Developing Leaders in Schools: Unique Servant Leadership Youth Development Curriculum

Nelson Mandela proclaimed, “The youth of today is the future of tomorrow.” It is the responsibility of the current leadership in place to educate the youth in order to prepare them to be successful leaders for the future. All individuals possess leadership capabilities. Most of the time these leadership characteristics that reside within a person remain dormant due to the fact that it was never cultivated as a child. It is imperative to awaken the leadership potential in our youth today in order to prepare them for their future that lays ahead. This paper explores the effectiveness of teaching leadership to students in school through a quantitative experimental study. This study was conducted in the Linda Vista community in San Diego, CA

Complications of emergency obstetric hysterectomy in Gujarat, India

Background: Emergency obstetric hysterectomy is defined as extirpation of uterus either at the time of cesarean section or following vaginal delivery, or within the puerperium to stop life threatening obstetric hemorrhage when all other measures fail. This study was conducted to study complications of emergency obstetric hysterectomy.Methods: Out of 28552 patients, 45 patients operated for Emergency obstetric hysterectomy in Vadilal Sarabhai Hospital of Ahmedabad, Gujarat; during May 2010 to October 2012 were included in the study. Complications of the procedures were identified and analyzed.Results: Hemorrhagic shock was the most common complication followed by fever. 15.55% (7 out 45) mothers were not saved even after the emergency obstetric hysterectomy.Conclusions: Improvising procedural skill and post-operative care can reduce the complications of emergency obstetric hysterectomy.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine as an intralesional immunotherapy in treatment of warts

Background: To observe the efficacy and safety of intralesional Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine in the treatment of warts.Methods: 50 patients with single or multiple warts more than 06 months duration in all age groups were included in the study. The patients received intralesional MMR vaccine 0.5ml into a single wart or the largest wart in case of multiple lesions at interval of two weeks for three treatments. The response was evaluated as 0-49% as no response, 50-99% as partial response and 100% as complete response. Follow up was made every 02 weeks for 06 weeks and then monthly for 06 months to detect any recurrence.Results: Complete response was seen in 36 (72%), partial response in 08 (16%) and no response in 06 (12%) patients. No recurrence was observed. Pain at the site of injection in 18 (36%) and flu like symptoms in 02 (04%) patients were observed.Conclusions: Intralesional immunotherapy with MMR vaccine was found to be a simple, effective, and safe treatment for warts. This study proved to be cost effective as patients can be treated with just 03 doses of MMR vaccine given at the interval of two weeks.

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of clopidogrel in populations of European and Japanese ancestry: An evaluation of CYP2C19 activity

Treatment response to clopidogrel is associated with CYP2C19 activity through the formation of the active H4 metabolite. The aims of this study were to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of clopidogrel and its metabolites for populations of European ancestry, to predict the pharmacokinetics in the Japanese population by CYP2C19 phenotype, and to investigate the effect of clinical and demographic factors. A PBPK model was developed and verified to describe the two metabolic pathways of clopidogrel (H4 metabolite, acyl glucuronide metabolite) for a population of European ancestry using plasma data from published studies. Subsequently, model predictions in the Japanese population were evaluated. The effects of CYP2C19 activity, fluvoxamine coadministration (CYP2C19 inhibitor), and population-specific factors (age, sex, BMI, body weight, cancer, hepatic, and renal dysfunction) on the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel and its metabolites were then characterized. The predicted/observed ratios for clopidogrel and metabolite exposure parameters were acceptable (twofold acceptance criteria). For all CYP2C19 phenotypes, steady-state AUC0-τ of the H4 metabolite was lower for the Japanese (e.g., EM, 7.69 [6.26–9.45] ng·h/ml; geometric mean [95% CI]) than European (EM, 24.8 [20.4–30.1] ng·h/ml, p <.001) population. In addition to CYP2C19-poor metabolizer phenotype, fluvoxamine coadministration, hepatic, and renal dysfunction were found to reduce H4 metabolite but not acyl glucuronide metabolite concentrations. This is the first PBPK model describing the two major metabolic pathways of clopidogrel, which can be applied to populations of European and Japanese ancestry by CYP2C19 phenotype. The differences between the two populations appear to be determined primarily by the effect of varying CYP2C19 liver activity

Chronic Neuropsychological Sequelae in a Patient with Nontumorous Anti-NMDA-Receptor Encephalitis

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a neurological, autoimmune disorder tightly conceptualized only as recently as the mid-2000s. It presents itself in a combination of psychiatric, neurological, and autonomic features. We observe a unique case with probable earlier episode (prior to the mid-2000s conceptualization of the disease) and a later relapse, accompanying a comprehensive neuropsychological profile tracked after the relapse and subsequent improvement. Neurocognitive findings revealed residual frontal deficits with mood changes even in the state after plasmapheresis. This case is the first to describe posttreatment cognition in anti-NMDAR encephalitis after probable serial autoimmune episodes

Potential Utility of Foveal Morphology in Preterm Infants Measured using Hand-Held Optical Coherence Tomography in Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening

Financial Support: Medical Research Council, London, UK (grant number: MR/N004566/1 and MR/J004189/1), Ulverscroft Foundation, Leicester, UK, Nystagmus Network UK. Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the assistance of Deputy Sister Hima Thanki in assisting with the acquisition of HH-OCT images and the Staff of the University Hospitals of Leicester Neonatal Service in supporting the infants during the imaging sessions.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Author Correction: Short Amylin Receptor Antagonist Peptides Improve Memory Deficits in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model

Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47255-9, published online 29 July 2019 The original Article contained an error in Figure 1A where the control trace for both the HEK-AMY3 and HEKWT cells was duplicated... The original Article has been corrected