A Promising Cobalt Catalyst for Hydrogen Production

In this work, a metal cobalt catalyst was synthesized, and its activity in the hydrogen production process was tested. The substrates were water and ethanol. Activity tests were conducted at a temperature range of 350–600 °C, water to ethanol molar ratio of 3 to 5, and a feed flow of 0.4 to 1.2 mol/h. The catalyst had a specific surface area of 1.75 m2/g. The catalyst was most active at temperatures in the range of 500–600 °C. Under the most favorable conditions, the ethanol conversion was 97%, the hydrogen production efficiency was 4.9 mol (H2)/mol(ethanol), and coke production was very low (16 mg/h). Apart from hydrogen and coke, CO2, CH4, CO, and traces of C2H2 and C2H4 were formed

A Promising Cobalt Catalyst for Hydrogen Production

In this work, a metal cobalt catalyst was synthesized, and its activity in the hydrogen production process was tested. The substrates were water and ethanol. Activity tests were conducted at a temperature range of 350–600 °C, water to ethanol molar ratio of 3 to 5, and a feed flow of 0.4 to 1.2 mol/h. The catalyst had a specific surface area of 1.75 m2/g. The catalyst was most active at temperatures in the range of 500–600 °C. Under the most favorable conditions, the ethanol conversion was 97%, the hydrogen production efficiency was 4.9 mol (H2)/mol(ethanol), and coke production was very low (16 mg/h). Apart from hydrogen and coke, CO2, CH4, CO, and traces of C2H2 and C2H4 were formed

Efficient Conversion of Ethanol to Hydrogen in a Hybrid Plasma-Catalytic Reactor

The present work describes highly efficient hydrogen production from ethanol in a plasma-catalytic reactor depending on the discharge power and catalyst bed temperature. Hydrogen production increased as the power increased from 15 to 25 W. A further power increase to 35 W did not increase hydrogen production. The catalyst was already active at a temperature of 250 °C, and its activity increased with increasing temperature to 450 °C. The further temperature increase did not increase the activity of the cobalt catalyst. The most important advantage of using the catalyst was the increased ethanol conversion to CO2 instead of CO production. As a result, the hydrogen yield was very high and reached 4.1 mol(H2)/mol(C2H5OH). This result was obtained with a stoichiometric molar ratio of water to ethanol of 3

Decomposition of Tars on a Nickel Honeycomb Catalyst

Biomass can be considered a renewable energy source. It undergoes a gasification process to obtain gaseous fuel, which converts it into combustible gaseous products such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. The process also generates undesirable tars that can condense in gas lines and cause corrosion, and after processing, can be an additional source of combustible gases. This study focused on the processing of tar substances with toluene as a model substance. The effect of discharge power and carrier gas composition on toluene conversion was tested. The process was conducted in a plasma-catalytic system with a new Ni3Al system in the form of a honeycomb. The toluene conversion reached 90%, and small amounts of ethane, ethylene, acetylene, benzene, and C3 and C4 hydrocarbons were detected in the post-reaction mixture. Changes in the surface composition of the Ni3Al catalyst were observed throughout the experiments. These changes did not affect the toluene conversion

A Measurement-Aided Control System for Stabilization of the Real-Life Stewart Platform

In the paper, an innovative control system devoted to the stabilization of the parallel manipulator-type Hexapod is presented. The device consists of three main parts, allowing us to reach the desired location during various external disturbances. Indeed, the telescopic boom located on the car along with the system providing the correction of the boom column deflection as well as the gyroscopic self-leveling head constitute a complex tool covering a plethora of modern techniques and solutions. Through the application of advanced issues strictly derived from nonlinear identification and multivariable control theory branches, the dynamical behavior of the discussed device has been handled in order to achieve a proper reference operation. Naturally, it has been supported by a set of accompanying approaches related to the processes of the real-time measurement and robust data transmission. It should be emphasized that the proposed computer-aided system is intended for the film industry, where image stabilization plays a crucial role. Such a statement has additionally been confirmed by other innovative products introduced by a company placed in Opole, Poland, called MovieBird International

Improvement of Baro Sensors Matrix for Altitude Estimation

The article presents the use of barometric sensors to precisely determine the altitude of a flying object. The sensors are arranged in a hexahedral spatial arrangement with appropriately spaced air inlets. Thanks to the solution used, the range of measurement uncertainty can be reduced, resulting in a lower probability of error during measurement by improving the accuracy of estimation. The paper also describes the use of pressure sensors in complex Tracking Vertical Velocity and Height systems, integrating different types of sensors to highlight the importance of this single parameter. The solution can find application in computational systems using different types of data in Kalman filters. The impact of pressure measurements in a geometric system with different spatial orientations of sensors is also presented. In order to compensate for local pressure differences, e.g., in the form of side wind gusts, an additional reference sensor was used, making the developed solution relevant for applications such as industrial ones