Degradation of multiplier phototubes exposed to spatial radiations

Degradation of multiplier phototubes exposed to spatial radiation

Comments on "Entropy of 2D Black Holes from Counting Microstates"

In a recent letter, Cadoni and Mignemi proposed a formulation for the statistical computation of the 2D black holes entropy. We present a criticism about their formulation.Comment: 5 pages, Latex, no figure

The Solar Proton Burning Process Revisited In Chiral Perturbation Theory

The proton burning process p + p -> d + e(+) + \nu(e), important for the stellar evolution of main-sequence stars of mass equal to or less than that of the Sun, is computed in effective field theory using chiral perturbation expansion to the next-to-next-to leading chiral order. This represents a model-independent calculation consistent with low-energy effective theory of QCD comparable in accuracy to the radiative np capture at thermal energy previously calculated by first using very accurate two-nucleon wavefunctions backed up by an effective field theory technique with a finite cut-off. The result obtained thereby is found to support within theoretical uncertainties the previous calculation of the same process by Bahcall and his co-workers.Comment: 30 pages, 2 eps files, aaspp4.sty needed, slightly modified, to be published in Ap.

In Defense of the Epistemic Imperative

Sample (2015) argues that scientists ought not to believe that their theories are true because they cannot fulfill the epistemic obligation to take the diachronic perspective on their theories. I reply that Sample’s argument imposes an inordinately heavy epistemic obligation on scientists, and that it spells doom not only for scientific theories but also for observational beliefs and philosophical ideas that Samples endorses. I also delineate what I take to be a reasonable epistemic obligation for scientists. In sum, philosophers ought to impose on scientists only an epistemic standard that they are willing to impose on themselves

Comments on `` Black Hole Entropy from Conformal Field Theory in Any Dimension ''

In a recent letter, Carlip proposed a generalization of the Brown-Henneaux-Strominger construction to any dimension. We present two criticisms about his formulation.Comment: 4 pages, Enriched version for the accepted one (Phys. Rev. Lett.

Partial Teleportation of Entanglement in the Noisy Environment

Partial teleportation of entanglement is to teleport one particle of an entangled pair through a quantum channel. This is conceptually equivalent to quantum swapping. We consider the partial teleportation of entanglement in the noisy environment, employing the Werner-state representation of the noisy channel for the simplicity of calculation. To have the insight of the many-body teleportation, we introduce the measure of correlation information and study the transfer of the correlation information and entanglement. We find that the fidelity gets smaller as the initial-state is entangled more for a given entanglement of the quantum channel. The entangled channel transfers at least some of the entanglement to the final state.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Regularization, Renormalization and Range: The Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction from Effective Field Theory

Regularization and renormalization is discussed in the context of low-energy effective field theory treatments of two or more heavy particles (such as nucleons). It is desirable to regulate the contact interactions from the outset by treating them as having a finite range. The low energy physical observables should be insensitive to this range provided that the range is of a similar or greater scale than that of the interaction. Alternative schemes, such as dimensional regularization, lead to paradoxical conclusions such as the impossibility of repulsive interactions for truly low energy effective theories where all of the exchange particles are integrated out. This difficulty arises because a nonrelativistic field theory with repulsive contact interactions is trivial in the sense that the $S$ matrix is unity and the renormalized coupling constant zero. Possible consequences of low energy attraction are also discussed. It is argued that in the case of large or small scattering lengths, the region of validity of effective field theory expansion is much larger if the contact interactions are given a finite range from the beginning.Comment: 7 page

Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Project Value: Quantity Take-Off of Building Frame Approach

Purpose - Under today's increasingly complex and large-scale construction environment, building information modeling (BIM) is being recognized as an effective and dominant project management tool. To demonstrate the practical benefits of BIM application, we focused on the quantity take- off (QTO) of a building frame by BIM modeling because accurate cost management is now seen as a critical factor for project value. Design/methodology/approach - QTO is the systematic breakdown of a project into units of work in order to evaluate the cost and time needed to complete a project. We analyze the traditional manual-based approach and the BIM-based approach to find the most practical method, and then examine comparative data from actual case projects. Particularly, a direct comparison of the QTO of building frames between two approaches reveals the accuracy and availableness of the both approaches respectively. Findings - As a result, the BIM-based approach shows higher QTO accuracy (95%) than the manual-based approach (less than 89%). BIM also has other advantages such as allowing partial calculation, re-calculation, and design changes during production stage. Moreover, because design changes are calculated automatically by the BIM operation, drawing omissions and cost estimation errors can be reduced significantly. Originality/value - Thus, project value can be improved by the application of BIM for cases in which all the available cost management information is handled and reproduced by different project participants