk factors and to compare the ultrasonographic measurements of abdominal visceral fat with abdominal circumference (AC).Methods: This observational cross-sectional study categorized pubertal and postpubertal adolescents into a control group (n = 49) and an obese group (n = 46). Weight, height, AC, blood pressure, biochemical tests (lipid profile, triacylglycerols, fasting glucose for insulinemia, and serum uric acid), and ultrasound to measure visceral fat were assessed.Results: We found significant differences in the vascular risk variables between the groups, except for total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose level. We also observed that 31 subjects in the control group presented abnormalities in cardiovascular risk factors. the correlations between abdominal visceral fat (measured by ultrasound or the AC) and cardiovascular risk factors were significant. in the entire sample, AC presented better sensitivity and specificity than the ultrasound-measured abdominal visceral fat for identifying the presence of a cluster of at least three cardiovascular risk factors (areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve 0.87 and 0.73, respectively).Conclusion: Ultrasonographic measurements of visceral fat were correlated with cardiovascular risk factors, but this association was also demonstrable with AC measurements. Our results suggest that the measurement of visceral fat by ultrasound is unnecessary for the diagnosis of cardiovascular risk in well-nourished or obese adolescents. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Pediat, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Pediat, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 03/02584-8Web of Scienc

Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes pediátricos después de un año de trasplante renal

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in pediatric patients after one year of renal transplant. METHODS: This was an exploratory retrospective study. Data were collected from 111 medical records of pediatric patients (aged 0 to incomplete 18 year old) who underwent renal transplant at both the Hospital do Rim and Hypertension (Renal and High Blood Pressure Hospital) and the São Paulo Hospital of the Federal University of São Paulo between January 2000 and January 2006. RESULTS: A half of patients (50.5%) used high blood pressure medications prior to undergoing renal transplant. A year after renal transplant the use of high blood pressure medications by the pediatric patients was reduced by 28%. Before transplant, 13.5% of the patients were overweighed and did not have any significant changes in their weight after the transplant (12.6%). There was an increase in the number of overweight patients after a year of renal transplant by 50.0%. Approximately 1.0% of the patients developed diabetes mellitus after the renal transplant. CONCLUSION: Obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus were common conditions among pediatric patients after renal transplant.OBJETIVO: Identificar la frecuencia de diabetes mellitus y la presencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes pediátricos después de un año de trasplante renal. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, de orden documental y exploratorio, realizado de enero de 2000 a enero de 2006, abarcando 111 fichas de pacientes pediátricos (0 a 18 años incompletos) sometidos a trasplante renal en el Hospital del Riñón e Hipertensión y en el Hospital São Paulo de la Universidad Federal de São Paulo. RESULTADOS: Fueron analizados 111 pacientes, 50,5% utilizaban anti-hipertensores antes del trasplante renal. Un año después este número cayó para 28%. En el pre-trasplante, 13,5% pacientes presentaron sobrepeso y después de un año no hubo alteración importante (12,6%). El número de pacientes obesos aumentó 50% después de un año de trasplante renal. Aproximadamente 1% de los niños desarrollaron diabetes mellitus después del trasplante renal. CONCLUSIÓN: La presencia de exceso de peso (sobrepeso y obesidad), hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus son frecuentes en pacientes pediátricos después del trasplante renal.OBJETIVO: Identificar a frequência de diabetes mellitus e a presença de fatores de risco cardiovascular em pacientes pediátricos após um ano de transplante renal. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, de cunho documental e exploratório, realizado de janeiro de 2000 a janeiro de 2006, abrangendo 111 prontuários de pacientes pediátricos (0 a 18 anos incompletos) submetidos a transplante renal no Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão e no Hospital São Paulo da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 111 pacientes, 50,5% utilizavam anti-hipertensivos antes do transplante renal. Um ano após este número caiu para 28%. No pré-transplante 13,5% pacientes apresentaram sobrepeso e após um ano não houve alteração importante (12,6%). O número de pacientes obesos aumentou 50% após um ano de transplante renal. Aproximadamente 1% das crianças desenvolveram diabetes mellitus pós-tranplante renal. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade), hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus são freqüentes em pacientes pediátricos pós-tranplante renal.Associação Beneficente São CristóvãoUNIFESPCentro Universitário São CamiloHemocentro do Hospital Oswaldo CruzHospital do Rim e HipertensãoHospital São PauloUNIFESP Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão Ambulatório de Transplante RenalUNIFESP Departamento de MedicinaHospital do Rim e Hipertensão Unidade de TransplanteUNIFESPHospital São PauloUNIFESP, Depto. de PediatriaUNIFESP, Hospital do Rim e Hipertensão Ambulatório de Transplante RenalUNIFESP, Depto. de MedicinaSciEL

Molecular detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in free-living golden headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

test

Avaliação do perfil epidemiológico e resposta ao tratamento de primeira linha da púrpura trombocitopênica trombótica em hospital público terciário do Distrito Federal

Introdução: A púrpura trombocitopênica trombótica (PTT) é uma microangiopatia trombótica caracterizada pela oclusão difusa de arteríolas terminais e de capilares por trombos ricos em plaquetas e em Fator de von Willebrand. É uma condição rara e com predomínio no sexo feminino. As principais manifestações clínicas são anemia hemolítica, alterações neurológicas, disfunção renal, trombocitopenia e febre. Devido a sua gravidade, é considerada uma emergência hematológica, que necessita de diagnóstico e tratamento adequados e eficazes. Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e a resposta ao tratamento de primeira linha preconizado pela literatura em pacientes diagnosticados com PTT. Método: Pesquisa retrospectiva, quantitativa, em que as informações foram obtidas através de revisão de prontuário eletrônico. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente através de gráficos e tabelas. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 7 pacientes, sendo que 85% eram mulheres. A média de idade ao diagnóstico foi de 42 anos. O escore PLASMIC foi acurado para predizer deficiência de ADAMTS13. Em relação ao tratamento instituído, os pacientes deste estudo necessitaram de uma média de 20 sessões de plasmaférese, e todos fizeram uso de alguma modalidade de corticoterapia. Dos pacientes analisados, 4 necessitaram de terapia com rituximabe. Conclusão: A média de dias de internação de todos os pacientes analisados foi de 44 dias. Todos os pacientes tiveram alta com resolução do quadro e, em seguimento posterior, 2 tiveram o óbito como desfecho, sem relato de recaída da PTT como causa do óbito. Neste sentido, a sobrevida global foi de aproximadamente 72% e a sobrevida livre de progressão de 100%

ATENÇÃO À PESSOA COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA NA REDE PÚBLICA DE SAÚDE: A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS PROTOCOLOS E LINHA DE CUIDADOS

The right to health in Brazil has migrated to a search for the formulation of public policies aimed at ensuring autonomy and expanding access to health care, especially to improve the living conditions of people with disabilities. Thus, this article aims to analyze the existing legislation and protocols regarding individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as well as the public policies that aim for advances and improvements in the reception and quality of life of this part of the population. People diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have communication disabilities, with restrictive and repetitive behavior patterns. By analyzing the legislation, the Brazilian legal system instituted the National Policy for the Protection of Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder through Law No. 12,764, of December 27, 2012. Thus, several protocols have been created to study and create lines of care for people with autism spectrum disorder. However, in many cases, the public health system does not have the appropriate treatment available, making it necessary for the judiciary to intervene in order to guarantee the fundamental rights enshrined in the Federal Constitution.El derecho a la salud en Brasil ha migrado a la búsqueda de la formulación de políticas públicas destinadas a garantizar la autonomía y la ampliación del acceso a la salud, especialmente para mejorar las condiciones de vida de las personas con discapacidad. Por lo tanto, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la legislación y los protocolos existentes en relación con las personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), así como las políticas públicas destinadas a los avances y mejoras en la recepción y la calidad de vida de esta porción de la población. Las personas diagnosticadas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) presentan alteraciones en la comunicación, con patrones de comportamiento restrictivos y repetitivos. Al analizar la legislación, el ordenamiento jurídico nacional estableció por la Ley nº 12.764, de 27 de diciembre de 2012 la Política Nacional de Protección a la Persona con Trastorno del Espectro Autista. Así, se han creado varios protocolos para los estudios y la creación de líneas de atención para las personas con trastorno del espectro autista. Sin embargo, el sistema público de salud no tiene, en muchos casos, el tratamiento adecuado, haciendo necesaria la intervención del poder judicial para garantizar los derechos fundamentales escupidos en la Constitución Federal.O direito à saúde no Brasil tem migrado para uma busca de formulação de políticas públicas visando garantir a autonomia e ampliação do acesso à saúde, em especial, visando a melhora nas condições de vida das pessoas com deficiência. Sendo assim, o presente artigo objetiva analisar a legislação e protocolos existentes no que diz respeito aos indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (TEA), bem como as políticas públicas que visam avanços e melhorias no acolhimento e qualidade de vida dessa parcela da população. As pessoas diagnosticadas com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (TEA) geralmente possuem características específicas que compõem o padrão de reconhecimento da doença, como por exemplo, padrões de comportamento restritivos e repetitivos, deficiência de comunicação, dificuldade de interagir, expressar emoções, entre outros. Ao analisar a legislação, o ordenamento jurídico pátrio instituiu pela Lei nº 12.764, de 27 de dezembro de 2012 a Política Nacional de Proteção da Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo. Desse modo, atualmente tem se criado diversos protocolos para estudos e criação de linhas de cuidado para as pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista. Não obstante, a rede pública de saúde não dispõe, em muitos casos, do tratamento adequado, se fazendo necessário a intervenção do judiciário para garantia dos direitos fundamentais escupidos na Constituição Federal.O direito à saúde no Brasil tem migrado para uma busca de formulação de políticas públicas visando garantir a autonomia e ampliação do acesso à saúde, em especial, visando a melhora nas condições de vida das pessoas com deficiência. Sendo assim, o presente artigo objetiva analisar a legislação e protocolos existentes no que diz respeito aos indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (TEA), bem como as políticas públicas que visam avanços e melhorias no acolhimento e qualidade de vida dessa parcela da população. As pessoas diagnosticadas com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (TEA) geralmente possuem características específicas que compõem o padrão de reconhecimento da doença, como por exemplo, padrões de comportamento restritivos e repetitivos, deficiência de comunicação, dificuldade de interagir, expressar emoções, entre outros. Ao analisar a legislação, o ordenamento jurídico pátrio instituiu pela Lei nº 12.764, de 27 de dezembro de 2012 a Política Nacional de Proteção da Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo. Desse modo, atualmente tem se criado diversos protocolos para estudos e criação de linhas de cuidado para as pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista. Não obstante, a rede pública de saúde não dispõe, em muitos casos, do tratamento adequado, se fazendo necessário a intervenção do judiciário para garantia dos direitos fundamentais escupidos na Constituição Federal

Assessment of carvacrol paste as endodontic medication associated with laser photobiomodulation in tissue repair: an experimental study in rats

This study aimed to analyze the tissue reaction caused by carvacrol paste associated or not with laser photobiomodulation (LPBM) at λ660 nm in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Sixty Wistar rats were divided into four groups and they received the following interventions: subcutaneous implantation of empty polyethylene tubes (CTR), implantation of tubes containing carvacrol paste (CVC), implantation of empty tubes and LPBM (LLLT), and implantation of tubes containing carvacrol paste and LPBM (CVCLT). The animals were euthanized at three, eight, and 15 days after surgery. The inflammatory reaction and fibroplasia were analyzed histomorphometrically. Significant differences among the groups were determined by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). In the 3-day period, the CVCLT group had low inflammatory infiltration (p<0.01). In the 8- and 15-day periods, the LLLT and CVCLT groups presented a low amount of lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate (p<0.01 and p<0.05). Regarding the formation of fibrous tissue, the CVC group had the highest formation of type III collagen in the 8-day period (p<0.001). In the 15-day period, the CVCLT group had a lower formation of type I collagen than the CTR and LLLT groups (p<0.05). The use of the carvacrol paste associated with photobiomodulation optimizes the inflammatory period and tissue repair

Biocompatibility of Doped Semiconductors Nanocrystals and Nanocomposites

Exposure of humans and environment to nanocrystals are inevitable, and nanotoxicological analyses are a requirement. The wide variety of nanocrystals with different applications is increasing, and characterization of their effects after exposure includes their potential toxicity and uses. This review summarizes the characterization of doped nanocrystals and nanocomposites, Ca-doped ZnO, Ag- and Eu-doped ZnO and Ni-doped ZnO NCs, their biocompatibility and applications. This review uncovers how these nanocrystals present desirable biocompatible properties, which can be useful as antitumoral and antimicrobial inducing agents, which differ markedly from toxic properties observed in other general nanocrystals

The Genome of Anopheles darlingi, the main neotropical Malaria vector

Anopheles darlingi is the principal neotropical malaria vector, responsible for more than a million cases of malaria per year on the American continent. Anopheles darlingi diverged from the African and Asian malaria vectors ∼100 million years ago (mya) and successfully adapted to the New World environment. Here we present an annotated reference A. darlingi genome, sequenced from a wild population of males and females collected in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 10 481 predicted protein-coding genes were annotated, 72% of which have their closest counterpart in Anopheles gambiae and 21% have highest similarity with other mosquito species. In spite of a long period of divergent evolution, conserved gene synteny was observed between A. darlingi and A. gambiae. More than 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels with potential use as genetic markers were identified. Transposable elements correspond to 2.3% of the A. darlingi genome. Genes associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vector–human and vector–parasite interactions, were identified and discussed. This study represents the first effort to sequence the genome of a neotropical malaria vector, and opens a new window through which we can contemplate the evolutionary history of anopheline mosquitoes. It also provides valuable information that may lead to novel strategies to reduce malaria transmission on the South American continent. The A. darlingi genome is accessible a

Syzygium cumini Nectar Supplementation Reduced Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress, Muscle Damage, and Improved Psychological Response in Highly Trained Young Handball Players

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Syzygium cumini (SC) nectar supplementation on performance, markers of oxidative stress, muscle damage, and psychological response in Handball players. Twenty-five young athletes (age = 18.6 ± 2.4 years) from an elite high school national level Brazilian Handball team were randomized into two study groups: SC/Jamelon nectar (SC, n = 12) and placebo (n = 13). The subjects ingested 10 mL/kg/day of Jamelon nectar or placebo 30 min before the training sessions and immediately after training cessation, for 28 days. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage of fat mass were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured by lipid peroxidation, which was quantified by malondialdehyde (MDA). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), creatine kinase (CK) activity, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined. The 20 m shuttle run test, vertical jump, and running anaerobic sprint test were assessed to verify performance and the fatigue index was calculated. The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire was used for psychological evaluation. Both groups demonstrated improved vertical jump performance and a decreased fatigue index over time but without significant differences between them regarding performance. There was statistically significance only for SC in CK, LDH, and MDA, and TAC was greater in the SC compared to placebo. Furthermore, only the SC group demonstrated improved mood disturbance and confusion after the intervention. In conclusion, the present study suggests that SC nectar supplementation reduced biomarkers of oxidative stress and muscle damage, and improved psychological response in young handball players

Effect of the Combined Intervention with Passive Whole-Body Vibration and Auriculotherapy on the Quality of Life of Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis Assessed by the WHOQOL-Bref: A Multi-Arm Clinical Trial

The aim of this study was to determine the effect on the quality of life of two non-pharmacological interventions isolated or in combination: (i) passive whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE), and (ii) auriculotherapy (AT). One hundred three participants with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) were allocated to: (a) a vibration group (WBVEG; n = 17) that performed WBVE (peak-to-peak displacement: 2.5 to 7.5 mm, frequency: 5 to 14 Hz, Peak acceleration: 0.12 to 2.95 g), two days/weekly for five weeks, (b) an AT group (ATG; n = 21), stimulation of three specific auriculotherapy points (Kidney, Knee and Shenmen) in each ear pavilion, (c) WBVE + AT (WBVE + AT; n = 20) and (d) respective control groups (WBVE_CG, n = 15; AT_CG, n = 12; WBVE + AT_CG, n = 18). The participants filled out the WHOQOL-bref Questionnaire before the first and after the last sessions. Statistical differences in the various domains of the WHOQOL-bref were not found. In conclusion, WBVE or AT alone or combined did not contribute in altering the quality of life of individuals exposed to these interventions