10,241 research outputs found
Confinement-induced resonance in quasi-one-dimensional systems under transversely anisotropic confinement
We theoretically investigate the confinement-induced resonance for
quasi-one-dimensional quan- tum systems under transversely anisotropic
confinement, using a two-body s-wave scattering model in the zero-energy
collision limit. We predict a single resonance for any transverse anisotropy,
whose position shows a slight downshift with increasing anisotropy. We compare
our prediction with the recent experimental result by Haller et al. [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 104, 153203 (2010)], in which two resonances are observed in the presence
of transverse anisotropy. The discrepancy between theory and experiment remains
to be resolved.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Confinement induced resonances in anharmonic waveguides
We develop the theory of anharmonic confinement-induced resonances (ACIR).
These are caused by anharmonic excitation of the transverse motion of the
center of mass (COM) of two bound atoms in a waveguide. As the transverse
confinement becomes anisotropic, we find that the COM resonant solutions split
for a quasi-1D system, in agreement with recent experiments. This is not found
in harmonic confinement theories. A new resonance appears for repulsive
couplings () for a quasi-2D system, which is also not seen with
harmonic confinement. After inclusion of anharmonic energy corrections within
perturbation theory, we find that these ACIR resonances agree extremely well
with anomalous 1D and 2D confinement induced resonance positions observed in
recent experiments. Multiple even and odd order transverse ACIR resonances are
identified in experimental data, including up to N=4 transverse COM quantum
numbers.Comment: 16 pages,6 fugure
The Strong Decay Patterns of the Exotic Hybrid Mesons
We calculate the coupling constants of the decay modes
within the framework of the light-cone QCD sum rule. Then we calculate the
partial width of these decay channels, which differ greatly from the existing
calculations using phenomenological models. For the isovector state,
the dominant decay modes are . For its isoscalar partner, its
dominant decay mode is . We also discuss the possible search of the
state at BESIII, for example through the decay chains or where can
be reconstructed through the decay modes
or . Hopefully the present work will be helpful to the
experimental establishment of the hybrid meson.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure
Protective effect of low-dose risedronate against osteocyte apoptosis and bone loss in ovariectomized rats
Osteocyte apoptosis is the first reaction to estrogen depletion, thereby stimulating osteoclastic bone resorption resulting in bone loss. We investigated the effects of two different risedronate (RIS) doses (high and low) on osteocyte apoptosis, osteoclast activity and bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Forty rats with ovariectomy (OVX) and sham ovariectomy (SHAM) were divided into 4 groups: 1) SHAM rats treated with saline (SHAM); 2) OVX rats treated with saline (OVX); 3) OVX rats treated with low-dose RIS (OVX-LR, 0.08 μg/kg/day); 4) OVX rats treated with high-dose RIS (OVX-HR, 0.8 μg/kg/day). All animals were sacrificed 90 days after surgery for the examinations of osteocyte apoptosis by caspase-3 staining, osteoclast activity by TRAP staining and bone volume by micro-CT scanning in lumbar vertebral cancellous bone. Both low and high dose RIS significantly reduced caspase-3 positive osteocytes, empty lacunae and TRAP positive osteoclasts in OVX rats. Although the difference in caspase-3 positive osteocytes was not significant between the OVX-LR and OVX-HR groups, numerically these cells were significantly more prevalent in OVX-HR (not OVX-LR) group than in SHAM group. TRAP positive osteoclasts were significantly higher in OVX-LR group than in SHAM or OVX-HR group. There was no significant difference in bone volume among the OVX-LR, OVX-HR and SHAM groups, but lower in OVX group alone. However, significant increase in trabecular thickness only occurred in OVX-LR group. We conclude that both low and high dose RIS significantly inhibit osteocyte apoptosis and osteoclast activity in OVX rats, but the low-dose RIS has weaker effect on osteoclast activity. However, low-dose RIS preserves cancellous bone mass and microarchitecture as well as high-dose RIS after estrogen depletion
High temperature thermodynamics of strongly interacting s-wave and p-wave Fermi gases in a harmonic trap
We theoretically investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a
strongly interacting trapped Fermi gas near either s-wave or p-wave Feshbach
resonances, using a second order quantum virial expansion. The second virial
coefficient is calculated based on the energy spectrum of two interacting
fermions in a harmonic trap. We consider both isotropic and anisotropic
harmonic potentials. For the two-fermion interaction, either s-wave or p-wave,
we use a pseudopotential parametrized by a scattering length and an effective
range. This turns out to be the simplest way of encoding the energy dependence
of the low-energy scattering amplitude or phase shift. This treatment of the
pseudopotential can be easily generalized to higher partial-wave interactions.
We discuss how the second virial coefficient and thermodynamics are affected by
the existence of these finite-range interaction effects. The virial expansion
result for a strongly interacting s -wave Fermi gas has already been proved
very useful. In the case of p-wave interactions, our results for the
high-temperature equation of state are applicable to future high-precision
thermodynamic measurements for a spin-polarized Fermi gas near a p-wave
Feshbach resonance.Comment: 12 pages,10 figure
Phase transitions on the surface of a carbon nanotube
A suspended carbon nanotube can act as a nanoscale resonator with remarkable
electromechanical properties and the ability to detect adsorption on its
surface at the level of single atoms. Understanding adsorption on nanotubes and
other graphitic materials is key to many sensing and storage applications. Here
we show that nanotube resonators offer a powerful new means of investigating
fundamental aspects of adsorption on carbon, including the collective behaviour
of adsorbed matter and its coupling to the substrate electrons. By monitoring
the vibrational resonance frequency in the presence of noble gases, we observe
the formation of monolayers on the cylindrical surface and phase transitions
within these monolayers, and simultaneous modification of the electrical
conductance. The monolayer observations also demonstrate the possibility of
studying the fundamental behaviour of matter in cylindrical geometry.Comment: Unpublished; 7 pages with 4 figures plus 3 pages of supplementary
materia
Suspension and Measurement of Graphene and Bi2Se3 Atomic Membranes
Coupling high quality, suspended atomic membranes to specialized electrodes
enables investigation of many novel phenomena, such as spin or Cooper pair
transport in these two dimensional systems. However, many electrode materials
are not stable in acids that are used to dissolve underlying substrates. Here
we present a versatile and powerful multi-level lithographical technique to
suspend atomic membranes, which can be applied to the vast majority of
substrate, membrane and electrode materials. Using this technique, we
fabricated suspended graphene devices with Al electrodes and mobility of 5500
cm^2/Vs. We also demonstrate, for the first time, fabrication and measurement
of a free-standing thin Bi2Se3 membrane, which has low contact resistance to
electrodes and a mobility of >~500 cm^2/Vs
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