Plant recognition, detection, and counting with deep learning

In agricultural and farm management, plant recognition, plant detection, and plant counting systems are crucial. We can apply these tasks to several applications, for example, plant disease detection, weed detection, fruit harvest system, and plant species identification. Plants can be identified by looking at their most discriminating parts, such as a leaf, fruit, flower, bark, and the overall plant, by considering attributes as shape, size, or color. However, the identification of plant species from field observation can be complicated, time-consuming, and requires specialized expertise. Computer vision and machine-learning techniques have become ubiquitous and are invaluable to overcome problems with plant recognition in research. Although these techniques have been of great help, image-based plant recognition is still a challenge. There are several obstacles, such as considerable species diversity, intra-class dissimilarity, inter-class similarity, and blurred resource images. Recently, the emerging of deep learning has brought substantial advances in image classification. Deep learning architectures can learn from images and notably increase their predictive accuracy. This thesis provides various techniques, including data augmentation and classification schemes, to improve plant recognition, plant detection, and plant counting system

Pelatihan dan Bimbingan Metode Perbaikan dan Perawatan Mesin Darat Pada Nelayan di Desa Pejala, Kecamatan Penajam, Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara

Peningkatan sumber daya kelautan adalah salah satu program utama pemerintah saat ini. Untuk menunjang hal tersebut maka perlu adanya peningkatan SDM didaerah pesisir. Salah satu hal yang sangat dasar dan penting yaitu pengetahuan dasar tentang metode perbaikan dan perawatan mesin. Mahalnya biaya perbaikan dan perawatan mesin darat merupakan salah satu masalah besar yang di alami oleh nelayan, minim dan kurangnya pengetahuan mereka tentang perbaikan dan perawatan mesin mengakibatkan mereka harus mengeluarkan uang yang lebih banyak untuk biaya perbaikan dan perawatan mesin mereka. Untuk itu, pada program pengabdian yang akan dilakukan ini, masyarakat akan dilatihan dan dibimbing tentang metode perbaikan dan perawatan mesin darat. Dengan melakukan pelatihan dan bimbingan ini diharapkan nelayan dapat mandiri dalam perbaikan dan perawatan mesin kapal mereka. Dengan kegiatan pengabdian ini, maka diharapkan para nelayan dapat menghemat biaya perbaikan dan perawatan mesin kapal mereka, disisi lain mesin kapal mereka juga akan lebih tahan dan dapat meningkatkan tingkat produktivitas dan kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan terutama di tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yakni di Desa Pejala, Kecamatan Penajam, Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara. Upaya peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat nelayan terkait perawatan mesin darat akan coba diwujudkan melalui program kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) LPPM Institut Teknologi Kalimantan. Dengan kegiatan PKM yang usulkan, diharapkan mampu meningkatkan hasil tangkapan para nelayan. Metode kegiatan yang coba dilakukan pada PKM ini yaitu ceramah dan pembimbingan langsung. Adapun luaran dari kegiatan PKM ini yaitu hasil PKM akan dituangkan dalam karya ilmiah yang akan diseminarkan dalam bentuk prosiding, artikel pada laman LPPM ITK serta akan dipublikasikan kegiatan PKM pada media massa/cetak

PENDAMPINGAN AKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN TEMA BERKEBUN DENGAN TEKNIK HIDROPONIK UNTUK SISWA TK HARAPAN BUNDA BALIKPAPAN

ABSTRAKDalam konsep kurikulum Merdeka Belajar, siswa belajar sesuai minat dan kemampuan, fokus pada menciptakan portofolio yang mencerminkan bakat individu, dan semuanya bertujuan untuk mencapai potensi optimal dengan cara yang menyenangkan. 30 siswa TK Harapan Bunda semester genap tahun ajaran 2022-2023 mendapatkan pendampingan rangkaian aktivitas pembelajaran meliputi pengenalan jenis-jenis tanaman, pengenalan teknik berkebun hidroponik, penanaman benih di instalasi hidroponik, pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman hingga masa panen, dan memasak hasil panen menjadi masakan bergizi. Metode pengumpulan dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang berfokus pada implementasi kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. Informasi dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan, dokumentasi pembelajaran, dan wawancara dengan guru, kepala sekolah, serta wali murid untuk memahami pelaksanaan kegiatan belajar di sekolah tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian ini tidak hanya memberikan pengalaman baru yang berharga bagi siswa, tetapi juga memperkaya pengalaman belajar mereka dengan melibatkan mereka dalam aktivitas yang praktis dan relevan. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga mengembangkan kreativitas siswa dan kemampuan adaptasi guru dalam menghadirkan nuansa segar dalam pembelajaran. Ini adalah langkah positif menuju pendidikan yang lebih interaktif dan berorientasi pada pemahaman konsep melalui pengalaman langsung. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan wawancara bersama guru, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan program pengabdian ini telah memberikan kontribusi yang berarti dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran untuk 30 siswa di TK Harapan Bunda Balikpapan semester genap tahun ajaran 2022-2023. Kata kunci: hidroponik; siswa; taman kanak-kanak; berkebun; Merdeka Belajar. ABSTRACTIn the Merdeka Belajar curriculum concept, students learn according to their interests and abilities, focus on creating a portfolio that reflects individual talents, and aim to achieve optimal potential in a fun way. 30 Harapan Bunda Kindergarten students for the even semester of the 2022-2023 academic year received assistance with a series of learning activities including introducing plant types, introducing hydroponic gardening techniques, planting seeds in hydroponic installations, observing plant growth until harvest time, cooking the produce. harvest into nutritious food. The data collection and analysis method used is descriptive qualitative, focusing on implementing the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. Information was collected through observations, learning documentation, and interviews with teachers, school principals, and student guardians to understand the implementation of learning activities at the school. This service activity not only provides valuable new experiences for students but also enriches their learning experience by involving them in practical and relevant activities. Apart from that, this activity also develops student creativity and the teacher's adaptability in bringing a fresh nuance to learning. This is a positive step towards education that is more interactive and oriented towards understanding concepts through hands-on experience. Based on the results of observations and interviews with teachers, it can be concluded that the implementation of this service program has made a significant contribution in improving the quality of learning for 30 students at Harapan Bunda Kindergarten Balikpapan even semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. Keywords: hydroponics; student; kindergarten; gardening; merdeka belajar

FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF FLOATING TABLETS OF CLOPIDOGREL BISULPHATE USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS

Objective: The present study aimed at designing of floating matrix tablet of clopidogrel bisulphate by design of experiments.Methods: The tablets were prepared by direct compression technique using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15 (HPMC) as a matrix polymer and sodium bicarbonate as a gas generating agent. In order to optimize the concentration of HPMC (X1) and sodium bicarbonate (X2), a 32 full factorial design was employed. The tablet formulations were evaluated for floating lag time (Y1), floating or buoyancy time (Y2), percent water uptake, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in vitro drug release (Y3).Results: The formulation variables, HPMC concentration, and sodium bicarbonate concentration exerted a significant effect on floating behavior and drug release characteristics of the tablet. The optimized formulation, with 15% sodium bicarbonate concentration and 30 % HPMC concentration resulted in 5±2.6 sec of floating lag time, 22.0±0.6 h of floating time and 42.0±0.99% of clopidogrel bisulphate release in 8 h of dissolution study. The drug release mechanism was identified as nonfickian. The water uptake studies revealed that with an increase in HPMC concentration, there was an increase in swelling index of tablet whereas higher sodium bicarbonate concentration supported the faster erosion of matrix tablets. DSC study revealed no interaction of drug and polymers. The lower percentage error between predicted and observed responses of the optimized formulation validated the design.Conclusion: The study demonstrated successful designing of floating clopidogrel bisulphate tablet with factorial design