PASCAL: Timing SCA Resistant Design and Verification Flow

A large number of crypto accelerators are being deployed with the widespread adoption of IoT. It is vitally important that these accelerators and other security hardware IPs are provably secure. Security is an extra functional requirement and hence many security verification tools are not mature. We propose an approach/flow-PASCAL-that works on RTL designs and discovers potential Timing Side-Channel Attack(SCA) vulnerabilities in them. Based on information flow analysis, this is able to identify Timing Disparate Security Paths that could lead to information leakage. This flow also (automatically) eliminates the information leakage caused by the timing channel. The insertion of a lightweight Compensator Block as balancing or compliance FSM removes the timing channel with minimum modifications to the design with no impact on the clock cycle time or combinational delay of the critical path in the circuit.Comment: Total page number: 4 pages; Figures: 5 figures; conference: 25th IEEE International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design 201

FAssem : FPGA based Acceleration of De Novo Genome Assembly

International audienceNext generation sequencing technologies produce large amounts of data at very low cost. They produce short reads of DNA fragments. These fragments have many overlaps, lots of repeats and may also include sequencing errors. The assembly process involves merging these sequences to form the original sequences. In recent years many software programs have been developed for this purpose. All of them take significant amount of time to execute. Velvet is a commonly used de novo assembly program. We propose a method to reduce the overall time for assembly by using pre-processing of the short read data on FPGAs and processing its output using Velvet. We show significant speed-ups with slight or no compromise on the quality of the assembled output

A Scoping Review on the Effects of COVID-19 on Syringe Service Programs in the United States.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had worldwide impacts, including disrupting community services. One interrupted service was syringe service programs (SSPs), community-established initiatives that provide sterile supplies and aid in overcoming addiction in drug-using participants. In the United States (U.S.), SSPs have been key in combating the recent opioid use crisis and associated infections such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C. While some published reports on the pandemic\u27s overall impacts on SSPs exist, certain aspects such as operational changes and repercussions on staff and participants may still be lacking. Information about the impact of interrupted SSP services due to the pandemic may provide insight into how to prepare to mitigate similar outcomes during possible future health outbreaks. The aim of this scoping review was thus to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the operations, staff, and participants of SSPs in the U.S. The initial search of the databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science with selected keywords yielded 117 articles published in English between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2022. After screening each article for study eligibility, 11 articles were included in the final review. Of the seven articles exploring SSP operational impacts from the pandemic, five acknowledged that mitigation strategies influenced functions, seven highlighted supply changes, and four emphasized the resulting staffing changes. Four studies inspected the pandemic\u27s impacts on SSP participants, which included two articles highlighting participants\u27 struggles with isolation and loneliness, one referencing the fear of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and two examining the overall negative psychological effects experienced during this time. SSPs in various settings and regions across the U.S. experienced changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many of these modifications negatively impacted operations, staffing, and participant relationships. Examining the issues that individual SSPs encountered highlights opportunities for structured solutions for the present and in the case of future infectious disease outbreaks. With the severity of the opioid use crisis in the U.S. and the dependence on SSPs for its mitigation, future work in this space should be prioritized

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