Rapeseed-Mustard Breeding in India: Scenario, Achievements and Research Needs

Brassica spp., commonly known as rapeseed-mustard, plays a significant role in the Indian economy by providing edible oils, vegetables, condiments and animal feed. Globally, India holds second and third position in rapeseed-mustard area under cultivation and production, respectively. However, anthropogenically accelerated climate change thwarts yield potential of rapeseed-mustard by employing abiotic (drought, flood, temperature variation and salinity) and biotic (disease and insects) stresses. Various approaches such as molecular breeding, pre-breeding, −omics and biotechnological interventions have been used to develop varieties for improved yield and oil quality, climate resilient and resistance or tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this context, this chapter highlighted the different cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) sources and their potential use for hybrid development. At the end, this chapter also enlisted salient achievement by the government and non-government institutes and briefly described the future perspective for improvement of rapeseed-mustard in India

Not Available

Not AvailableDuring green revolution intensive use of chemical in agriculture might have helped to achieve a dramatic increase in crop yield ensuring food security in India, but meanwhile, the intensive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides led to gradual decline in soil health and environment, and food safety became a major concern. This has raised question regarding the sustainability of agriculture/horticulture in the long term, urging attention towards sustainable production practices. Accepting the harmful effect of the excessive use of chemical fertilizers on soil health and pesticides on human health, there is a need for an integrated management system. Organic farming can provide quality food without adversely affecting the soil‘s health and the environment, thus may be one of the options for sustainability. Organic food is not only attractive but also associated to quality, healthy and natural products in opposition to the more processed and conventional food. The paper has been reviewed for organic fruit production with sustainable approach in horticulture in India.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableGenome editing through efficient and versatile bacterial immunity based CRISPR Cas9 system has revolutionized the molecular biology. Every day new achievements in basic and applied research using CRISPR are coming in. Here, we review the some of the important advancements in methods to increase its efficiency in site-specific genome editing and achievements in crop improvement researches. It is expected from this review that it will provide recent updates on the CRISPR-Cas9 system and will help users involved in applied researches in plant biology to make them exploit the full potential of this genome editing tool.Not Availabl