5,485 research outputs found
Dynamic Facial Expression of Emotion Made Easy
Facial emotion expression for virtual characters is used in a wide variety of
areas. Often, the primary reason to use emotion expression is not to study
emotion expression generation per se, but to use emotion expression in an
application or research project. What is then needed is an easy to use and
flexible, but also validated mechanism to do so. In this report we present such
a mechanism. It enables developers to build virtual characters with dynamic
affective facial expressions. The mechanism is based on Facial Action Coding.
It is easy to implement, and code is available for download. To show the
validity of the expressions generated with the mechanism we tested the
recognition accuracy for 6 basic emotions (joy, anger, sadness, surprise,
disgust, fear) and 4 blend emotions (enthusiastic, furious, frustrated, and
evil). Additionally we investigated the effect of VC distance (z-coordinate),
the effect of the VC's face morphology (male vs. female), the effect of a
lateral versus a frontal presentation of the expression, and the effect of
intensity of the expression. Participants (n=19, Western and Asian subjects)
rated the intensity of each expression for each condition (within subject
setup) in a non forced choice manner. All of the basic emotions were uniquely
perceived as such. Further, the blends and confusion details of basic emotions
are compatible with findings in psychology
Limit on in Two Higgs Doublet Models
Using the recent CLEO measurement of , we find that the
branching ratio of cannot be larger than in two Higgs doublet
models. The small experimental value of can no longer be
explained by charged Higgs boson effects.Comment: 11 pages + 3 Figures (not included), ReVTeX, NTUTH-94-16 and
NHCU-HEP-94-1
Deep ductile shear localization facilitates near-orthogonal strike-slip faulting in a thin brittle lithosphere
Some active fault systems comprise near-orthogonal conjugate strike-slip faults, as highlighted by the 2019 Ridgecrest and the 2012 Indian Ocean earthquake sequences. In conventional failure theory, orthogonal faulting requires a pressure-insensitive rock strength, which is unlikely in the brittle lithosphere. Here, we conduct 3D numerical simulations to test the hypothesis that near-orthogonal faults can form by inheriting the geometry of deep ductile shear bands. Shear bands nucleated in the deep ductile layer, a pressure-insensitive material, form at 45 degree from the maximum principal stress. As they grow upwards into the brittle layer, they progressively rotate towards the preferred brittle faulting angle, ~30 degree, forming helical shaped faults. If the brittle layer is sufficiently thin, the rotation is incomplete and the near-orthogonal geometry is preserved at the surface. The preservation is further facilitated by a lower confining pressure in the shallow portion of the brittle layer. For this inheritance to be effective, a thick ductile fault root beneath the brittle layer is necessary. The model offers a possible explanation for orthogonal faulting in Ridgecrest, Salton Trough, and Wharton basin. Conversely, faults nucleated within the brittle layer form at the optimal angle for brittle faulting and can cut deep into the ductile layer before rotating to 45 degree. Our results thus reveal the significant interactions between the structure of faults in the brittle upper lithosphere and their deep ductile roots
Peak Effect in Superconductors: Melting of Larkin Domains
Motivated by the recent observations of the peak effect in high- YBCO
superconductors, we reexamine the origin of this unusual phenomenon. We show
that the mechanism based on the -dependence (nonlocality) of the
vortex-lattice tilt modulus cannot account for the essential
feature of the peak effect. We propose a scenario in which the peak effect is
related to the melting of Larkin domains. In our model, the rise of critical
current with increasing temperature is a result of a crossover from the Larkin
pinning length to the length scale set by thermally excited free dislocations.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, REVTE
Coherent control of population transfer between vibrational states in an optical lattice via two-path quantum interference
We demonstrate coherent control of population transfer between vibrational
states in an optical lattice by using interference between a one-phonon
transition at and a two-phonon transition at . The
and transitions are driven by phase- and amplitude-modulation of the
lattice laser beams, respectively. By varying the relative phase between these
two pathways, we control the branching ratio of transitions to the first
excited state and to the higher states. Our best result shows an improvement of
the branching ratio by a factor of 3.50.7. Such quantum control techniques
may find broad application in suppressing leakage errors in a variety of
quantum information architectures.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Impact of Country Personality on Attitude Toward Foreign Products : Self-congruity as a Mediator
This research examines the direct effect of country personality (CP) on consumer product attitude and indirect effect through consumer self-congruity between CP and his/her own self-concept on product attitude in an emerging country- Turkey. We propose an integrated structural equation model to examine the relationships. Measurement scales for CP, self-congruity and attitude are developed whose validities and reliabilities are confirmed by exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses with data collected from a sample of consumers in Turkey on two countries: USA and China.
The results reveal that four out of the original six dimensions of CP remain after a CFA is completed. The results show a direct effect of CP for two aspects of CP on product attitude as well as an indirect effect for one of the aspects of CP on product attitude through consumer’s self-congruity as the mediator. These results also suggest that the CP construct may require further testing in other emerging markets to confirm the generalizability of the construct
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