Spectroscopic studies of alumina supported nickel catalysts precursors: Part II - catalysts prepared from alkaline solutions

Nickel alumina supported catalysts were prepared from alkaline solutions of hexaamminenickel nitrate by CIM and DIM methods (classical and double impregnation, respectively). The catalysts exhibited different nickel species due to the existence of various metal-support interaction strengths. As a consequence, the reducibility and other surface properties changed as a function of the preparation method. The aim of this work was to study the interaction between the metal precursor and alumina surface by means of FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) and FT-IR/PAS (FT-IR photoacoustic spectroscopy)

Evaluation of the commercial polyethylene packaging decomposition in the soil by FT-IR/PAS

Opisano badania, których celem była ocena stopnia degradacji wybranych handlowych opakowań polietylenowych zawierających prooksydanty, użytkowanych wcześniej przez konsumentów. Po użyciu opakowania zostały umieszczone w różnych rodzajach gleb (las, łąka, pole rolne, ugór). Stopień ich degradacji oceniano na podstawie analizy widm FT-IR/PAS. Dla określenia wpływu czynników środowiskowych na degradację badanych tworzyw zbadano pH, wilgotność oraz zawartość materii organicznej w glebach. Jednym z ważniejszych czynników wpływających na stopień degradacji jest ilość i rodzaj dodatków zastosowanych przy produkcji tworzywa. Badane opakowania najlepiej rozkładają się w warunkach naturalnych, w glebie intensywnie użytkowanej (pole rolne).The aim of the research was to estimate the degree of biodegradation of the chosen biodegradable commercial packaging containing pro-oxidants, previously used by consumers and after usage placed in natural conditions. They were placed in four types of soil (forest, meadow, arable field, fallow). The extent of polyethylene degradation was examined by means of FT-IR/PAS method. In order to determine what effect environmental factors have on plastic degradation in natural conditions, pH, humidity and amount of organic matter in soil were examined. The appearance of oxygen bands in FT-IR/PAS spectra in all the presented cases indicates polyethylene degradation. The more important factor affecting degradation level is the amount and kind of supplementation used at plastic manufacturing. The best conditions for decomposition of packaging in natural conditions are guaranteed by soil that is intensely used

FT-IR/PAS of the EDTA adsorbed on alumina with the various surface areas

Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FT-IR/PAS) was applied to investigate samples with the adsorbed species formed during preparation metal supported catalysts. In the studies conducted gamma alumina with the various surface areas was used. Samples prepared by the double impregnation method (DIM) have similar spectral characteristic. This allowed to conclude that surface areas of γ-Al2O3 used had no influence on the nature of the examined species

FT-IR/PAS Studies of Cu(II)-EDTA Complexes Sorption οn the Chelating Ion Exchangers

The possibility of removal of copper(II) complexes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) from waters and wastewaters by the chelating ion exchangers Lewatit TP 214, Lewatit TP 260 and Diaion CR-20 as well as the mechanism of their sorption onto them were investigated. In order to describe the sorption process of Cu(II) ions in the presence of EDTA, the FT-IR/PA spectra of the abovementioned chelating ion exchangers were recorded

Mechanism of sorption sulpho-derivative organic chelating agents on strong base anion exchanger Amberlite IRA-402 by FT-IR/PAS and DRS methods

In the paper, strong base anion exchanger Amberlite IRA-402 was modified by using sulpho-derivative organic chelating agents as: Brilliant Yellow, Xylenol Orange, Bromophenyl Blue. The investigations exhibited, that anion exchanger Amberlite IRA-402 is modified very simply by organic chelating agents (working capacity 0.25–0.5 g/cm3)

FT-IR/PAS Studies of Cu(II)-EDTA Complexes Sorption οn the Chelating Ion Exchangers

The possibility of removal of copper(II) complexes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) from waters and wastewaters by the chelating ion exchangers Lewatit TP 214, Lewatit TP 260 and Diaion CR-20 as well as the mechanism of their sorption onto them were investigated. In order to describe the sorption process of Cu(II) ions in the presence of EDTA, the FT-IR/PA spectra of the abovementioned chelating ion exchangers were recorded

The influence of gold on the properties of silica mesoporous materials

The properties of gold modified silica mesoporous materials were investigated on the successive preparation stages. Samples were obtained by the direct introductionof HAuCl$\text{}_{4}$ aqueous solution to the synthesis mixture of silica. It was stated that partial substitution of -Cl with -OH ligands occurred in the diluted solutions of HAuCl$\text{}_{4}$. The replacement of -Cl with -Br groups in gold complexes took place in the synthesis mixture containing hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant molecules. It was found that gold species influenced the removal of organic templates from the channels of silica materials. Pore arrangement was not strongly distorted by the presence of small amounts of gold. Heat treatment led to the pronounced changes of the nature of gold species