8 research outputs found
Topological magnetic textures in magnetic topological insulators
The surfaces of intrinsic magnetic topological insulators (TIs) host magnetic
moments exchange-coupled to Dirac electrons. We study the magnetic phases
arising from tuning the electron density using variational and exact
diagonalization approaches. In the dilute limit, we find that magnetic
skrymions are formed which bind to electrons leading to a skyrmion Wigner
crystal phase while at higher densities spin spirals accompanied by chiral 1d
channels of electrons are formed. The binding of electrons to textures raises
the possibility of manipulating textures with electrostatic gating. We
determine the phase diagram capturing the competition of intrinsic spin-spin
interactions and carrier density and comment on the possible application to
experiments in magnetic TIs and spintronic devices such as skyrmion-based
memory.Comment: v2: highlighted the 4-parameter parameterization of skyrmions and
elaborated on skyrmion Wigner crystal phase v1: 6+3 pages, 5 figure
Giant proximity exchange and flat Chern band in 2D magnet-semiconductor heterostructures
Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures formed by two-dimensional magnets and
semiconductors have provided a fertile ground for fundamental science and for
spintronics. We present first-principles calculations finding a proximity
exchange splitting of 14 meV equivalent to an effective Zeeman field of 120 T
in the vdW magnet-semiconductor heterostructure MoS/CrBr, leading to a
2D spin-polarized half-metal with carrier densities ranging up to
cm. We consequently explore the effect of large exchange coupling on the
electronic bandstructure when the magnetic layer hosts chiral spin textures
such as skyrmions. A flat Chern band is found at a "magic" value of
magnetization for Schr\"odinger electrons, and it
generally occurs for Dirac electrons. The magnetic proximity induced anomalous
Hall effect enables transport-based detection of chiral spin textures, and flat
Chern bands provides an avenue for engineering various strongly correlated
states.Comment: 5+4 pages, 7 figures; v2 accepted to Science Advance
Zero-field composite Fermi liquid in twisted semiconductor bilayers
Recent experiments have produced evidence for fractional quantum anomalous
Hall (FQAH) states at zero magnetic field in the semiconductor moir\'e
superlattice system MoTe. Here we argue that a composite fermion
description, already a unifying framework for the phenomenology of 2d electron
gases at high magnetic fields, provides a similarly powerful perspective in
this new context. To this end, we present exact diagonalization evidence for
composite Fermi liquid states at zero magnetic field in MoTe at fillings
and . We dub these non-Fermi liquid metals
anomalous composite Fermi liquids (ACFLs), and we argue that they play a
central organizing role in the FQAH phase diagram. We proceed to develop a long
wavelength theory for this ACFL state that offers concrete experimental
predictions upon doping the composite Fermi sea, including a Jain sequence of
FQAH states and a new type of commensurability oscillations originating from
the superlattice potential intrinsic to the system.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett. journal version. Editors' Suggestion and Featured in
Physics. main: 5 pages, 3 figures. SM: 5 pages, 3 figure
Establishment of population-based surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease in Bangalore, India
Background :Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is vaccine-preventable
but few data on the incidence of PD exist for Indian children. Aims: To
assess the feasibility of implementing prospective, population-based
surveillance for PD among children less than five years of age.
Settings and Design :Hospitals and health agencies, Bangalore, India.
Retrospective review and analysis of hospitalization records as well as
public health and demographic data. Material and Methods : Records for
2006 hospitalizations for pneumococcal disease-associated syndromes
(meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis) were identified at three pediatric
referral hospitals (Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Kempegowda
Institute of Child Health and Vani Vilas Hospital) in Bangalore using
International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision codes. Hospital
microbiology laboratory records were assessed to ensure capacity for
identifying S. pneumoniae. Population data were identified from
national census and polio surveillance data. Results : The Bangalore
city southern zone includes 33 wards occupying 51 Km 2 with 150,945
children between 0-5 years of age served by three referral pediatric
hospitals. From January--December 2006, records of these three
hospitals showed 2,219 hospitalizations of children less than five
years of age (967 pneumonia, 768 sepsis, and 484 meningitis) with
PD-associated diagnoses (southern zone area incidence: 0.15/100,000
PD-associated hospitalizations, less than five years of age). There
were 178 deaths in children less than five years of age, of which 87
were attributable to sepsis, 56 to pneumonia and 35 to meningitis.
Conclusion : Our analysis suggests that the PD-associated disease
burden in Bangalore is high and local institutions have capacity for
population-based surveillance. In a prospective study, systematic
attention to potential barriers in identifying children with
pneumococcal infections will improve estimation of IPD incidence in
India