Using Pyrolized Carbon Black (PCB) from Waste Tires in Asphalt Pavement (Part 1, Limestone Aggregate)

This study presents the viability of using PCB as an additive in hot mix asphalt concrete. Different ratios of PCB (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of asphalt) were blended with two grades of asphalt (AC-10 and AC-20). The complete behaviors of the PCB modified asphalt concrete were investigated by comprehensive laboratory testing and evaluation. The Marshall method was used to determine the optimum binder content and the mechanical properties and void relationships were investigated by this method. The Gyratory Testing Machine was used to define the stress-strain relationships of the PCB mixtures. The rutting potential of PCB mixtures was investigated using the Dynamic Creep Testing. The performance of the PCB mixtures at low temperature (5o C) was determined by the Indirect Tensile Testing. The strength performance of the PCB mixtures at intermediate temperatures (5o C and 25o C) was examined by the Resilient Modulus Test. The Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device was employed to ascertain the stripping potential of the PCB mixtures. The findings of this study show beneficial effects of added PCB for asphalt mixture. Specifically, tests results show that PCB contents of 10% to 15% by weight of asphalt produced a number of significant improvements. The rutting potential, the temperature susceptibility and the stripping potential can be reduced by the inclusion of PCB in the asphalt mixture. Added material costs of about 6% may well be justified by expected improvements in performance

Application of pyrolized carbon black from scrap tires in pavement design (hot mix asphalt)

Various concepts and techniques have been developing for efficient and economical disposal and utilization of scrap tires. One of these is pyrolysis of scrap tires by a cooking process in order to break down the rubber into salable byproducts. Tire pyrolysis yields approximately 25% carbon black (CB) and is named pyrolized carbon black (PCB) in this study. Due to relatively high contents (75%) of carbon black in PCB, the use of PCB in asphalt pavement is expected to improve performance in terms of rutting resistance, reduction of temperature susceptibility and cracking potential. Furthermore, tire pyrolysis could be a remedy to the mass disposal problem of scrap tires.(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI)This study presents the viability of using PCB as an additive in hot mix asphalt concrete. Different ratios of PCB (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% by weight of asphalt) were blended with two grades of asphalt (AC-10 and AC-20). The complete behaviors of the PCB modified asphalt concrete were investigated by comprehensive laboratory testing and evaluation. The Marshall method was used to determine the optimum binder content, and the mechanical properties and void relationships were investigated by this method. The Gyratory Testing Machine was used to define the stress-strain relationships of the PCB mixtures. The rutting potential of PCB mixtures was investigated using the Dynamic Creep Testing. The performance of the PCB mixtures at low temperature (5\sp\circC) was determined by the Indirect Tensile Testing. The strength performance of the PCB mixtures at intermediate temperatures (5\sp\circC and 25\sp\circC) was examined by the Resilient Modulus Test. The Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device was employed to ascertain the stripping potential of the PCB mixtures. The findings of this study show beneficial effects for conventional asphalt mixture. The analyses of test results show that the PCB content 10% to 15% by weight of asphalt produces a number of significant improvements. The rutting potential, the temperature susceptibility and the stripping potential can be reduced by the inclusion of PCB in the asphalt mixture

Checkpointing and rollback-recovery in distributed systems

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references.Not availabl

An Efficient Optimistic Message Logging Scheme for Recoverable . . .

This paper presents an efficient scheme to implement the optimistic message logging and the asynchronous recovery for the mobile computing environment. Most of the coordinated checkpointing schemes may not be suitable for the mobile environment, since the unreliable mobile hosts and the fragile network connection may hinder any kind of coordination for checkpointing and recovery. In this paper, optimistic message logging is used with the independent checkpointing. To reduce the logging overhead imposed on mobile hosts, mobile support stations take care of message logging and dependency tracking; and mobile hosts maintain only a small amount of information for the mobility tracking. As a result, asynchronous recovery for the mobile computing systems can be achieved with the little overhead. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and the simulation results show that with the reasonable overhead, fault-tolerant mobile computing systems can be implemented based on the optimistic message logging

An Asynchronous Protocol for Release Consistent Distributed Shared Memory Systems

Distributed shared memory (DSM) systems[1] provide a simple programming paradigm for networks of workstations, which are gaining popularity due to their cost-effective high computing power. However, DSM systems usually exhibit poor performance due to the large communication delay between the nodes. A lot of different memory consistency models have been proposed to mask the delay due to network communication. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous protocol for the release consistent memory model, which we call Asynchronous Release Consistency (ARC) protocol. In ARC, the network delay is reduced by proper prefetching of pages and two network interfaces are used to perform the prefetching of pages asynchronously with the other synchronization operations. We have compared the performance of the proposed protocol with the lazy invalidate protocol by running standard benchmark programs and we found that ARC achieves up to 29% performance improvement. 1 Introduction Software distributed ..

The Performance of Checkpointing and Replication Schemes for Fault Tolerant Mobile Agent Systemss

This paper evaluates the performance of checkpointing and replication schemes for the fault tolerant mobile agent system. For the quantitative comparison, we have implemented an experimental system on top of the Mole mobile agent system and also built a simulation system to include various failure cases. Our experiment aims to have the insight into the behavior of agents under two schemes and provide a guideline for the fault tolerant system design. The experimental results show that the checkpointing scheme shows a very stable performance; and for the replication scheme, some controllable system parameter values should be chosen carefully to achieve the desirable performance. 1

Laser Plasma Sintering for Fabricating Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films

This paper introduces laser plasma sintering (LPS), and uses it to fabricate dense indiumtin oxide (ITO) thin films. LPS uses a nanosecond pulsed laser to generate an airborne laser-induced plasma (LIP) of high temperature and high pressure, which sinters the particles on the substrate. ITO thin films were fabricated by spin-coating ITO nanoparticle (NP) ink onto a substrate then using the LIP to sinter the NPs. The deposited NPs are sintered by the combined effect of the thermal radiation from the LIP and the impact of the shockwave. This LPS process could generate a polycrystalline structure with an average grain size of 280 nm. The electrical resistivity of the film was decreased to similar to 1/1000 of the initial value without losing transparency of the ITO film. The minimum resistivity of 1.6 x 10(-5) Omega.m was obtained significantly reducing the optical transparency of the ITO film. The thickness of the sintered layer and electrical resistivity could be controlled by adjusting the process parameters. LPS also strengthened the adhesion between the sintered film and the substrate significantly, compared with the conventional thermal or laser sintering process. This work suggests that LPS process can be an effective tool to fabricate various thin films with enhanced crystallinity and adhesion characteristics. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.1121sciescopu

A Lightweight Causal Logging Scheme for Recoverable Distributed Shared Memory Systems

This paper presents a new causal logging scheme for lazy release consistent distributed shared memory systems. For the efficient implementation of causal logging, data structures and operations supported by the lazy release consistency memory model are utilized. Also, unlike the previous scheme which logs the vector clock for each synchronization operation, the proposed scheme adds the minimum information to recreate the corresponding vector clock, into the existing write notice structures. As a result, the additional information carried in each message becomes less than two integers for each synchronization interval, and hence, fault-tolerance can be achieved with very little overhead. Moreover, the size of the additional information is independent of the number of processes in the system, which means that the new scheme can be very effective for the large size systems. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, the logging protocols have been implemented on top of the CVM(Co..