On the schur and singular value decompositions of oscillatory matrices

AbstractA square matrix A is said to be oscillatory if it has nonnegative minors and some power Ak of A is strictly totally positive (i.e., Ak has strictly positive minors). We study the Schur and singular value decompositions of oscillatory matrices. Some applications are provided

Optimal interval length for the collocation of the Newton interpolation basis

It is known that the Lagrange interpolation problem at equidistant nodes is ill-conditioned. We explore the influence of the interval length in the computation of divided differences of the Newton interpolation formula. Condition numbers are computed for lower triangular matrices associated to the Newton interpolation formula at equidistant nodes. We consider the collocation matrices L and PL of the monic Newton basis and a normalized Newton basis, so that PL is the lower triangular Pascal matrix. In contrast to L, PL does not depend on the interval length, and we show that the Skeel condition number of the (n + 1) × (n + 1) lower triangular Pascal matrix is 3n. The 8-norm condition number of the collocation matrix L of the monic Newton basis is computed in terms of the interval length. The minimum asymptotic growth rate is achieved for intervals of length 3

Central orderings for the Newton interpolation formula

The stability properties of the Newton interpolation formula depend on the order of the nodes and can be measured through a condition number. Increasing and Leja orderings have been previously considered (Carnicer et al. in J Approx Theory, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jat.2017.07.005; Reichel in BIT 30:332–346, 1990). We analyze central orderings for equidistant nodes on a bounded real interval. A bound for conditioning is given. We demonstrate in particular that this ordering provides a more stable Newton formula than the natural increasing order. We also analyze of a central ordering with respect to the evaluation point, which provides low bounds for the conditioning. Numerical examples are included

Optimal stability of the Lagrange formula and conditioning of the Newton formula

A pointwise condition number associated to a representation of an interpolation operator is introduced. It is proved that the Lagrange formula is optimal with respect to this conditioning. For other representations of the interpolation operator, an upper bound for the conditioning is derived. A quantitative measure in terms of the Skeel condition number is used to compare the conditioning with the Lagrange representation. The conditioning of the Newton representation is considered for increasing nodes and for nodes in Leja order. For the polynomial Newton formula with n+1 equidistant nodes in increasing order, it is proved that 3n is the best uniform bound of its conditioning and it is attained at the last node. Numerical experiments are included

On the stability of the representation of finite rank operators

The stability of the representation of finite rank operators in terms of a basis is analyzed. A conditioning is introduced as a measure of the stability properties. This conditioning improves some other conditionings because it is closer to the Lebesgue function. Improved bounds for the conditioning of the Fourier sums with respect to an orthogonal basis are obtained, in particular, for Legendre, Chebyshev, and disk polynomials. The Lagrange and Newton formulae for the interpolating polynomial are also considered

Accurate inverses of Nekrasov Z-matrices

We present a parametrization of a Nekrasov Z-matrix that allows us to compute its inverse with high relative accuracy. Numerical examples illustrating the accuracy of the method are included

Geometric properties and algorithms for rational q-Bézier curves and surfaces

In this paper, properties and algorithms of q-Bézier curves and surfaces are analyzed. It is proven that the only q-Bézier and rational q-Bézier curves satisfying the boundary tangent property are the Bézier and rational Bézier curves, respectively. Evaluation algorithms formed by steps in barycentric form for rational q-Bézier curves and surfaces are provided

Accurate evaluation of Bézier curves and surfaces and the Bernstein-Fourier algorithm

The Bernstein-Fourier algorithm for the evaluation of polynomial curves is extended for the evaluation of polynomial tensor product surfaces. Under a natural hypothesis, accurate evaluation of Bézier curves and surfaces through several algorithms is discussed. Numerical experiments comparing the accuracy of the corresponding Horner, de Casteljau, VS and Bernstein-Fourier algorithms are presented

On the asymptotic optimality of error bounds for some linear complementarity problems

We introduce strong B-matrices and strong B-Nekrasov matrices, for which some error bounds for linear complementarity problems are analyzed. In particular, it is proved that the bounds of García-Esnaola and Peña (Appl. Math. Lett. 22, 1071–1075, 2009) and of (Numer. Algor. 72, 435–445, 2016) are asymptotically optimal for strong B-matrices and strong B-Nekrasov matrices, respectively. Other comparisons with a bound of Li and Li (Appl. Math. Lett. 57, 108–113, 2016) are performed

B-Nekrasov matrices and error bounds for linear complementarity problems

The class of B-Nekrasov matrices is a subclass of P-matrices that contains Nekrasov Z-matrices with positive diagonal entries as well as B-matrices. Error bounds for the linear complementarity problem when the involved matrix is a B-Nekrasov matrix are presented. Numerical examples show the sharpness and applicability of the bounds