Nivel de satisfacción del paciente adulto atendido en la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, año 2018 – I

Determina el nivel de satisfacción del paciente adulto atendido en la Clínica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos durante el año 2018. La muestra estuvo constituida por 150 pacientes (53 varones y 97 mujeres) que recibieron tratamiento odontológico en la mencionada clínica durante el primer semestre académico del año 2018 - I, y que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se aplicó el cuestionario “Nivel de Satisfacción en la Atención Dental”, elaborado por el autor Wilson Edison Bustamante Sandoval en el año 2015, que divide el nivel de satisfacción en 8 dimensiones; confort, accesibilidad, tecnología, empatía, manejo del dolor, competencia técnica, eficacia y resultados e infraestructura. Los dos indicadores que obtuvieron menor grado de satisfacción fueron el tiempo de espera y los servicios higiénicos en condiciones inadecuados. Sin embargo, se obtuvo resultados positivos en la mayoría de los otros indicadores analizados y la mayoría de los pacientes encuestados recomendaría el servicio, llegando a la conclusión de que los pacientes atendidos en este servicio se encuentran satisfechos con la atención.Tesi

Ρατσισμός στις υπηρεσίες υγείας; Πώς οι διακρίσεις επηρεάζουν την ποιότητα της υγείας.

Μέσω αυτής της βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης γίνεται φανερό το ζήτημα της εκδήλωσης ρατσιστικών φαινομένων στον τομέα της υγείας . Τα άτομα που ανήκουν σε μειονοτικές ομάδες γίνονται καθημερινά θύματα αυτού του φαινομένου και στερούνται των καταλλήλων παροχών υπηρεσιών υγείας που δικαιούνται, λόγω της διαφορετικότητάς τους. Στόχος της εργασίας αυτή είναι ανάδειξη του φαινομένου,των ομάδων που δέχονται τις εκάστοτε συμπεριφορές, καθώς και η πηγή του ζητήματος σε συνδυασμό με προτάσεις μεθόδων εξάλειψής του.Through this bibliographic review, the issue of the manifestation of racist phenomena in the health sector becomes clear. People belonging to minority groups are daily victims of this phenomenon and are deprived of the appropriate health services they are entitled to because of their diversity. The aim of this work is to highlight the phenomenon, the groups that accept each behavior, as well as the source of the issue in combination with proposals for methods of its elimination

Decadal scale droughts over northwestern Thailand over the past 448 years: links to the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean sectors

A 448-year teak chronology from northwestern Thailand is used to assess past changes in the strength of the summer monsoon. The chronology is based on 30 living trees that extend from 1604 to 2005, and a 47-stump chronology that spans from 1558 to 1903. We used methods of cross dating and chronology building that address problems specifically found in teak. The result is a robust chronology with strong signal strength back to 1600 ad, and with variability retained at the multi-decadal scale. Variability in annual growth in teak from this area is dependent on rainfall and soil moisture availability at both the beginning and end of the monsoon season as confirmed by comparisons with temperature, rainfall and PDSI data. These correlation analyses confirm that our record is a proxy for summer monsoon strength and/or duration, and highlight the importance of soil moisture availability in the seasons of transition. The chronology reveals two prominent periods of decadal-scale drought in the early and mid 1700s that correspond to persistently warm sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific as derived from Galapagos Island coral records. Speleothem data from central India also indicate protracted periods of drought for the 1700s. While these broad-scale eighteenth-century persistent droughts may be related to protracted El Niño-like conditions in the tropical Pacific, regional climate forcing over the Indian Ocean and western Pacific sectors appears to be a strong contributor as well. Spectral analyses reveal power in the ENSO range of variability from 2.2 to 4 years, and at the multi-decadal scale at 48.5 years

SARS-CoV-2 Contacts’ Symptom Development and Secondary Attack Rate: A Retrospective Analysis of a Contact-Tracing Cohort in Catalonia

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Rastreig de contactes; Taxa d'atac secundari; QuarantenaCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Rastreo de contactos; Tasa de ataque secundario; CuarentenaCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Contact tracing; Secondary attack rate; QuarantineContact tracing outcome indicators, such as symptom development (SD) and secondary attack rate (SAR) among close contacts (CCs), are key to understanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission. This study analyses SD and SAR and estimates the incubation period (IP) from a cohort of 47,729 CCs from 17,679 SARS-CoV-2 cases diagnosed in Catalonia (Spain) from May to August 2020. Globally, 19.4% of the CCs reported symptoms, especially adult women living in urban areas. SAR was 24.5%, notably higher among infants (37.6%), and 45.9% of secondary cases (SCs) were asymptomatic. Household CCs had 98% (OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.81–2.18) and 138% (2.38, 2.19–2.58) increased risk of SD and becoming SCs compared to social settings. The IP was 3.42 days, being 4.10 days among social CCs, and only 15.4% and 4.8% of SCs developed symptoms after days 7 and 10 of quarantine, respectively. These results, notably the higher SAR among asymptomatic children, highlight the importance of diligent monitoring to inform SARS-CoV-2 control strategies

SARS-CoV-2 Catalonia contact tracing program: evaluation of key performance indicators

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Rastreig de contactes; Indicador clau de rendiment; Avaluació del programaCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Rastreo de contactos; Indicador clave de rendimiento; Evaluación del programaCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Contact tracing; Key performance indicator; Program evaluationBackground: Guidance on SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing indicators have been recently revised by international public health agencies. The aim of the study is to describe and analyse contact tracing indicators based on Catalonia’s (Spain) real data and proposing to update them according to recommendations. Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis including Catalonia’s contact tracing dataset from 20 May until 31 December 2020. Descriptive statistics are performed including sociodemographic stratification by age, and differences are assessed over the study period. Results: We analysed 923,072 contacts from 301,522 SARS-CoV-2 cases with identified contacts (67.1% contact tracing coverage). The average number of contacts per case was 4.6 (median 3, range 1–243). A total of 403,377 contacts accepted follow-up through three phone calls over a 14-day quarantine period (84.5% of contacts requiring follow-up). The percentage of new cases declared as contacts 14 days prior to diagnosis evolved from 33.9% in May to 57.9% in November. All indicators significantly improved towards the target over time (p < 0.05 for all four indicators). Conclusions: Catalonia’s SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing indicators improved over time despite challenging context. The critical revision of the indicator’s framework aims to provide essential information in control policies, new indicators proposed will improve system delay’s follow-up. The study provides information on COVID-19 indicators framework experience from country’s real data, allowing to improve monitoring tools in 2021–2022. With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic being so harmful to health systems and globally, is important to analyse and share contact tracing data with the scientific community

Resultats primera fase de l’estudi ENE-COVID a Catalunya

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Sero-epidemiologia; AnticossosCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Sero-epidemiologia; AnticuerposCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Sero-epidemiology; AntibodiesENE-COVID és un ampli estudi longitudinal sero-epidemiològic de base poblacional, que té com a objectiu estimar la prevalença d’infecció per SARS-CoV-2 a l’Estat espanyol mitjançant la determinació d’anticossos enfront del virus, així com avaluar-ne l’evolució temporal. Aquest estudi ha estat coordinat pel Ministeri de Sanitat en col·laboració amb l’Institut de Salut Carlos III, l’Institut Nacional d’Estadística i els departaments de Salut Públicai serveis de salut de totes lescomunitats autònomes i de les ciutats autònomes de Ceuta i Melilla. La informació recollida s’ha analitzat en l’àmbit de les comunitats autònomes, províncies, grups d’edat i sexes. S’ha seleccionat a l’atzar un nombre de llars de cada província perquè sigui representatiu de la població d’Espanya. Als participants se’ls fa una enquesta, un test ràpid d’anticossos mitjançant punxada al dit i una extracció de sang venosa per conèixer la presència d’anticossos d’una forma més precisa. L’estudi es va dur a terme en tres rondes durant els mesos d’abril a juny de 2020 (la primera, del 27 d’abril a l’11 de maig; la segona, del 18 de maig a l’1 de juny, i la tercera, del 8 de juny al 22 de juny)

SARS-CoV-2 Catalonia contact tracing program : evaluation of key performance indicators

Background: Guidance on SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing indicators have been recently revised by international public health agencies. The aim of the study is to describe and analyse contact tracing indicators based on Catalonia's (Spain) real data and proposing to update them according to recommendations. Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis including Catalonia's contact tracing dataset from 20 May until 31 December 2020. Descriptive statistics are performed including sociodemographic stratification by age, and differences are assessed over the study period. Results: We analysed 923,072 contacts from 301,522 SARS-CoV-2 cases with identified contacts (67.1% contact tracing coverage). The average number of contacts per case was 4.6 (median 3, range 1-243). A total of 403,377 contacts accepted follow-up through three phone calls over a 14-day quarantine period (84.5% of contacts requiring follow-up). The percentage of new cases declared as contacts 14 days prior to diagnosis evolved from 33.9% in May to 57.9% in November. All indicators significantly improved towards the target over time (p < 0.05 for all four indicators). Conclusions: Catalonia's SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing indicators improved over time despite challenging context. The critical revision of the indicator's framework aims to provide essential information in control policies, new indicators proposed will improve system delay's follow-up. The study provides information on COVID-19 indicators framework experience from country's real data, allowing to improve monitoring tools in 2021-2022. With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic being so harmful to health systems and globally, is important to analyse and share contact tracing data with the scientific community

Vigilància epidemiològica de les infeccions de transmissió sexual a través del sistema de notificació microbiològica de Catalunya (SNMC): informe 2016 - 2021

Vigilància epidemiològica; Infeccions de transmissió sexual; CasosVigilancia epidemiológica; Infecciones de transmisión sexual; CasosEpidemiological surveillance; Sexually transmitted infections; CasesAquest informe té com a objectiu descriure les característiques epidemiològiques i microbiològiques dels casos d’ITS (clamídia, gonococ, sífilis, tricomona, herpes i limfogranuloma veneri) confirmats i declarats a l’SNMC durant els anys 2016 a 2021

Mitochondrial complex I and cell death: a semi-automatic shotgun model

Mitochondrial dysfunction often leads to cell death and disease. We can now draw correlations between the dysfunction of one of the most important mitochondrial enzymes, NADH:ubiquinone reductase or complex I, and its structural organization thanks to the recent advances in the X-ray structure of its bacterial homologs. The new structural information on bacterial complex I provide essential clues to finally understand how complex I may work. However, the same information remains difficult to interpret for many scientists working on mitochondrial complex I from different angles, especially in the field of cell death. Here, we present a novel way of interpreting the bacterial structural information in accessible terms. On the basis of the analogy to semi-automatic shotguns, we propose a novel functional model that incorporates recent structural information with previous evidence derived from studies on mitochondrial diseases, as well as functional bioenergetics

Leadership styles and leadership effectiveness in higher education

The aim of the current study was to determine the leadership style of heads of departments at Technological Educational Institution of Larissa and to explore the relationship between these leadership styles and the leadership effectiveness as perceived b