A state-level study of opioid use disorder treatment access and neonatal abstinence syndrome

Background Adult opioid use and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) are growing public health problems in the United States (U.S.). Our objective was to determine how opioid use disorder treatment access impacts the relationship between adult opioid use and NAS. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional state-level ecologic study using 36 states with available Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases in 2014. Opioid use disorder treatment access was determined by the: 1) proportion of people needing but not receiving substance use treatment, 2) density of buprenorphine-waivered physicians, and 3) proportion of individuals in outpatient treatment programs (OTPs). The incidence of NAS was defined as ICD-9 code 779.5 (drug withdrawal syndrome in newborn) from any discharge diagnosis field per 1000 live births in that state. Results Unmet need for substance use disorder treatment correlated with NAS (r = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.26–0.73). The correlation between adult illicit drug use/dependence and NAS was higher in states with a lower density of buprenorphine-waivered physicians and individuals in OTPs. Conclusions Measures of opioid use disorder treatment access dampened the correlation between illicit drug use/dependence and NAS. Future studies using community- or individual-level data may be better poised to answer the question of whether or not opioid use disorder treatment access improves NAS relative to adult opioid use

Supporting Disaster Resilience Spatial Thinking with Serious GeoGames: Project Lily Pad

The need for improvement of societal disaster resilience and response efforts was evident after the destruction caused by the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. We present a novel conceptual framework for improving disaster resilience through the combination of serious games, geographic information systems (GIS), spatial thinking, and disaster resilience. Our framework is implemented via Project Lily Pad, a serious geogame based on our conceptual framework, serious game case studies, interviews and real-life experiences from 2017 Hurricane Harvey survivors in Dickinson, TX, and an immersive hurricane-induced flooding scenario. The game teaches a four-fold set of skills relevant to spatial thinking and disaster resilience, including reading a map, navigating an environment, coding verbal instructions, and determining best practices in a disaster situation. Results of evaluation of the four skills via Project Lily Pad through a “think aloud” study conducted by both emergency management novices and professionals revealed that the game encouraged players to think spatially, can help build awareness for disaster response scenarios, and has potential for real-life use by emergency management professionals. It can be concluded from our results that the combination of serious games, geographic information systems (GIS), spatial thinking, and disaster resilience, as implemented via Project Lily Pad and our evaluation results, demonstrated the wide range of possibilities for using serious geogames to improve disaster resilience spatial thinking and potentially save lives when disasters occur

Implications of Inattention

In the present paper we use behavioral and resting state neuroimaging data to investigate the implications of having symptoms of Inattentive ADHD. We frame our investigation by considering two factors that seem to contribute to Inattention: temporal processing deficits and mind-wandering. Using behavioral measures we assess the relationship between Inattention and Cognitive ability – as measured by IQ and reading tests, motor function, as measured by parent questionnaires, and psychosocial functioning, also gauged by parent report. We find a strong link between Inattention and deficits in the domains of motor and psychosocial functioning. We also obtained somewhat paradoxical results in the domain of reading ability. In our fMRI analysis, we assess network-wide connectivity between the motor (MOT), default mode (DMN), and frontoparietal control (FPCN) networks. No significant correlations were found between connectivity and Inattention, but we did find that Anger scores correlated positively with connectivity between FPCN and DMN. Our results suggest that for implicit timing and mind-wandering are both helpful frameworks for understanding Inattention; while mind-wandering helps us understand the link between Inattention and psychosocial challenges, implicit timing gives insight into the overlap between Inattention, motor function, and rapid automatized naming

Modern Methods of Chemical Analysis

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Modern Methods of Chemical Analysis

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Predicting Future Success from College Life

Abstract not availabl