Predicting Energy Requirement for Cooling the Building Using Artificial Neural Network

This paper explores total cooling load during summers and total carbon emissions of a six storey building by using artificial neural network (ANN). Parameters used for the calculation were conduction losses, ventilation losses, solar heat gain and internal gain. The standard back-propagation learning algorithm has been used in the network. The energy performance in buildings is influenced by many factors, such as ambient weather conditions, building structure and characteristics, the operation of sub-level components like lighting and HVAC systems, occupancy and their behavior. This complex situation makes it very difficult to accurately implement the prediction of building energy consumption. The calculated cooling load was 0.87 million kW per year. ANN application showed that data was best fit for the regression coefficient of 0.9955 with best validation performance of 0.41231 in case of conduction losses. To meet out this energy demand various fuel options are presented along with their cost and carbon emission

A two dimensional fibre reinforced micropolar thermoelastic problem for a half-space subjected to mechanical force

The purpose of this paper is to study the two dimensional deformation of fibre reinforced micropolar thermoelastic medium in the context of Green-Lindsay theory of thermoelasticity. A mechanical force is applied along the interface of fluid half space and fibre reinforced micropolar thermoelastic half space. The normal mode analysis has been applied to obtain the exact expressions for displacement component, force stress, temperature distribution and tangential couple stress. The effect of anisotropy and micropolarity on the displacement component, force stress, temperature distribution and tangential couple stress has been depicted graphically

Two dimensional deformation in microstretch thermoelastic half space with microtemperatures and internal heat source

The purpose of this paper is to study the two dimensional deformation due to internal heat source in a microstretch thermoelastic solid with microtemperatures (MTSM). A mechanical force is applied along the interface of fluid half space and microstretch thermoelastic half space. The normal mode analysis has been applied to obtain the exact expressions for component of normal displacement, microtemperature, normal force stress, microstress tensor, heat flux moment tensor, and couple stress for MTSM. The effect of internal heat source, micropolarity, and microstretch on the above components has been depicted graphically

Effect of mechanical force along the interface of semi-infinite semiconducting medium and thermoelastic micropolar cubic crystal

The present investigation deals with the two-dimensional deformation in a thermoelastic micropolar solid with cubic symmetry at the interface of the semi-infinite semiconducting medium under photothermal theory. A mechanical force is applied along the interface. The analytic expressions for the components of normal displacement, temperature distribution, normal force stress, and tangential couple stress for a thermoelastic micropolar solid with cubic symmetry have been obtained using normal mode analysis technique. The effect of anisotropy, microrotation, and thermoelasticity on the derived components have been depicted graphically

A two dimensional problem on laser pulse heating in thermoelastic microelongated solid

In the present discussion, the plane strain deformation due to laser pulse heating in a thermoelastic microelongated solid has been discussed. The analytic expressions for displacement component, force stress, temperature distribution and micro-elongation have been derived. The effect of pulse rise time and micro-elongation on the derived components have been depicted graphically

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis to Construct a Core Collection from Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm through SSR Markers

Genetic resources are the fundamental source of diversity available to plant breeders for the improvement of desired traits. However, a large germplasm set is difficult to preserve and use as a working collection in genetic studies. Hence, the present study evaluates the genetic diversity of 3115 safflower accessions from the Indian National Gene Bank, including Indian cultivars, to develop a manageable set of accessions, with similar genetic variations of germplasm studied. A total of 18 polymorphic SSR markers were used. The genetic diversity analysis revealed that germplasm accessions were highly diverse and there is no correlation between genetic diversity and the geographical collection of germplasm or sourcing of germplasm. A core set was developed using a core hunter software with different levels of composition, and it was found that 10% of the accessions showed maximum gene diversity and represented an equal number of alleles and major allele frequency in the germplasm studied. The developed core consisted of 351 accessions, including Indian cultivars, and they were validated with various genetic parameters to ascertain that they were a true core set for the studied accessions of safflower germplasm

Evaluating Sustainable and Environment Friendly Growing Media Composition for Pot Mum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)

The use of different growing media offers a valuable alternative to the conventional use of soil for quality flower production due to their good water holding capacity, aeration and nutrient status. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomised Design with three replications in the years 2021&ndash;2022 to study the influence of different compositions of growing media [Soil, Sand, Vermicompost, Cocopeat, Vermiculite, Perlite and Leaf mould] in different ratios on the growth and development of pot mum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.).The growing media compositions of cocopeat, vermicompost and leaf moulds improve the water retention and aeration of media. The results revealed vegetative growth with maximum plant height at first bud appearance, plant height at harvesting stage, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf biomass, average fresh weight of leaf, dry weight of root and flowering parameters with maximum flower longevity, flower diameter, number of flowers per plant, number of ray florets, average fresh weight of flower, flower yield per plant and vase life of flower in case of media composition of Cocopeat + Vermicompost + Leaf mould (2:1:1) among all the growing media compositions. The combination of cocopeat with vermicompost and leaf mould (2:1:1 v/v/v) was found best for lighter media weight, better plant morphological development and sustained quality flower production of pot mum