Methodological requirements for the naturalistic nutritional orientation from the curriculum of the Medicine career

Introduction: the training of general practitioners is increasingly demanded in the primary healthcare level (PHC), in order to achieve efficiency, quality and satisfaction of the population with the health services provided by professionals.  In this sense, the modalities of Natural and Traditional Medicine contribute to such purpose, from the implementation in the study programs of the subjects which constitute the curriculum and their expression in the education at work. Objective: to elaborate the methodological requirements that contributes to the naturalistic nutritional orientation in the curriculum of the Medicine career. Method: methods of the theoretical level were used such as analysis and synthesis, logical history, documentary review of the curricular components, among others, which allowed the methodological foundation for the naturalistic nutritional orientation. Results: methodological requirements were developed, based on a set of essential relationships that make it possible to structure the content and teaching activities of the subjects with the elements of nutrition for the development of health promotion actions during education at work. Conclusions: the contents of the programs in the subjects of the base curriculum, own and optional/elective, of the Curriculum "D" in the Medicine career, contribute to the development of the naturalistic nutritional orientation, in the different scenarios of attention to the individual, the family and the community, which guarantees healthy lifestyles and improvement of the state of health in the population

Requerimientos metodológicos para la orientación nutricional naturalista desde el currículo de la carrera de Medicina

Introduction: the training of general practitioners is increasingly demanded in the primary healthcare level (PHC), in order to achieve efficiency, quality and satisfaction of the population with the health services provided by professionals.  In this sense, the modalities of Natural and Traditional Medicine contribute to such purpose, from the implementation in the study programs of the subjects which constitute the curriculum and their expression in the education at work.Objective: to elaborate the methodological requirements that contributes to the naturalistic nutritional orientation in the curriculum of the Medicine career. Method: methods of the theoretical level were used such as analysis and synthesis, logical history, documentary review of the curricular components, among others, which allowed the methodological foundation for the naturalistic nutritional orientation. Results: methodological requirements were developed, based on a set of essential relationships that make it possible to structure the content and teaching activities of the subjects with the elements of nutrition for the development of health promotion actions during education at work.Conclusions: the contents of the programs in the subjects of the base curriculum, own and optional/elective, of the Curriculum "D" in the Medicine career, contribute to the development of the naturalistic nutritional orientation, in the different scenarios of attention to the individual, the family and the community, which guarantees healthy lifestyles and improvement of the state of health in the population.Introducción: la formación del médico general es cada vez más demandada desde el primer nivel de atención, con el propósito de lograr eficiencia, calidad y satisfacción de la población con los servicios de salud que brindan los profesionales del sector. En tal sentido, las modalidades de Medicina Natural y Tradicional contribuyen a tales fines, desde la implementación en los programas de estudio de las asignaturas que conforman el currículo y su expresión en la educación en el trabajo.Objetivo: elaborar los requerimientos metodológicos que contribuyan a la orientación nutricional naturalista en el currículo de la carrera de Medicina. Método: se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico como análisis y síntesis, histórico lógico, revisión documental de los componentes curriculares, entre otros, que permitieron la fundamentación metodológica para la orientación nutricional naturalista. Resultados: se elaboraron requerimientos metodológicos, sustentados en un conjunto de relaciones esenciales que permiten estructurar el contenido y las actividades docentes de las asignaturas con los elementos de nutrición para el desarrollo de acciones de promoción de salud durante la educación en el trabajo. Conclusiones: los contenidos de los programas de las asignaturas del currículo base, propio y optativo/electivo, del Plan de Estudios “D” de la carrera de Medicina, contribuyen al desarrollo de la orientación nutricional naturalista en los diferentes escenarios de atención al individuo, la familia y la comunidad, lo que garantiza estilos de vida saludables y mejora del estado de salud de la población

Pénfigo vulgar infantil. Presentación de un caso

It was presented a clinical case of a 16-year-old female patient with a pemphigus vulgaris diagnosis at the General Teaching Hospital “Dr. Agostinho Neto”, Guantanamo, July-October 2017. Child-youth pemphigus vulgaris is not very frequent in our country (0.1-0.5%); however, it is the most common and serious form of pemphigus. It occurs most frequently in the fourth and sixth decade of life, being rare in children. It has no sex or race predilection, it is associated with immune disorders. It is characterized by the appearance of relatively tight blisters, on skin and mucosa membranes, which later break and form erosions of macerated surfaces, covered with whitish material and very painful, making patients weak, and along with the loss of electrolytes through skin lesions, can lead to death.Se presentó el caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 16 años, con diagnóstico de pénfigo vulgar juvenil en el Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto”, Guantánamo, en el periodo julio-octubre de 2017. El pénfigo vulgar infanto-juvenil no es muy frecuente en nuestro país (0,1 - 0.5 %); sin embargo, es la forma más habitual y grave de los pénfigos. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia en la cuarta y sexta décadas de la vida, siendo extraña en niños. No tiene predilección por sexo ni raza, se asocia con trastornos inmunológicos. Se caracteriza por la aparición de ampollas relativamente tensas en piel y mucosas, las cuales posteriormente se rompen y forman erosiones de superficies maceradas, recubiertas con material blanquecino y muy dolorosas, haciendo que los pacientes se debiliten. La pérdida de electrolitos a través de las lesiones de piel puede ocasionar, incluso, la muerte