Tecnología y sociedad, la nueva normalidad mixta

Editorial Vol.27 No.

Feelings and Experiences of Alienation for Females of Color at a Predominately White Institution: A Fireside Panel Chat

While the upward progress post Brown v. Board of Education has been a slow movement for People of Color in the K -12 educational system, so has movement for People of Color in higher -education. Faculty and students of Color are under the constant microscope of writing, contributing to research, and participating in the development of future research, are prone to be deal with issues their White peers do not often face. This panel of color will share their feelings and experiences of alienation as well as how to survive on a Predominately White campus

Feelings and Experiences of Alienation for Females of Color at a Predominately White Institution: A Fireside Panel Chat

While the upward progress post Brown v. Board of Education has been a slow movement for People of Color in the K -12 educational system, so has movement for People of Color in higher -education. Faculty and students of Color are under the constant microscope of writing, contributing to research, and participating in the development of future research, are prone to be deal with issues their White peers do not often face. This panel of color will share their feelings and experiences of alienation as well as how to survive on a Predominately White campus

Importancia de la radiología en la medicina legal

En este documento podemos apreciar distintas lesiones en el cuerpo humano producidas por fuerzas externas, y a su vez por medio de la radiología diagnosticar, individualizar signos y síntomas y claramente apoyar a la medicina en su tratamiento y mejora sintomática. Conocer la importancia de la radiología como ciencia multidisciplinaria que de forma no invasiva nos provee de gran exactitud sobre patologías y lesiones que el ojo humano a simple vista no puede detectar. La radiología aporta un sin número de apoyo como medios diagnósticos mediante la implementación de las distintas tecnologías como lo son la radiología convencional, tomografía, resonancia magnética, ultrasonidos, etc., que nos permite ser más certeros en un diagnóstico y además usar estas tecnologías como guía en procedimientos como se hace en la radiología intervencionista.In this document we can appreciate distant injuries in the human body produced by external forces, and in turn, through radiology, diagnose, individualize signs and symptoms and clearly support medicine in its treatment and symptomatic improvement. Knowing the importance of radiology as a multidisciplinary science that non-invasively provides us with great accuracy on pathologies and injuries that the human eye cannot detect with the naked eye. Radiology provides a number of support as diagnostic means through the implementation of different technologies such as conventional radiology, tomography, magnetic resonance, ultrasounds, etc., which allows us to be more accurate in a diagnosis and also use these technologies as a guide. in procedures as is done in interventional radiology

Propuesta de regeneración urbana para la cohesión social del sector XIX del distrito de La Victoria, Chiclayo

La falta de cohesión social es una problemática que afecta a muchas ciudades de Latinoamérica, donde la desigualdad para el acceso a todos los recursos, la inseguridad, la pobreza, la exclusión social y la segregación espacial son algunos de los factores que contribuyen. En Chiclayo, la quinta ciudad más poblada del Perú, esta problemática se manifiesta en las zonas periféricas, por lo que se ha desarrollado una propuesta de regeneración urbana que busca crear espacios inclusivos de encuentro y convivencia para todas las personas, fomentando así la cohesión social en el sector XIX de Chiclayo. Para lograrlo, se llevó a cabo un estudio cartográfico, mapeo, trabajo de campo y análisis de encuestas, utilizando un enfoque mixto, aplicado y descriptivo que incluyó la interpretación de autores. El proceso incluyó el análisis de la situación actual del área de estudio, la identificación de estrategias y componentes basados en fuentes que buscan fomentar la cohesión social, como el urbanismo ecosistémico propuesto por Salvador Rueda, y con ello la determinación de los lugares que requieren intervención. Finalmente, se diseñó una red de intervenciones urbanas que fomenten la cohesión social, definiendo a los involucrados, los lineamientos e instrumentos que se utilizarán en cada intervención. En conclusión, la regeneración urbana se convierte en una herramienta importante para fomentar la cohesión social en los sectores de la ciudad que presentan esta problemática, con la creación de espacios públicos inclusivos, mejorando la calidad de vida de los residentes y la promoción de la participación comunitaria.The lack of social cohesion is a problem that affects many cities in Latin America, where inequality in access to resources, insecurity, poverty, social exclusion and spatial segregation are some of the contributing factors. In Chiclayo, the fifth most populous city in Peru, this problem manifests itself in peripheral areas, which is why an urban regeneration proposal has been developed that seeks to create inclusive meeting and coexistence spaces for all people, thus promoting social cohesion. in the XIX sector of Chiclayo. To achieve this, a cartographic, mapping, field study and survey analysis was carried out, using a mixed, applied and descriptive approach that included the interpretation of authors. The process included the analysis of the current situation of the study area, the identification of strategies and components based on sources that seek to promote social cohesion, such as the ecosystemic urbanism proposed by Salvador Rueda, and the determination of the places that require intervention. Finally, a network of urban interventions that promote social cohesion was designed, defining those involved, the guidelines and instruments that will be used in each intervention. In conclusion, urban regeneration becomes an important tool to promote social cohesion in the sectors of the city that present this problem, with the creation of inclusive public spaces, improving the quality of life of residents and promoting participation. community

Salt effects on the dilute solution properties of bototo gum (Cochlospermum vitifolium)

Salt effects on the dilute solution properties of bototo gum (Cochlospermum vitifolium) were investigated. There were measured the intrinsic viscosities of the polymer under study in water, in NaCl (at different concentrations) and in NaCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3, at the same ionic strength (I = 1), using an Ubbelohde viscometer at 25°C. The Huggins intersection model (R2) is more appropriate to determine the intrinsic viscosity than the Kraemer's equation. This parameter tends to reduce with the increase in the salt concentration and the cation charge. The molecules of C. vitifolium gum exudate in water (solvent Φ) tend to adopt a “random coil†conformation, of great volume and radius, which exist in two regimes: diluted and semi-diluted; in the presence of salts, the coils exist only in a diluted regime where they are separate each other. The macromolecules in water have probably an extended ellipsoid shape but in presence of salts, they change to another more compact, probably spherical, with radii and smaller volumes. The knowledge of the behavior of C. vitifolium gum molecules in dilute solutions is an important criterion for its rational use in various industrie

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con hipertensión y diabetes mellitus

Objective: To determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in a sample of 184 users of a cardiovascular risk control program in Bucaramanga (Colombia). The EQ-5D-3L instrument was used to assess quality of life. A multiple linear regression model was carried out using the Visual Analog Scale as the outcome and the dimensions of the EQ-5D as possible predictors, adjusting for age, sex, intervention group (instrumental variable), and clinical variables such as the disease and its control.Results: The median of age was 63 years, 73.3% women, 88.0% low socioeconomic level; Median Systolic Blood Pressure of 130 mmHg (116.0-145.0) and HbA1c 5.7% (5.4-6.2) in the general population, showing statistically significant differences between the pathology groups. The median of Visual Analog Scale was 80(Q1: 59-Q3: 95) points, with no statistically significant differences between the pathology groups. Manifesting pain/discomfort, problems with usual activities and lack of hypertension control decreased the perception of HRQoL, by 7.5, 18.1 and 7.3 points, respectively.Conclusions: The HRQoL in general was high. It was higher among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Factors related to the functionality and control of the disease were associated with a lower perception HRQoL.Objetivo: Determinar los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos asociados a la Calidad de Vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en personas con hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2.Métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal en una muestra de 184 usuarios de un programa de control de riesgo cardiovascular en Bucaramanga (Colombia). Se utilizó el instrumento EQ-5D-3L para evaluar la calidad de vida. Un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple fue llevado a cabo usando como desenlace la Escala Visual Análoga y como posibles predictores las dimensiones del EQ-5D, ajustando por edad, sexo, grupo de intervención (variable instrumental) y variables clínicas como la patología de base y el control de la misma.Resultados: La mediana de edad fue 63 años, 73,3% mujeres, 88,0% nivel socioeconómico bajo; mediana de Presión Arterial Sistólica de 130 mmHg (116,0-145,0) y de HbA1c 5,7% (5,4-6,2) en la población general, hallándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos de patología. La mediana de la Escala Visual Análoga fue de 80(Q1:59-Q3:95) puntos, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos de patología. Manifestar dolor/malestar, tener problemas en las actividades cotidianas y el no control de la hipertensión arterial disminuyó la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, en 7,5, 18,1 y 7,3 puntos, respectivamente.Conclusiones: La CVRS, en general, fue alta. Esta fue mayor en las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Factores relacionados con la funcionalidad y control de la enfermedad fueron asociados con una menor percepción de la CVRS

MICROCENTROS Y FORMACIÓN DOCENTE (Un estudio exploratorio en el Departamento del Huila)

La capacitación de maestros como campo de investigación se presenta en la actualidad casi inexplorado. Numerosos eventos sobre investigación en educación, en sus conclusiones han urgido la realización de estudios que den cuenta de este relevante aspecto educacional. Solamente hasta hace aproximadamente cuatro años y jalonado por la Universidad Pedagógica, la Universidad del Valle y la Universidad de Antioquia, se viene adelantando un proceso de investigación que ha mostrado la crisis de la formación de maestros en servicio y ha propiciado la experimentación de modalidades alternativas

Causas de óbito por pneumonia intersticial secundária em autópsias pulmonares de pacientes imunocomprometidos

PURPOSE: To present the more frequent associations found in autopsies of immunocompromised patients who developed secondary interstitial pneumonia as well as the risk of death (odds ratio) in having specific secondary interstitial pneumonia according to the cause of immunocompromise. METHOD: From January 1994 to March 2004, 17,000 autopsies were performed at Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University Medical School. After examining the pathology report review, we selected 558 of these autopsies (3.28%) from patients aged 15 years or more with primary underlying diseases who developed radiologically diffuse infiltrates of the lung during their hospital course and died after secondary interstitial pneumonia (bronchopneumonia, lobar pneumonia, interstitial pneumonia, diffuse alveolar damage, pulmonary recurrence of underlying disease, drug-induced lung disease, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, or pulmonary embolism). Histology slides were reviewed by experienced pathologists to confirm or not the presence of secondary interstitial pneumonia. Statistical analysis included the Fisher exact test to verify any association between histopathology and the cause of immunocompromise; a logistic regression was used to predict the risk of death for specific histological findings for each of the independent variables in the model. RESULTS: Secondary interstitial pneumonia was histologically represented by diffuse interstitial pneumonitis ranging from mild nonspecific findings (n = 213) to a pattern of diffuse alveolar damage (n = 273). The principal causes of immunocompromise in patients with diffuse alveolar damage were sepsis (136 cases), neoplasia (113 cases), diabetes mellitus (37 cases), and transplantation (48 cases). A high risk of death by pulmonary edema was found for patients with carcinoma of colon. Similarly, in patients with lung cancer or cachexia, A high risk of death by bronchopneumonia (OR = 3.6; OR = 2.6, respectively) was found. Pulmonary thromboembolism was associated with an appreciable risk of death (OR = 2.4) in patients with arterial hypertension. The risk of death was also high in patients presenting hepatic cancer (OR = 2.5) or steroid therapy (OR = 2.4) who developed pulmonary hemorrhage as the histological pattern of secondary interstitial pneumonia . The risk of death by lung metastasis was also elevated (OR = 1.6) for patients that were immunosuppressed after radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Patients with secondary immunosuppression who developed secondary interstitial pneumonia during treatment in hospital should be evaluated to avoid death by diffuse alveolar damage, pulmonary edema, bronchopneumonia, lung hemorrhage, pulmonary thromboembolism, or lung metastasis. The high-risk patients are those immunosuppressed by hematologic disease; those under steroid treatment; or those with colon or hepatic carcinoma, cachexia, or arterial hypertension.OBJETIVO: Apresentar as associações mais freqüentes encontradas em autópsias de pacientes imunossuprimidos que desenvolveram pneumonia intersticial secundária bem como o risco de óbito (Odds Ratio) de desenvolver PIS associada à causa da imunossupressão. MÉTODO: De janeiro de 1994 a março de 2004, 17000 autópsias foram realizadas no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. A partir da revisão dos laudos patológicos foram selecionados 558 destas autópsias (3,28%) de pacientes com 15 anos de idade ou mais, com alguma doença de base que desenvolveu um infiltrado pulmonar radiologicamente difuso durante o curso da hospitalização e que depois foi para óbito com pneumonia intersticial secundária (broncopneumonia, pneumonia lobar, pneumonia intersticial, dano alveolar difuso, doença pulmonar recorrente, doença pulmonar induzida por drogas, edema pulmonar cardiogênico e embolismo pulmonar). As lâminas histológicas foram revisadas por patologistas experientes para confirmar ou não a presença de pneumonia intersticial secundária. A análise estatística incluiu o "Teste exato de Fisher" para verificar associação entre a histolopatologia e causa de imunocomprometimento; e regressão logística para predizer o risco de óbito por achados histológicos específicos para cada variável independente do modelo. RESULTADOS: A pneumonia intersticial secundária foi representada histológicamente por pneumonite intersticial difusa variando de características não especificas leves (n=213) ao padrão histológico de dano alveolar difuso (n=273). A principal causa de imunossupressão nos pacientes com dano alveolar difuso foi sepse (136 casos), neoplasia (113 casos), diabetes melito (37 casos) e transplantados (37 casos). O maior risco de morte por edema pulmonar foi encontrado nos pacientes com carcinoma de cólon. Da mesma forma, nos pacientes com câncer pulmonar ou cachexia ocorreu um alto risco de morte (OR=3.6; OR=2.6, respectivamente) por broncopneumonia. O tromboembolismo pulmonar ofereceu um importante risco de morte (OR=2.4) nos pacientes com hipertensão arterial. Observou-se também risco de morte por câncer hepático (OR=2.5) ou terapia esteroidea (OR=2.4) nos pacientes que desenvolveram hemorragia pulmonar com padrão histológico de pneumonia intersticial secundária. Da mesma forma houve alto risco de morte por metástase pulmonar (OR= 1.6) nos pacientes imunossuprimidos após radioterapia. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com imunossupressão secundária que desenvolveram pneumonia intersticial secundária durante o tratamento dentro do hospital podem ser avaliados para evitar como evento final o dano alveolar difuso, o edema pulmonar, a broncopneumonia, a hemorragia pulmonar, o tromboembolismo pulmonar e a metástase pulmonar. Os pacientes com aumento de risco são aqueles imunossuprimidos por doença hematológica, sob tratamento com esteroides, carcimona hepático, cachexia e hipertensão