Toward An Understanding of Presenteeism and its Effects in the Workplace

The effect of presenteeism in the workplace has not been sufficiently addressed in most organizations. Efforts have been on ensuring that employees are not absent from work irrespective of sickness, stress, family issues or even the working conditions of the organization, without taking cognizance of the effects of bemg present at work at all cost. Based on the foregoing, this work examines the concept of presenteeism and its effects in the workplace with a view to suggesting ways in which it can be managed. This research is qualitative in nature and relies solely on secondary sources of data collection, and concludes that employees can be present but absent (not productively engaged), which has adverse effects in the workplace, and recommends that empirical studies be carried out to ascertain the actual effects of workplace presenteeis

The Definitions and Onset of an Old Person in South-Western Nigeria

The paper investigated the definitions and onset of an old person in South-Western Nigeria. The study captured 13 and 11 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos and Oyo States. The states were selected randomly among the six states in the southwest geo-political zone of Nigeria. Similar procedure was adopted in selecting the LGAs. A triangulation approach was used in the research design. Four FGDs and 30 In-depth interviews were conducted as exploratory approaches. This was later complimented with face-to-face interviews among 938 old persons using questionnaire administration in the selected locations. Only descriptive analyses were carried out. Major findings include different dimensions of the definitions of 'an old person' which centered on frailty, inactivity, loss of strength, respect; sickness; growing old and inability to do hard work. A popular assertion for the onset of old person is that anyone who has reached the age of 50 years and above is regarded as an old person. The finding contradicts other culture (especially western) perspectives that old person or elderly begins at 60 or 65 years. The study represents an insight for governments and other stakeholders that all plans and benefit/provisions for aged should take into cognisance the onset of this period and give room for appropriate classification aged in South West Nigeria

Theories of American Imperialism: A Critical Evaluation

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68828/2/10.1177_048661347400600303.pd

m ® in an ASME Journal. Authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under circumstance not failing within the fair use provisions of the DIFFERENTIAL MASS AND ENERGY BALANCES IN THE FLAME ZONE FROM A PRACTICAL FUEL INJECTOR IN A TECHN

ABSTRACT This paper presents further analysis of experimental results from an Air Force program conducted by researchers at Brigham Young University (BYU) Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB), and Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Co. (P&W) (Hedman, et al., 1994a and 1994b). These earlier investigations of the combustion of propane in a practical burner installed in a technology combustor used: 1) digitized images from video and still film photographs to document observed flame behavior as fuel equivalence ratio was varied, 2) sets of LDA data to quantify the velocity flow fields existing in the burner, 3) CARS measurements of gas temperature to determine the temperature field in the combustion zone, and to evaluate the magnitude of peak temperature, and 4) twodimensional PLIF images of OH radical concentrations to document the instantaneous location of the flame reaction zones. This study has used the in situ velocity and temperature measurements from the earlier study, suitably interpolated, to determine local mass and energy balances on differential volume elements throughout the flame zone. The differential mass balance was generally within about ± 10% with some notable exceptions near regions of very high shear and mixing. The local differential energy balance has qualitatively identified the regions of the flame where the major heat release is occurring, and has provided quantitative values on the rate of energy release (up to -400 kJ/m 3 s). The velocity field data have also been used to determine Lagrangian pathlines through the flame zone. The local velocity and temperature along selected pathlines have allowed temperature timelines to be determined. The temperature generally achieves its peak value, often near the adiabatic flame temperature, within about 10 ms. These temperature timelines. along with the quantitative heat release data may provide a basis for evaluating kinetic combustion models