A rare case of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis

Xantho-granulomatous oophoritis is an uncommon, non-neoplastic, chronic process affecting female genital tract. Its clinical and radiological features mimic ovarian neoplasm. Here we present a case report of 42-year-old female with chronic pelvic pain with adnexal mass with infertility and raised CA 125 levels. Histopathological examination revealed it to be a case of xantho-granuous oophoritis. Xantho-granulomatous oophoritis is very rare disease and only few cases have been reported so far and this case is being reported in view of its rarity

Case of peritoneal tuberculosis in third trimester of pregnancy

Tuberculous peritonitis is one of the least common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculous peritonitis in pregnancy is a diagnostic challenge, especially in the absence of lung involvement. We report a case of peritoneal tuberculosis in a 32-Year-old female, a G2A1 with 30 weeks’ gestation came with chief complaint of profuse clear discharge from the umbilicus. USG abdomen and pelvis was suggestive of 1 cm sized wide hypoechoic track in the umbilical region likely communicating with anterior uterine wall, while MRI Fistulogram was suggestive of Oedematous sinus tract in the cutaneous and subcutaneous plane of the periumbilical anterior abdominal wall with no obvious extension beyond the rectus sheath. Anti-tubercular treatment was started for the patient immediately upon diagnosis. The flow of clear discharge ceased within 2 days and the symptoms resolved in 2 weeks. This case is being presented for the rarity of its occurrence specifically in pregnancy

Cystic hygroma with hydrops fetalis: a rare case report

Cystic hygromas are malformations of the lymphatics system that appear as fluid-filled, membranous cysts, lined by true epithelium in the anterolateral or occipito-cervical area. They result from the jugular lymphatic obstruction sequence, in which the normal communication between the jugular veins and the jugular lymphatic sacs fail to develop by 40th day of gestation. Most of the cystic hygromas are associated with chromosomal anomalies. When diagnosed in-utero, the survival rate of foetuses affected with cystic hygroma is only 2-6%.When hydrops is present alongwith cystic hygroma, the mortality rate is near 100%. The incidence of cystic hygroma is estimated to be 1 case per 6000-16000 live births. We here present a case of 25 years old primigravida with 16 weeks 5 days of gestation was diagnosed prenatally during ultrasonography for the foetal well-being with a large cystic hygroma with septation extending in the entire length, associated with bilateral pleural effusion and ascites with a variable heart rate. The pregnancy was terminated with the consent of the parents. Foetuses with cystic hygroma are at high risk for adverse outcomes. Due to its extremely poor prognosis, termination should be considered when the diagnosis is made before viability and the chromosomes are abnormal.

A unique case of successful twin pregnancy reaching term in a patient with uterus bicornis unicollis

Abnormal fusion of the Mullerian ducts or failure of absorption of the septum causes varying degrees of congenital uterine malformation. Twin gestation in a case of bicornuate uterus is rare. We are reporting this case because of its rare presentation, where a case of undiagnosed twins managed to reach full-term after spontaneous conception. We report here a 30 year old gravida four para one with no live issues who presented at term in labour. Per Abdomen examination suggested a twin gestation which was confirmed by ultrasonography. Both the twins were delivered by an emergency caesarean section. Intraoperatively the uterus was found to be bicornuate uterus (bicornis unicollis) with both the babies in two different horns

Oligohydramnios sequence and a variant of Dandy-Walker syndrome

Dandy-Walker syndrome is frequently associated with disorders of other areas of the central nervous system, including absence of the area made up of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres (corpus callosum) and malformations of the heart, face, limbs, fingers and toes. In the diagnostic workup, ultrasound is reliable and accurate for making the diagnosis. For diagnostic purposes and confirmation of diagnosis, foetal MRI in utero also has been advocated. Further confirmation may be done with autopsy of neonate after birth. Most of the pregnancies are terminated after antenatal diagnosis on anomaly scan. However if born alive the survival depends on associated anomalies in other systems

Pyrexia in pregnancy: an atypical presentation

Every year approximately 50 million women living in malaria endemic areas become pregnant and are at high risk of adverse health impact of malaria. Pregnancy appears to interfere with immune process in malaria and the disease itself alters immune reactivity. Malaria is a parasite infestation with protozoan Plasmodium; transmitted through bite of female Anopheline mosquito. We present a case of 25 week multigravida with vivax malaria complaining of breathlessness. On further investigations, patient was found to have bilateral pleural effusion.

The epidemiological study of congenital anomalies and their possible risk factors in teaching hospital in MGM Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai

Background: Congenital anomaly, a health problem in India, is a defective morphogenesis during early foetal life at cellular level. Purpose of our study was to determine the detection rate of congenital anomalies & their epidemiological predisposing risk factors with detailed history withdrawn among women visited in MGM Hospital, Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai, between May 2012 to May 2014.Methods: This is a Retrospective study. In this study period of 2 years, 69 pregnant women were diagnosed with congenital anomalies during their prenatal Ultrasonographic examinations. We studied these sonographic reports with the risk factors associated with occurrence of congenital anomalies.Results: Out of 2000 visited women, 69 were detected with congenital anomalies. Incidence rate was about 3.45%. Major &maximum  anomalies were found in CNS & Renal system. CNS-32.88%, renal-40.58%, multiple system anomalies-5.79%. Risk factors  mostly associated with these anomalies were age, race, residency, social status, H/O consanguineous marriage, H/O DM & GDM, literacy. Congenital anomalies were more seen in rural, low socioeconomic & illiterate population.Conclusions: Early diagnosis, prenatal evaluation, routine ANC care, better repo & good quality USG will be helpful for genetic counselling & clinical management

Recurrent hydatiform mole: a rare case report

Molar pregnancy is characterized histologically by abnormalities of the chorionic villi that consist of trophoblastic proliferation and oedema of villous stroma. The incidence of hydatiform moles in India is 1 in 1000. The incidence of recurrence is 1 in 60 in a subsequent pregnancy and 1 in 65 in the third pregnancy after two molar pregnancies. The occurrence of hydatiform mole is related to a few risk factors such as smoking, increased paternal or maternal age, and previous history of abortions. Here we report a case of a 29 year old woman with history of four partial moles and two first trimester abortions and her management. The patient finally opted for adoption

Modified Bassini′s repair: Our experience in a rural hospital setup

Background: Inguinal hernia is a leading cause of work loss and disability. Recurrence and other complications can occur after hernia repair. The aim of this study wasto evaluate the effectiveness of Modified Bassini′s Herniorraphy in themodern days of surgery. Materials and Methods : This is a retrospective study carried out in the MGM HospitalKamothe from 2005 to 2010. Only unilateral uncomplicated inguinal hernia cases were included.All patients had undergone Modified Bassini′s repair. They were followed for 3 years and the complication and recurrence rates were noted. Result: A total of 254 patients were operated by Modified Bassini′s repair only and 241 patients were followed completely and included in the study. The average age was 52.12 + 17.22 years. The mean operation time was 25 + 5.9 min. The mean hospital stay was 3 + 1.1 days. Post-operative pain was minimal in all patients, and was controlled by simple analgesia. Return to work was after 4 weeks. Hematoma and seroma formation requiring drainage were observed in one and two patients, respectively. Scrotal swelling was observed in two patients, which subsided within 2 weeks. Five patients developed urinary retention. No hydrocele, ischemic orchitis or recurrence was found during the follow-up. Wound infection was noted in one patient, which was treated by dressing and oral antibiotics. Recurrence was noted in two (0.83%) patients in the follow-up period of 3 + 0.44 years. Conclusion: Tissue repairs are still used in economically poor patients who cannot afford mesh, with similar results of prosthetic material repair that are commonly used in modern hospitals

Mutual Amide Prodrug of Etodolac-glucosamine: Synthesis, Characterization and Pharmacological Screening

Etodolac, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, widely used in arthritis is associated with gastric ulceration and irritation due to presence of free carboxylic group. The current investigation reports synthesis of mutual amide prodrug of etodolac by masking free carboxylic group with glucosamine, a nutritional supplement for treatment of arthritis. Confirmation and characterization of the structure of the synthesized prodrug done by elemental and spectroscopy analysis, melting point, determination of migration parameters (R f , R M , and R t ) by using thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Partition coefficient and solubility study confirms its lipophilic character so can be suitable candidate for controlled release delivery. In vitro hydrolytic studies of prodrug confirms good rate of hydrolysis in blood plasma, fecal matter, and simulated intestinal fluid while stable in gastric simulated fluid. In vivo pharmacological screening performed on animals. Prodrug with respect to etodolac shows good analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antiarthritic activity. The prodrug was assessed for their probable damaging effects by ulcerogeniticity and histopathological analysis. The histopathological studies showed less ulceration in the gastric region when treated with prodrug, thereby proving the prodrug to be better in action as compared to etodolac and are advantageous in having less gastrointestinal side effects