1,864 research outputs found
A primer on quantum fluids
This book introduces the theoretical description and properties of quantum
fluids. The focus is on gaseous atomic Bose-Einstein condensates and, to a
minor extent, superfluid helium, but the underlying concepts are relevant to
other forms of quantum fluids such as polariton and photonic condensates. The
book is pitched at the level of advanced undergraduates and early postgraduate
students, aiming to provide the reader with the knowledge and skills to develop
their own research project on quantum fluids. Indeed, the content for this book
grew from introductory notes provided to our own research students. It is
assumed that the reader has prior knowledge of undergraduate mathematics and/or
physics; otherwise, the concepts are introduced from scratch, often with
references for directed further reading.Comment: 132 pages. Published as SpringerBriefs in Physics book. Typos
corrected in this versio
Trapped Imbalanced Quantum Droplets
A two-component quantum droplet is an attractive mixture of ultracold bosons
stabilised against collapse by quantum fluctuations. Commonly, two-component
quantum droplets are studied within a balanced mixture. However, the mixture
can be imbalanced resulting in a lower energy but less stably bound droplet, or
even a droplet submerged in a gas. This work focuses on the experimentally
relevant question: how are imbalanced droplets modified by harmonic trap
potentials? Droplet ground states and breathing modes are analysed across the
two-dimensional parameter space of imbalance and trap strength. The robustness
of the droplet imbalance is also studied by releasing the droplet from the
trap, demonstrating that this can lead to the creation of free-space,
imbalanced droplets.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Quantum Droplets in Imbalanced Atomic Mixtures
Quantum droplets are a quantum analogue to classical fluid droplets in that
they are self-bound and display liquid-like properties -- such as
incompressibility and surface tension -- though their stability is the result
of quantum fluctuations. One of the major systems for observing quantum
droplets is two-component Bose gases. Two-component droplets are typically
considered to be balanced, having a fixed ratio between the densities of the
two component. This work goes beyond the fixed density ratio by investigating
spherical droplets in imbalanced mixtures. With increasing imbalance, the
droplet is able to lower its energy up to a limit, at which point the droplet
becomes saturated with the atoms of the majority component and any further
atoms added to this component cannot bind to the droplet. Analysing the
breathing mode dynamics of imbalanced droplets indicates that the droplet can
emit particles, as in balanced mixtures, but the imbalance leads to an
intricate superposition of multiple simultaneously decaying collective
oscillations.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
- …