Internet podstawowym narzędziem innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw i administracji

Nowadays global economy passes through the period of intense modifications that can be characterized with continuing globalization, service economy, technological development, progress in computer science and telecommunication, increasing competition between companies, regions, countries and even people. In the economy where knowledge becomes a crucial factor, used information and communication technology increases its value as well. Those mentioned technologies intensify process of sharing knowledge as the source of knowledge. Information technologies are considered to be the condition of modernity growth and competitiveness of the economy, they also support development of countries’ intellectual potential and citizens’ skills, because they are an instrument of efficient usage of knowledge and information. As an information technologies we understand technology of: gathering, collecting, storing, processing and sharing information through up-to-date technology tools. Such technology is the Internet, which affects the change of communication methods between people, labor and enterprises’ activities. Internet as a new medium of communication creates convenient space for exchange of different messages among business partners. This is also a place where company images and identities are created, marketing activities, selling products and services take place, as well as making payments and establishing contacts with clients. Thesis made in this article states that in years 2014–2020 the Internet will be the basis for innovative businesses and administrations

Filozofia religii Abrahama Joshuy Heschela - mistycyzm bez magii?

The article is devoted to the mystical nature of the philosophy of depth, as conceived Abraham Joshua Heschel. Although this philosophy draws strongly upon the Hasidic and Kabbalistic tradition, its mysticism is existential as opposed to magical.The article is devoted to the mystical nature of the philosophy of depth, as conceived Abraham Joshua Heschel. Although this philosophy draws strongly upon the Hasidic and Kabbalistic tradition, its mysticism is existential as opposed to magical

The role of interleukin-18 in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and other allergic diseases and in activation of basophils and mastocytes

Interleukina 18 (IL-18) jest prozapalną cytokiną produkowaną przez szereg komórek, biorącą udział w patogenezie chorób o podłożu zapalnym jak na przykład astma atopowa. Wykazano, że IL-18 wpływa na limfocyty T, wywołując nadwrażliwość drzewa oskrzelowego oraz rozwój stanu zapalnego. Ponadto stymuluje limfocyty Th1 do wydzielania cytokin i chemokin stymulujących nacieki w drogach oddechowych i odczyn zapalny. Pobudza także mastocyty i bazofile biorące udział w odczynie atopowym. Astma atopowa jest chorobą charakteryzującą się eozynofilowymi naciekami w drogach oddechowych wraz z remodelingiem, nadmiernym wydzielaniem śluzu oraz wysokimi stężeniami IgE w surowicy. Wyniki ostatnich badań wykazały, że w patogenezie astmy rolę odgrywa także odpowiedź immunologiczna typu Th2 związana z atopią oraz rozwojem stanu zapalnego przy udziale IgE oraz prozapalnych cytokin, jak na przykład Il-18. W niniejszym opracowaniu omówiono rolę IL-18 w aktywacji mastocytów i bazofili oraz patogenezie chorób atopowych.Interleukin-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by a wide range of cells and is involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases such as atopic asthma. It was recently demonstrated that IL-18 acts on T cells to induce airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. These observations strongly indicate that IL-18 stimulates Th1 cells to produce cytokines and chemokines responsible for the airway infiltration and inflammatory responsiveness. Moreover IL-18 activates mast cells and basophils playing the important role in atopy. Atopic asthma is characterized by eosinophilic airway inflammation, remodeling, mucus hypersecretion and high serum levels of IgE. Most current data suggest that asthma drives development of a Th2 lymphocyte-predominant immune response, which is associated with atopy and IgE mediated inflammation via pathways involving the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-18. Here we discuss the functional role of IL-18 in activation of mast cells and basophils and pathogenesis of allergic diseases

Diagnostyka elektrokardiograficzna w warunkach SOR za pomocą mobilnego jednoodprowadzeniowego urządzenia EKG

Introduction. Electrocardiography (ECG) is one of the basic diagnostic tests used in emergency departments and byemergency medical services. Life-threatening arrhythmias can be detected using a single-lead ECG. Therefore, single--lead ECG devices can be used for arrhythmia detection, as their availability steadily increases. Kardia Mobile from Alive-Cor is an example of such a device, recording a single-lead ECG and automatically detecting atrial fibrillation (AF) — themost common complex supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the utility of a single-leadmobile ECG device in detecting AF in medical practice of emergency services. Material and methods. Study included 118 patients (62 women and 56 men) who were hospitalized in a hospitalemergency department and consented to examination with Kardia Mobile immediately after a standard 12-lead ECG.Results of both tests were subsequently compared. Ultimately, 121 different pairs of ECG recordings were analyzed (in3 cases an additional ECG recording was performed after an electrical cardioversion). Results. Sinus rhythm was identified in 99 patients and 22 were diagnosed with AF using a 12-lead ECG (reference).Kardia Mobile correctly detected AF in 19 of 22 patients with AF (sensitivity: 86.4%) and absence of AF in 96 of 99people without AF (specificity: 97%). Conclusions. Kardia Mobile device is effective in automated detection of AF among patients hospitalized in the emergencydepartment.Wstęp. Elektrokardiografia (EKG) jest jednym z podstawowych badań wykorzystywanych w praktyce szpitalnych oddziałów ratunkowych (SOR) i zespołów ratownictwa medycznego. Zaburzenia rytmu mogące powodować zatrzymanie krążenia należą do najważniejszych dla zdrowia pacjenta nieprawidłowości wykrywanych w badaniu EKG. Są one widoczne we wszystkich odprowadzeniach EKG, co pozwala używać do ich wykrywania jednoodprowadzeniowych aparatw EKG, których dostępność na rynku istotnie się zwiększyła. Przykładem takiego urządzenia jest Kardia Mobile firmy AliveCor, zdolne do akwizycji pojedynczego odprowadzenia EKG oraz do automatycznej detekcji rytmu zatokowego oraz migotania przedsionków (AF), najczęściej występującej złożonej tachyarytmii nadkomorowej. Celem pracy jest określenie przydatności mobilnych jednoodprowadzeniowych rejestratorów EKG detekcji AF w warunkach SOR. Materiał i metody. Do badania włączono 118 osób (62 kobiety i 56 mężczyzn) hospitalizowanych na SOR, które wyraziły zgodę na wykonanie badania urządzeniem Kardia Mobile bezpośrednio po wykonaniu standardowego 12-odprowadzeniowego badania EKG. Wyniki obu badań porównywano. Ostatecznie analizowano 121 różnych par odczytów EKG (u 3 pacjentów wykonano akwizycję EKG przed zabiegem kardiowersji elektrycznej i po nim). Wyniki. W 12-odprowadzeniowym (referencyjnym) zapisie EKG rytm zatokowy rozpoznano u 99 badanych, u 22 badanych rozpoznano AF. Urządzenie Kardia Mobile prawidłowo rozpoznało AF u 19 spośród 22 badanych z arytmią (czułość: 86,4%), a brak AF — u 96 z 99 badanych (swoistość: 97%). Wnioski. Urządzenie Kardia Mobile jest w efektywnym narzędziem w diagnostyce AF w warunkach SOR

IL16 and IL18 gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes

Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a carbohydrate intolerance that occurs during pregnancy. Various inflammatory mediators are considered to be risk factors leading to GDM development. Among them are pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL16 and IL18. The aim of this study was to examine the association between IL16 and IL18 polymorphisms and GDM. Material and methods: This study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). All samples were genotyped in duplicate using allelic discrimination assays with TaqMan® probes. Results: We observed that there was a decreased frequency of IL16 rs4778889 CC genotype carriers among women with GDM (CC vs. CT + TT: OR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.02–1.15; p = 0.034). However, there was no significant difference in the distri­bution of alleles (C vs. T: OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.54–1.21; p = 0.30). There was a decreased frequency of the IL18 rs187238 G allele among GDM women (G vs. C: OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.53–0.96; p = 0.027). We also observed a decreased frequency of the IL18 rs1946518 T allele among women with GDM; however, this difference had only borderline statistical significance. We observed an association between IL18 rs187238, rs1946518 and BMI in pregnant women. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that IL18 rs187238 and rs1946518 polymorphisms may be associated with an increased risk of GDM as well as with BMI in pregnant women

The expansion of CD4(+)CD28(- )T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Clonal expansion of CD4(+)CD28(- )T cells is a characteristic finding in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Expanded CD4(+ )clonotypes are present in the peripheral blood, infiltrate into the joints, and persist for years. CD4(+)CD28(- )T cells are oligoclonal lymphocytes that are rare in healthy individuals but are found in high percentages in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. The size of the peripheral blood CD4(+)CD28(- )T-cell compartment was determined in 42 patients with RA and 24 healthy subjects by two-color FACS analysis. The frequency of CD4(+)CD28(- )T cells was significantly higher in RA patients than in healthy subjects. Additionally, the number of these cells was significantly higher in patients with extra-articular manifestations and advanced joint destruction than in patients with limited joint manifestations. The results suggest that the frequency of CD4(+)CD28(- )T cells may be a marker correlating with extra-articular manifestations and joint involvement

The impact of multiple sclerosis relapse treatment on migration of effector T cells – Preliminary study

Migration of inflammatory cells from the blood to the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial for development of multiple sclerosis (MS). Inhibition of this process would allow to control disease activity. The first step confirming this approach would be the analysis of the impact of effective MS relapse therapy on migration of effector T cells. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of methylprednisolone (MP) on the migratory activity of effector CD4+ T cells from MS patients. Moreover, to study the potential mechanism of this process we studied expression of chemokine receptors on migrating cells. Material and methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients during relapse (n=23) and from control group (n=23). After isolation CD4+ T cells were incubated with various concentrations of MP. Then they were stimulated in chemotaxis assay with chemokines CCL3 or CXCL10 or were used to CCR1 and CXCR3 expression analysis. Results CXCL10- and CCL3-stimulated migration of CD4+ T cells was significantly increased in MS. MP was able to reduce in vitro migration of effector T cells induced by CXCL10, but not by CCL3. Inhibition by MP was dose-dependent. Expression of analyzed chemokine receptors was unaltered after MP incubation. Conclusions MP reduced CD4+ T cells migration induced by CXCL10 without affecting CXCR3 expression. These observations demonstrate one of the potential mechanisms of MP action in MS, distinct from inducing cell apoptosis, and suggests the new targets for development of more effective MS treatments