An In situ TEM study of the surface oxidation of palladium nanocrystals assisted by electron irradiation

An In situ atomic scale study of the surface oxidation of Pd nanocrystals.</p

A case of labial lentigines in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome treated using a Q-switched alexandrite laser

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a polygenic autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple gastrointestinal polyps and pigmentation of the mucosa and skin. While there are a few reports regarding successful treatment of intestinal polyps in PJS, there is little research regarding treatment of mucocutaneous melanosis. This study investigated the many advantages of using a Q-switched alexandrite laser to treat mucocutaneous melanosis. In this case, a 19-year-old male with PJS presented with labial lentigines and received two Q-switched alexandrite laser treatments in 2018. Subsequently, the efficacy of the treatment was evaluated. The result of the evaluation was that, after the two laser treatments, the labial lentigines were successfully removed, and there were no complications

Smart thermosensitive poloxamer hydrogels loaded with Nr-CWs for the treatment of diabetic wounds.

The treatment of diabetic wound is a focus issue. At present, the Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) has been proved proven to promote angiogenesis and wound repair. Unfortunately, the high-glucose diabetic wound environment makes many drugs unable to be released effectively, and soon be removed. Smart thermosensitive poloxamer hydrogel (TH) is an ideal and adjustable drug delivery platform compatible with most living tissues. Here, a multifunctional composite thermosensitive hydrogel was developed. A mixture of poloxamers 407 and 188 as the gel matrix, and then it was physically mixed with Nr-CWS. The delivery vehicle not only controlled its release stably, preventing degradation in vitro, but also showed good affinity in vitro. In vivo, compared with thermosensitive poloxamer hydrogel alone or the direct use of Nr-CWS, the thermosensitive poloxamer hydrogel loaded with Nr-CWS promoted the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells effectively, resulting in increased expression of derma-related structural proteins and enhanced angiogenesis and wound healing. This study indicated that the angiogenesis and skin regeneration brought by Nr-CWS hydrogel are related to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and protein kinase B, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways

Mechanism of damage of HIF-1 signaling in chronic diabetic foot ulcers and its related therapeutic perspectives

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic complication of diabetes. Wound healing in patients with DFU is generally very slow, with a high recurrence rate even after the ulcer healed. The DFU remains a major clinical challenge due to a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis. Given the significant impact of DFU on patient health and medical costs, enhancing our understanding of pathophysiological alterations and wound healing in DFU is critical. A growing body of research has shown that impaired activation of the HIF-1 pathway in diabetics, which weakens HIF-1 mediated responses to hypoxia and leads to down-regulation of its downstream target genes, leading to incurable diabetic foot ulcers. By analyzing and summarizing the literature in recent years, this review summarizes the mechanism of HIF-1 signaling pathway damage in the development of DFU, analyzes and compares the application of PHD inhibitors, VHL inhibitors, biomaterials and stem cell therapy in chronic wounds of diabetes, and proposes a new treatment scheme mediated by participation in the HIF-1 signaling pathway, which provides new ideas for the treatment of DFU

Current Status of ADSCs-Enriched Fat Grafts in Plastic Surgery

SUMMARY: Autologous fat grafting is an increasingly popular technique in plastic surgery for volume augmentation and rejuvenation. However, the unpredictability of long-term volume retention limits its clinical application. Various animal studies have documented the positive effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on the acceleration of lipofilling. However, the results have been inconsistent, and there is an insufficient number of high-quality clinical studies to formulate evidence-based recommendations for ADSC-enriched fat grafts. Moreover, related technical standards, such as the final count of harvested ADSCs and the enrichment ratio, have not yet been established. This systematic review included all clinical trials on ADSC-enriched fat grafts in plastic surgery from PubMed in the past 10 years, as well as all registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.Gov. To examine the current landscape of ADSCs harvest, we summarize the current applications of ADSCs in the field of plastic surgery and discuss the current barriers to universal clinical use

External application of a Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers

Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most severe complications of diabetes that have imposed great financial and psychological burdens on diabetic patients. A Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) can be externally applied to accelerate wound healing. However, its clinical application has not yet been reported. Herein, we report two patients with diabetic foot ulcers treated with Nr-CWS. After wound debridement, the wound was covered with a sterile cotton ball infiltrated with an Nr-CWS that was diluted with 2.0 mL of saline. The covers were changed every two days until complete wound healing occurred. The two wounds healed after 3 and 12 weeks, respectively. This article aims to provide a new treatment for diabetic foot ulcers, with the hope that physicians may consider an Nr-CWS as a complementary method for the treatment of chronic wounds