Fabrication of Cu-W Nanocomposites by Integration of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis and Hot Explosive Consolidation Technologies

Manufacturing W-Cu composite nanopowders was performed via joint reduction of CuO and WO3 oxides with various ratios (W:Cu = 2:1, 1:1, 1:3, 1:13.5) using combined Mg–C reducer. Combustion synthesis was used to synthesize homogeneous composite powders of W-Cu and hot explosive consolidation (HEC) technique was utilized to fabricate dense compacts from ultrafine structured W-Cu powders. Compact samples obtained from nanometer sized SHS powders demonstrated weak relation between the susceptibility and the applied magnetic field in comparison with the W and Cu containing micrometer grain size of metals. The density, microstructural uniformity and mechanical properties of SHS&HEC prepared samples were also evaluated. Internal friction (Q-1) and Young modulus (E) of fabricated composites studied for all samples indicated that the temperature 1000 °С is optimal for full annealing of microscopic defects of structure and internal stresses. Improved characteristics for Young modulus and internal friction were obtained for the W:Cu = 1:13.5 composite. According to microhardness measurement results, W-Cu nanopowders obtained by SHS method and compacted by HEC technology were characterized by enhanced (up to 85%) microhardness

ВАРИАНТЫ С-572G ГЕНА ИНТЕРЛЕЙКИНА-6 И С-1112Т ГЕНА ИНТЕРЛЕЙКИНА-13 И ОСОБЕННОСТИ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ ДИФФУЗНОГО ТОКСИЧЕСКОГО ЗОБА

Relevance. Diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) is an autoimmune thyroid disease, which is based on the excessive secretion of autoantibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TRAb). Over the last decades, high relapse rate of thyrotoxicosis is observed after withdrawal of conservative therapy. At the same time, there are no reliable criteria to predict the efficiency of drug therapy. It is widely discussedin literature that singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at cytokine-encoding genesnot only confers susceptibility to the DTG, but also has impact on the features ofclinical course of the disease .The aim of this study was to determine whether the SNPs in -572C/G (rs1800796) of IL6 or -1112C/Т (rs1800925) of IL13 genes can influence thedevelopment and clinical course of the diffuse toxic goiter (DTG).Materials and methods. We examined 270 patients with diffuse toxic goiter and 200 healthy persons (reference subjects)with the help of molecular genetic analysis of polymorphic variants of the gene encoding the Pro-inflammatory cytokines. Identification of C-572G of IL6 gene and C-1112T of IL13gene was performed using the PCR method followed by the restriction analysis.Results. We determined that the carriage of -572G allele of the rs1800796 in IL6 gene isassociated with the growth of recurrence risk of thyrotoxicosis and the absence of remission of DTGin 1.3 times (р=0.031, OR=1.3, 95 %, CI 0.98–1.76) and the carriage of CC genotype of the rs1800925 in IL13 – in 2.3 times (р=0.026, OR=2.3, 95 %, CI 1.09–4.82) respectively. The obtained results allowed to revealnew genetic markers of an adverse course in patients with diffuse toxic goiter, Saint Petersburg residents.Введение. Диффузный токсический зоб (ДТЗ) – аутоиммунное заболевание, в основе которого лежит образование аутоантител к рецептору тиреотропного гормона. За последние десятилетия отмечается неуклонный рост рецидива тиреотоксикоза после окончания консервативной терапии. При этом достоверных критериев, позволяющих прогнозировать эффективность медикаментозной терапии, не существует. В литературе широко обсуждается, что полиморфизм генов интерлейкинов (ИЛ) влияет как на предрасположенность к ДТЗ, так и на особенности его клинического течения.Целью исследования явилась оценка роли полиморфных вариантов С-572G (rs1800796) гена IL6 и С-1112Т (rs1800925) гена IL13 в развитии и клиническом течении ДТЗ.Материал и методы. Молекулярно-генетический анализ полиморфных вариантов гена, кодирующих провоспалительные цитокины, был выполнен у 270 больных ДТЗ и 200 лиц без аутоиммунной патологии. Идентификация С-572G гена IL6 и С-1112Т гена IL13 проведена методом ПЦР с последующим рестрикционным анализом.Результаты исследования. Установлено, что носительство аллеля -572G гена IL6 ассоциируется с повышением риска рецидива тиреотоксикоза и отсутствием ремиссии ДТЗ в 1,3 раза (р=0,031, OR=1,3, 95 % ДИ 0,98–1,76), а носительство генотипа С-1112С гена IL13 – в 2,3 раза (р=0,026, OR=2,3, 95 % ДИ 1,09–4,82). Полученные результаты позволили выявить новые генетические маркеры неблагоприятного течения у больных ДТЗ, жителей Санкт-Петербурга

VARIANTS OF С-572G OF IL6 AND С-1112T OF IL13 GENES POLYMORPHISMS AND FEATURES OF THE CLINICAL COURSE OF DIFFUSE TOXIC GOITER

Relevance. Diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) is an autoimmune thyroid disease, which is based on the excessive secretion of autoantibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TRAb). Over the last decades, high relapse rate of thyrotoxicosis is observed after withdrawal of conservative therapy. At the same time, there are no reliable criteria to predict the efficiency of drug therapy. It is widely discussedin literature that singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at cytokine-encoding genesnot only confers susceptibility to the DTG, but also has impact on the features ofclinical course of the disease .The aim of this study was to determine whether the SNPs in -572C/G (rs1800796) of IL6 or -1112C/Т (rs1800925) of IL13 genes can influence thedevelopment and clinical course of the diffuse toxic goiter (DTG).Materials and methods. We examined 270 patients with diffuse toxic goiter and 200 healthy persons (reference subjects)with the help of molecular genetic analysis of polymorphic variants of the gene encoding the Pro-inflammatory cytokines. Identification of C-572G of IL6 gene and C-1112T of IL13gene was performed using the PCR method followed by the restriction analysis.Results. We determined that the carriage of -572G allele of the rs1800796 in IL6 gene isassociated with the growth of recurrence risk of thyrotoxicosis and the absence of remission of DTGin 1.3 times (р=0.031, OR=1.3, 95 %, CI 0.98–1.76) and the carriage of CC genotype of the rs1800925 in IL13 – in 2.3 times (р=0.026, OR=2.3, 95 %, CI 1.09–4.82) respectively. The obtained results allowed to revealnew genetic markers of an adverse course in patients with diffuse toxic goiter, Saint Petersburg residents