Yielded to Christ or conformed to this world? Postwar Mennonite responses to labour activism

This is the accepted version of the manuscript.The urbanization of North American Mennonites after the Second World War necessitated a reconsideration of Mennonite religious beliefs. Post-war concerns for social justice led to a greater emphasis on non-violence and agape at the expense of Gelassenheit. The tenor of Mennonite church conference resolutions regarding labour union membership changed; while skepticism remained regarding the wisdom of union involvement, the door was left open for participation in unions. The labour militancy of the 1970s led Manitoba Mennonites to re-examine their engagement with the labour movement, a process that has continued to the present day. Without further research on Mennonite workplaces, it cannot be known exactly how the change in religious emphases has affected Mennonite identity.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/00084298070360020

Contact dermatitis and other skin conditions in instrumental musicians

BACKGROUND: The skin is important in the positioning and playing of a musical instrument. During practicing and performing there is a permanent more or less intense contact between the instrument and the musician's skin. Apart from aggravation of predisposed skin diseases (e.g., atopic eczema or psoriasis) due to music-making, specific dermatologic conditions may develop that are directly caused by playing a musical instrument. METHODS: To perform a systematic review on instrument-related skin diseases in musicians we searched the PubMed database without time limits. Furthermore we studied the online bibliography "Occupational diseases of performing artist. A performing arts medicine bibliography. October, 2003" and checked references of all selected articles for relevant papers. RESULTS: The most prevalent skin disorders of instrumental musicians, in particular string instrumentalists (e.g., violinists, cellists, guitarists), woodwind players (e.g., flautists, clarinetists), and brass instrumentalists (e.g., trumpeters), include a variety of allergic contact sensitizations (e.g., colophony, nickel, and exotic woods) and irritant (physical-chemical noxae) skin conditions whose clinical presentation and localization are usually specific for the instrument used (e.g., "fiddler's neck", "cellist's chest", "guitar nipple", "flautist's chin"). Apart from common callosities and "occupational marks" (e.g., "Garrod's pads") more or less severe skin injuries may occur in musical instrumentalists, in particular acute and chronic wounds including their complications. Skin infections such as herpes labialis seem to be a more common skin problem in woodwind and brass instrumentalists. CONCLUSIONS: Skin conditions may be a significant problem not only in professional instrumentalists, but also in musicians of all ages and ability. Although not life threatening they may lead to impaired performance and occupational hazard. Unfortunately, epidemiological investigations have exclusively been performed on orchestra musicians, though the prevalence of instrument-related skin conditions in other musician groups (e.g., jazz and rock musicians) is also of interest. The practicing clinician should be aware of the special dermatologic problems unique to the musical instrumentalist. Moreover awareness among musicians needs to be raised, as proper technique and conditioning may help to prevent affection of performance and occupational impairment

Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange between MBH4 and MBD4 (M = Li, Na). Isotope Effects on the 1H and 11B NMR Spectra of the BHnD4-n Anions and a Discussion of Exchange Reactions in Some Covalent Tetrahydroborate Systems

The H NMR spectra of lithium and sodium borohydrides, in various solvents, have been recorded. The resulting chemical shift and coupling constant data do not yield any clear indications of variations in solution structure. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange between LiBH and LiBD occurs in some ethereal solvents yielding a mixture of partially substituted species, LiBHD (n = 0 to 4). These observations are relevant to the isotopic distribution in the products of exchange reactions involving some covalent borohydrides. Isotope effects in the H and B NMR spectra of LiBHD (THF solvent) and NaBHD (alkaline aqueous solvent) are described. Chemical shifts (B and H) and coupling constants, J(B-H), decrease approximately monatonically with deuterium substitution. These isotope effects are considered to arise from the modification of the vibrational characteristics of the (BHD) species

Management of sweet corn root rot and crown rot in the Pacific Northwest: Report to the Oregon Processed Vegetable Commission, 2005

Objective 1: Evaluation commercial sweet corn varieties in small plots for susceptibility to seed rot/damping-off as well as crown rot