3,6-Dihydr­oxy-2′-[(2-hydr­oxy-1-naphth­yl)methyl­eneamino]xanthene-9-spiro-1′-isoindolin-3′-one acetonitrile solvate

The title compound, C31H20N2O5·C2H3N, was synthesized by the reaction of fluorescein hydrazide and excess 2-hydr­oxy-1-naphthaldehyde in acetonitrile. The spirolactam ring is planar and is nearly at right angles to the two benzene rings of the xanthene system. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings of the xanthene system is 9.92 (4)°. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked into extended two-dimensional networks by inter­molecular hydrogen bonding. Acetonitrile mol­ecules are located in the voids between the two-dimensional networks

Predicting the Floc Characteristics and Settling Velocity of Flocs under Variable Dosage of Polyacrylamide

In this study, floc characteristics such as fractal dimension and settling velocity were investigated through a flocculantion process with a polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculant over a range of suspended particle concentrations, suspension type and flocculant dosage. The floc’s structure and morphology were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. Floc settling velocity was measured in a settling column in a laboratory. The results showed that, the surface fractal dimension ranged from 1.044 to 1.415, which quantitatively confirmed the round and layered structure of flocs observed in SEM analyses. The PAM flocculant was proved to be more effective in flocculantion process, increasing the settling velocity. Therefore, an appropriate PAM dosage is an excellent candidate as efficient flocculant. A possible flocculantion mechanism for PAM was further analyzed. For alkaline or neutral environments, adsorption and bridging effects are dominant while charge neutralization is favored in acidic conditions.In this study, floc characteristics such as fractal dimension and settling velocity were investigated through a flocculantion process with a polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculant over a range of suspended particle concentrations, suspension type and flocculant dosage. The floc’s structure and morphology were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. Floc settling velocity was measured in a settling column in a laboratory. The results showed that, the surface fractal dimension ranged from 1.044 to 1.415, which quantitatively confirmed the round and layered structure of flocs observed in SEM analyses. The PAM flocculant was proved to be more effective in flocculantion process, increasing the settling velocity. Therefore, an appropriate PAM dosage is an excellent candidate as efficient flocculant. A possible flocculantion mechanism for PAM was further analyzed. For alkaline or neutral environments, adsorption and bridging effects are dominant while charge neutralization is favored in acidic conditions

African Journal of Biotechnology

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the global scientific production of Taxus (yew) research, study the characteristics of Taxus research activities, and identify patterns, tendencies, and regularities of Taxusrelated articles. Data were based on the online version of Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIExpanded), from the Web of Science database. Articles referring to Taxus were assessed by the trend of publication output during 1991 to 2010. Globally, 2,916 papers were published during the 20-year study period. The most productive countries, institutions, Web of Science subject categories, and journals, as well as the most cited articles, were identified. The mainstream research on Taxus was in the plant sciences, biochemistry and molecular biology, cardiac and cardiovascular systems, biotechnology and applied microbiology. The G7 industrial countries, as well as China and India held the majority of total world production. Research on the various economically important Taxus species remained the hotspot during the 20-year study period, whereas that on the related topic "paclitaxel eluting stents" increased dramatically since 2002. With synthetic analysis of word in article title, author keyword, abstract, and key words Plus, it can be concluded that application of compounds derived from Taxus in clinical cardiology, pharmacology and oncology, and research related to Taxus chemistry, metabolism, cytology and microbiology is the ongoing Taxus-related research in the 21st century. Gaps are present in knowledge about the genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics of Taxus and their endophytic fungi

Neovasculature in 3D-PLGA/nHAp Scaffolds for Murine Critical Sized Bone Defect Regeneration by Photoacoustic Imaging: A Preliminary Study

Abstract: Reconstruction of large bone defects remains a challenge in the orthopaedic clinic. Genetic modification of biomaterial scaffold provides the opportunity to control the cellular microenvironment by inducing expression of tissue inductive factors to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Angiogenesis in tissue-engineering scaffolds is essential for supplying oxygen and nutrients to the cells, removing waste products, and ultimately functionalizing implanted scaffolds. However, it was difficult to visualize and measure angiogenesis in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds or new bone in bone tissue engineering in vivo and non-invasively. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is a novel imaging modality that can acquire volumetric data in a non-invasive manner. In this study, we fabricated lentivirus-mediated genetic modification of 3D-PLGA/nHAp scaffold (PH), which can deliver recombinant lentivirus carrying cytokine gene-pdgfb (LV-pdgfb). In vitro, the modified scaffolds (PHp) continuously released bioactive LV-pdgfb particles for up to 5 days, and expressed PDGF-BB and significantly promoted migration of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs). In vivo, we detected that there were significant increasing of expressing of pdgfb and angiogenesis related genes. In this preliminary study, by using acoustic-resolution PAM (AR-PAM) and optical-resolution PAM (OR-PAM), we have investigated the blood vessels pattern in mouse calvaria in vivo. We have confirmed that PAM is a useful tool in evaluating neovasculature in bone tissue. In the future, we will quantify the neovasculature in 3D-scaffold which assisted bone regeneration by PAM scanning, and correlate the neovasculature with new bone regeneration in a murine calvarial critical bone defect model in the future work

Functional and Transcriptomic Characterization of a Dye-decolorizing Fungus from Taxus Rhizosphere

We isolated three laccase-producing fungus strains from Taxus rhizosphere. Myrotheium verrucaria strain DJTU-sh7 had the highest laccase activity of 216.2 U/ml, which was increased to above 300 U/ml after optimization. DJTU-sh7 had the best decolorizing effect for three classes of reactive dyes. The DJTU-sh7-containing fungal consortium displayed the robust decolorizing ability. Both color removal efficiency and chemical oxygen demand were increased in the consortium mediated biotransformation. Transcriptome changes of M. verrucaria elicited by azo dye and phenolic were quantified by the high throughput transcriptome sequencing, and the activities of the selected oxidases and reductases were determined. The possible involvement of oxidases and reductases, especially laccase, aryl alcohol oxidase, and ferric reductase in the biotransformation of dye and phenolic compounds was revealed at both transcriptomic and phenotypic levels. Revealing the transcriptomic mechanisms of fungi in dealing with organic pollutants facilitates the fine-tuned manipulation of strains in developing novel bioremediation and biodegradation strategies