RingMo-lite: A Remote Sensing Multi-task Lightweight Network with CNN-Transformer Hybrid Framework

In recent years, remote sensing (RS) vision foundation models such as RingMo have emerged and achieved excellent performance in various downstream tasks. However, the high demand for computing resources limits the application of these models on edge devices. It is necessary to design a more lightweight foundation model to support on-orbit RS image interpretation. Existing methods face challenges in achieving lightweight solutions while retaining generalization in RS image interpretation. This is due to the complex high and low-frequency spectral components in RS images, which make traditional single CNN or Vision Transformer methods unsuitable for the task. Therefore, this paper proposes RingMo-lite, an RS multi-task lightweight network with a CNN-Transformer hybrid framework, which effectively exploits the frequency-domain properties of RS to optimize the interpretation process. It is combined by the Transformer module as a low-pass filter to extract global features of RS images through a dual-branch structure, and the CNN module as a stacked high-pass filter to extract fine-grained details effectively. Furthermore, in the pretraining stage, the designed frequency-domain masked image modeling (FD-MIM) combines each image patch's high-frequency and low-frequency characteristics, effectively capturing the latent feature representation in RS data. As shown in Fig. 1, compared with RingMo, the proposed RingMo-lite reduces the parameters over 60% in various RS image interpretation tasks, the average accuracy drops by less than 2% in most of the scenes and achieves SOTA performance compared to models of the similar size. In addition, our work will be integrated into the MindSpore computing platform in the near future

Multiple-Clade H5N1 Influenza Split Vaccine Elicits Broad Cross Protection against Lethal Influenza Virus Challenge in Mice by Intranasal Vaccination

Background: The increase in recent outbreaks and unpredictable changes of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in birds and humans highlights the urgent need to develop a cross-protective H5N1 vaccine. We here report our development of a multiple-clade H5N1 influenza vaccine tested for immunogenicity and efficacy to confer cross-protection in an animal model. Methodology/Principal Findings: Mice received two doses of influenza split vaccine with oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant SP01 by intranasal administration separated by two weeks. Single vaccines (3 mg HA per dose) included rg-A/Vietnam/1203/ 2004(Clade 1), rg-A/Indonesia/05/2005(Clade 2.1), and rg-A/Anhui/1/2005(Clade 2.3.4). The trivalent vaccine contained 1 mg HA per dose of each single vaccine. Importantly, complete cross-protection was observed in mice immunized using trivalent vaccine with oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant SP01 that was subsequently challenged with the lethal A/OT/SZ/097/03 influenza strain (Clade 0), whereas only the survival rate was up to 60 % in single A/Anhui/1/2005 vaccine group. Conclusion/Significance: Our findings demonstrated that the multiple-clade H5N1 influenza vaccine was able to elicit a cross-protective immune response to heterologous HPAI H5N1 virus, thus giving rise to a broadly cross-reactive vaccine to potential prevention use ahead of the strain-specific pandemic influenza vaccine in the event of an HPAI H5N1 influenza outbreak. Also, the multiple-clade adjuvanted vaccine could be useful in allowing timely initiation of vaccination agains

Significance of methylation-related genes in diagnosis and subtype classification of renal interstitial fibrosis

Abstract Background RNA methylation modifications, such as N1-methyladenosine/N6-methyladenosine /N5-methylcytosine (m1A/m6A/m5C), are the most common RNA modifications and are crucial for a number of biological processes. Nonetheless, the role of RNA methylation modifications of m1A/m6A/m5C in the pathogenesis of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) remains incompletely understood. Methods Firstly, we downloaded 2 expression datasets from the GEO database, namely GSE22459 and GSE76882. In a differential analysis of these datasets between patients with and without RIF, we selected 33 methylation-related genes (MRGs). We then applied a PPI network, LASSO analysis, SVM-RFE algorithm, and RF algorithm to identify key MRGs. Results We eventually obtained five candidate MRGs (WTAP, ALKBH5, YTHDF2, RBMX, and ELAVL1) to forecast the risk of RIF. We created a nomogram model derived from five key MRGs, which revealed that the nomogram model may be advantageous to patients. Based on the selected five significant MRGs, patients with RIF were classified into two MRG patterns using consensus clustering, and the correlation between the five MRGs, the two MRG patterns, and the genetic pattern with immune cell infiltration was shown. Moreover, we conducted GO and KEGG analyses on 768 DEGs between MRG clusters A and B to look into their different involvement in RIF. To measure the MRG patterns, a PCA algorithm was developed to determine MRG scores for each sample. The MRG scores of the patients in cluster B were higher than those in cluster A. Conclusions Ultimately, we concluded that cluster A in the two MRG patterns identified on these five key m1A/m6A/m5C regulators may be associated with RIF

Sharp-Hook Acupuncture ( Feng Gou Zhen

The Feng Gou Zhen (sharp-hook acupuncture) as a traditional form of ancient acupuncture is said to be particularly effective for managing periarthritis of shoulder. We conducted this randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of Feng Gou Zhen as an add-on compared to conventional analgesics for patients with PAS. 132 patients were randomly assigned in a 1 : 1 ratio to either a acupuncture group receiving sharp-hook acupuncture plus acupoint injection with conventional analgesics or a control group. Patients from both groups were evaluated at week 0 (baseline), week 1, and week 4. The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline shoulder pain, measured by Visual Analogue Scale at 7 days after treatment. Secondary outcome measures include the (i) function of shoulder joint and (ii) McGill pain questionnaire. The results showed that patients in acupuncture group had better pain relief and function recovery compared with control group (P<0.05) at 1 week after treatment. Moreover, there were statistical differences between two groups in VAS and shoulder joint function and McGill pain questionnaire at 4 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). Therefore, the sharp-hook acupuncture helps to relieve the pain and restore the shoulder function for patients with periarthritis of shoulder

High-performance broadband flexible photodetector based on Gd3Fe5O12-assisted double van der Waals heterojunctions

Abstract Flexible photodetectors are fundamental components for developing wearable systems, which can be widely used for medical detection, environmental monitoring and flexible imaging. However, compared with 3D materials, low-dimensional materials have degraded performance, a key challenge for current flexible photodetectors. Here, a high-performance broadband photodetector has been proposed and fabricated. By combining the high mobility of graphene (Gr) with the strong light–matter interactions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), the flexible photodetector exhibits a greatly improved photoresponse covering the visible to near-infrared range. Additionally, a thin layer of gadolinium iron garnet (Gd3Fe5O12, GdlG) film is introduced to improve the interface of the double van der Waals heterojunctions to reduce the dark current. The SWCNT/GdIG/Gr/GdIG/MoS2 flexible photodetector exhibits a high photoresponsivity of 47.375 A/W and a high detectivity of 1.952 × 1012 Jones at 450 nm, a high photoresponsivity of 109.311 A/W and a high detectivity of 4.504 × 1012 Jones at 1080 nm, and good mechanical stability at room temperature. This work demonstrates the good capacity of GdIG-assisted double van der Waals heterojunctions on flexible substrates and provides a new solution for constructing high-performance flexible photodetectors

Production of the H7N9/PR8 influenza vaccine candidate using reverse genetics, and the size distribution and shapes of the virus particles.

<p>(A) Preparation of the H7N9 vaccine seed strain using eight-plasmid reverse genetics. (B) Electron micrograph of recombinant H7N9/PR8 virus particles. (C) Most (73%) of 200 H7N9/PR8 virus particles were 80–120 nm in diameter.</p

Antibody responses to the H7N9/PR8 split vaccine in mice.

<p>Groups of 20 BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly at weeks 0 and 2 with 7.5, 15, 30, or 45 µg (HA levels) of the H7N9/PR8 split vaccine. (A) HI antibody responses to the (wt) AnHui virus after vaccination as described above. Serum samples were collected on day 0; 2 weeks after priming; and 2, 4, and 8 weeks after boosting. (B) Serum IgG titers against the (wt) AnHui virus measured 2 weeks after both the first and second doses of vaccine. (C) The ratios of serum IgG1 to IgG2a titers against the (wt) AnHui virus, calculated 2 weeks after the second dose of vaccine. The data are presented as means ± SDs of the data from three experiments, each performed in duplicate. HI, hemagglutination inhibition; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline. 2WPD1: 2 weeks post-vaccination with dose 1. 2WPD2: 2 weeks post-vaccination with dose 2; 4WPD2: 4 weeks post-vaccination with dose 2; 8WPD2: 8 weeks post-vaccination with dose 2.</p

Pathotyping and replication of intravenously administrated H7N9/PR8 transfectant virus in chickens^a.

a<p>Groups of chicken were infected i.v. with 0.2 ml of 1∶10 dilution of stock virus.</p>b<p>Oropharyngeal and Cloacal swabs were collected for virus titration on day 3 after inoculation. A mean value of 1.0 was considered for calculation if virus was not isolated from a swab.</p>c<p>Chickens were bled at 2 weeks after inoculation. Sero-conversion was confirmed and analyzed.</p